Zircon U−Pb age, petrogenesis and the revelation to the Proto-Tethyan ocean of the Late Cambrian-Early Ordovician rhyolite from Zhakang area in the Lhasa terrane

CHEN Hongcan; XIE Chaoming; ZHANG Jiajun; BAI Xitai; DUAN Menglong

doi:10.12097/gbc.2024.01.010

2025 Vol. 44, No. 2~3

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CHEN Hongcan, XIE Chaoming, ZHANG Jiajun, BAI Xitai, DUAN Menglong. 2025. Zircon U−Pb age, petrogenesis and the revelation to the Proto-Tethyan ocean of the Late Cambrian-Early Ordovician rhyolite from Zhakang area in the Lhasa terrane. Geological Bulletin of China, 44(2~3): 441-458. doi: 10.12097/gbc.2024.01.010

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CHEN Hongcan, XIE Chaoming, ZHANG Jiajun, BAI Xitai, DUAN Menglong. 2025. Zircon U−Pb age, petrogenesis and the revelation to the Proto-Tethyan ocean of the Late Cambrian-Early Ordovician rhyolite from Zhakang area in the Lhasa terrane. Geological Bulletin of China, 44(2~3): 441-458. doi: 10.12097/gbc.2024.01.010

Zircon U−Pb age, petrogenesis and the revelation to the Proto-Tethyan ocean of the Late Cambrian-Early Ordovician rhyolite from Zhakang area in the Lhasa terrane

1.
College of Earth Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, Jilin, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Evaluation in Northeast Asia, Ministry of Land and Resources of China, Changchun 130061, Jilin, China
3.
Research Center for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, Jilin, China

More Information

Corresponding author: XIE Chaoming, xcmxcm1983@jlu.edu.cn

Received Date: 08 January 2024

Revised Date: 13 April 2024

Publish Date: 15 March 2025

Abstract

Abstract

Objective
The Early Paleozoic magmatisms in the southern Qinghai−Tibet Plateau are important for researching the nature of the continental margin of the northern margin of the Gondwana continent and the subduction process of the Proto−Tethys Ocean. Based on the reaserch of the Late Cambrian−Early Ordovician rhyolite found in the Zhakang area in the northern part of Xainza County, Lhasa block, this paper discusses the petrogenesis and geological significance of the rhyolite, so as to further constrain the time limit of the Zhakang unconformity in the Xainza area, and provide a basis for understanding the geological evolution process of the northern margin of the Gondwana continent in the Early Paleozoic.
Methods
In this study, we report the zircon U−Pb age, rock geochemistry and zircon Hf isotope analysis of rhyolites in Zhakang area, northern Xainza County, Lhasa Block, Qinghai−Tibet Plateau.
Results
The results show that the weighted average age of zircon²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U of rhyolite is 485±5 Ma. The rock geochemistry shows high silicon, rich alkali, rich aluminum, low phosphorus and low magnesium. The content of SiO₂ is 75.10%~77.39%, the content of Al₂O₃ is 10.74%~12.90%, the content of K₂O+Na₂O is 6.65%~7.99%, the content of P₂O₅ is 0.03%~0.11%, the content of MgO is 0.27%~0.35% and the A/CNK is 1.20~1.61, which is greater than 1.1. It belongs to a set of strongly peraluminous shoshonite series. The character in rare earth elements of the rhyolite is enrichment of light rare earth elements and relatively flat right−inclined curve of heavy rare earth elements. The fractionation of light and heavy rare earth elements is obvious, accompanied by obvious negative Eu anomalies (δEu=0.44~0.48). The Zhakang rhyolite has high Rb (368.43×10⁻⁶~489.42×10⁻⁶) content, low Zr/Hf (31.97~37.35) and Nb/Ta (12.17~15.32) values, indicating that strong crystallization differentiation occurred during its formation. In the SiO₂−Zr diagram and ACF diagram, the samples fell into the S−type granite area, showing the characteristics of highly differentiated S−type granite. The ε_Hf (t) value of zircon varies from −2.0 to −5.5, with an average of −3.7, which is negative, indicating the rhyolite might be the product of partial melting of the crust. The two−stage model age of Hf isotope is 1581~1752 Ma, indicating that the source area may be Mesoproterozoic crustal material.
Conclusions
This study believes that the Late Cambrian−Early Ordovician rhyolite in the Zhakang area may be formed under the tectonic background of the subduction of the proto−Tethys oceanic crust to the northern margin of the Gondwana continent.
- Qinghai-Tibet Plateau /
- Zhakang area /
- rhyolites /
- geochemisitry /
- zircon U−Pb age

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