Climate changes on Chinese continent since 2.5 Ma: Evidence from fossil pollen records

ZHAO Chenchen; WANG Yongbo; XU Qinmian

doi:10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2019070301

2020 Vol. 40, No. 4

Article Contents

Article navigation > Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology > 2020 > 40(4): 175-191

Next Article Previous Article

ZHAO Chenchen, WANG Yongbo, XU Qinmian. Climate changes on Chinese continent since 2.5 Ma: Evidence from fossil pollen records[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2020, 40(4): 175-191. doi: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2019070301

Citation:

ZHAO Chenchen, WANG Yongbo, XU Qinmian. Climate changes on Chinese continent since 2.5 Ma: Evidence from fossil pollen records[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2020, 40(4): 175-191. doi: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2019070301

Climate changes on Chinese continent since 2.5 Ma: Evidence from fossil pollen records

1.
College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
2.
Tianjin Center, China Geological Survey, Tianjin 300170, China

More Information

Corresponding author: WANG Yongbo, yongbowang@cnu.edu.cn

Received Date: 03 July 2019

Revised Date: 13 November 2019

Publish Date: 25 August 2020

Abstract

Abstract

Climate change during Quaternary has been a hot spot in geosciences for decades. However, discrepancies remain among scholars up to date. In this paper, 48 fossil pollen records from Chinese continent, which cover the whole period of Quaternary, were selected and synthesized for regional climate variations in order to better understand the historical evolution of Quaternary climate. Pollen data were interpolated and mapped using the method of Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) for spatial distribution patterns. According to the fossil pollen records, Quaternary climate variation on Chinese continent could be summarized as follows. During the period of 2.5～1.5 Ma, the region was dominated by fluctuated cold and dry climate. During the period from 1.5 to 1.0 Ma, it was warm and wet in the eastern part but dry in the northwestern part and the Tibetan Plateau. More fluctuations appeared since 1.0 Ma. The climate variation revealed by pollen records shows a good consistance with the Quaternary monsoon evolution: Asian winter monsoon gradually strengthened after 2.5 Ma while the climate was relatively dry. The East Asian summer monsoon, however, intensified around 1.5 Ma, which probably brought in more precipitation and led to the overall wet climate. The region returned to a drying trend again since 1.0 Ma with the retreat of summer monsoon.
- pollen /
- climate change /
- Asian monsoon /
- Quaternary

FullText(HTML)

References

[1]	安芷生, 艾莉. 尚未完成的地质年代表——第四纪悬而未决的前程[J]. 地层学杂志, 2005, 29(2):99-103 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4959.2005.02.003 CrossRef Google Scholar AN Zhisheng, AI Li. Imperfect geologic time scale——pending future of the Quaternary [J]. Journal of Stratigraphy, 2005, 29(2): 99-103. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4959.2005.02.003 CrossRef Google Scholar
[2]	刘秀铭, 刘东生, Heller F, et al. 中国黄土磁化率与第四纪古气候研究[J]. 地质科学, 1992(S1):279-285 Google Scholar LIU Xiuming, LIU Dongsheng, Heller F, et al. Study on magnetic susceptibility of loess and Quternary climate in China [J]. Chinese Journal of Geology, 1992(S1): 279-285. Google Scholar
[3]	秦锋, 赵艳. 基于孢粉组合定量重建古气候的方法在中国的运用及思考[J]. 第四纪研究, 2013, 33(6):1054-1068 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7410.2013.06.02 CrossRef Google Scholar QIN Feng, ZHAO Yan. Methods of quantitative climate reconstruction based on palynological data and their applications in China [J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2013, 33(6): 1054-1068. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7410.2013.06.02 CrossRef Google Scholar
[4]	Davis M B, Faegri K. Forest tree pollen in South swedish peat bog deposits, by L. von Post (translation) [J]. Pollen et Spores, 1967, 27(9): 375-401. Google Scholar
[5]	孙湘君, 罗运利, 陈怀成. 中国第四纪深海孢粉研究进展[J]. 科学通报, 2003, 48(20):2155-2165 doi: 10.1007/BF03182842 CrossRef Google Scholar SUN Xiangjun, LUO Yunli, CHEN Huaicheng. Deep-sea pollen research in China [J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2003, 48(20): 2155-2165. doi: 10.1007/BF03182842 CrossRef Google Scholar
[6]	徐仁. 孢粉学的现状及孢子花粉分析在我国发展的展望[J]. 科学通报, 1956, 7(7):49-52 doi: 10.1360/csb1956-1-7-49 CrossRef Google Scholar XU Ren. The current situation of palynology and the prospect of spore pollen analysis in China [J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 1956, 7(7): 49-52. doi: 10.1360/csb1956-1-7-49 CrossRef Google Scholar
[7]	孔昭宸, 张芸, 王力, 等. 中国孢粉学的过去、现在及未来——侧重第四纪孢粉学[J]. 科学通报, 2018, 63(2):164-171 doi: 10.1360/N972017-00812 CrossRef Google Scholar KONG Zhaochen, ZHANG Yun, WANG Li, et al. The past, present and future of palynology in China—Concentrate on Quaternary palynology [J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2018, 63(2): 164-171. doi: 10.1360/N972017-00812 CrossRef Google Scholar
[8]	李洁, 许清海, 张生瑞, 等. 相对花粉产量及其在古植被定量重建中的应用[J]. 第四纪研究, 2013, 33(6):1101-1110 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7410.2013.06.06 CrossRef Google Scholar LI Jie, XU Qinghai, ZHANG Shengrui, et al. Relative pollen productivity and its use in quantitative reconstruction of paleovegetation [J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2013, 33(6): 1101-1110. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7410.2013.06.06 CrossRef Google Scholar
[9]	Ren G Y, Beug H J. Mapping holocene pollen data and vegetation of China [J]. Quaternary Science Reviews, 2002, 21(12-13): 1395-1422. doi: 10.1016/S0277-3791(01)00119-6 CrossRef Google Scholar
[10]	Brewer S, Cheddadi R, De Beaulieu J L, et al. The spread of deciduous Quercus throughout Europe since the last glacial period [J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2002, 156(1-3): 27-48. doi: 10.1016/S0378-1127(01)00646-6 CrossRef Google Scholar
[11]	李玉刚, 卞德隆, 王雅璐, 等. 三湖河中更新世以来孢粉组合与古气候研究[J]. 世界有色金属, 2017(1):228-229 Google Scholar LI Yugang, BIAN Delong, WANG Yalu, et al. The study on palynological assemblages and paleoclimatev of sanhuhe since middle pleistocene [J]. World Nonferrous Metals, 2017(1): 228-229. Google Scholar
[12]	常婧. 黑河中游孢粉记录及第四纪环境变化研究[D]. 兰州大学硕士学位论文, 2016. Google Scholar CHANG Jing. Pollen records and the Quaternary environment changes in the middle reach of Heihe River[D]. Master Dissertation of Lanzhou University, 2016. Google Scholar
[13]	杨振京, 郑宏瑞, 童国榜, 等. 银川盆地中更新世以来的孢粉植物群古气候旋回探讨[J]. 长春科技大学学报, 2001, 31(3):213-216 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-5888.2001.03.002 CrossRef Google Scholar YANG Zhenjing, ZHNEG Hongrui, TONG Guobang, et al. Study on palynoflora and paleoclimatic cycles since Mid-Pleistocene in Yinchuan Basin [J]. Journal of Changchun University of Science and Technology, 2001, 31(3): 213-216. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-5888.2001.03.002 CrossRef Google Scholar
[14]	刘金陵. 泥河湾组的孢粉组合及其地质时代[J]. 科学通报, 1980, 25(7):584-587 Google Scholar LIU Jinling. Pollen analysis and geological age of the Nihewan formation [J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 1980, 25(7): 584-587. Google Scholar
[15]	李腾飞. 北京昌平东闸村钻孔中更新世气候转型期的孢粉组合特征及其古气候意义[D]. 首都师范大学硕士学位论文, 2014. Google Scholar LI Tengfei. Characteristics of sporopollen assembalages and their paleoclimatic significance during the during the Middle Pleistocene climate transition period in Dongzhacun borehole, Changping, Beijing[D]. Master Dissertation of Capital Normal University, 2014. Google Scholar
[16]	李长安. 北京平原区第四纪古气候变化[J]. 地质通报, 1993(4):336-343 Google Scholar LI Chang’an. Changes of quaternary paleoclimates in the plain area of Beijing [J]. Regional Geology of China, 1993(4): 336-343. Google Scholar
[17]	姚轶锋, 叶超, 寇香玉, 等. 北京天竺晚上新世以来植被演替与气候变迁[J]. 古地理学报, 2007, 9(1):45-58 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1505.2007.01.005 CrossRef Google Scholar YAO Yifeng, YE Chao, KOU Xiangyu, et al. Vegetation succession and climate changing since the Late Pliocene in Tianzhu Region in Beijing [J]. Journal of Palaeogeography, 2007, 9(1): 45-58. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1505.2007.01.005 CrossRef Google Scholar
[18]	郭高轩, 蒋汉朝, 蔡向民, 等. 北京新5孔第四纪孢粉记录及其对更新世气候变化的响应[J]. 第四纪研究, 2013, 33(6):1160-1170 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7410.2013.06.12 CrossRef Google Scholar GUO Gaoxuan, JIANG Hanchao, CAI Xiangmin, et al. A Quaternary pollen record from the X5 core in Beijing and its response to the Pleistocene climate change [J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2013, 33(6): 1160-1170. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7410.2013.06.12 CrossRef Google Scholar
[19]	范淑贤, 翟子梅, 张学斌, 等. 天津北部4.00 MaBP以来古植被与古气候[J]. 古地理学报, 2010, 12(6):655-664 doi: 10.7605/gdlxb.2010.06.002 CrossRef Google Scholar FAN Shuxian, ZHAI Zimei, ZHANG Xuebin, et al. Palaeovegetation and palaeoclimate since 4.0 MaBP in northern Tianjin [J]. Journal of Palaeogeography, 2010, 12(6): 655-664. doi: 10.7605/gdlxb.2010.06.002 CrossRef Google Scholar
[20]	胡云壮, 张金起, 白耀楠, 等. 3.45 Ma以来滦河冲积扇中部唐山TD1孔记录的区域构造和气候演化[J]. 古地理学报, 2014, 16(2):249-262 doi: 10.7605/gdlxb.2014.02.023 CrossRef Google Scholar HU Yunzhuang, ZHANG Jinqi, BAI Yaonan, et al. Records of regional tectonic and climatic evolution since 3.45 MaBP at Borehole TD1 of Tangshan in the middle part of Luanhe River fluvial fan [J]. Journal of Palaeogeography, 2014, 16(2): 249-262. doi: 10.7605/gdlxb.2014.02.023 CrossRef Google Scholar
[21]	任振纪. 冀东滦县——滦南县钻孔第四纪孢粉组合及古气候[J]. 河北地质大学学报, 1979(2):55-58 Google Scholar REN Zhenji. Quaternary Sporopollen assemblages and paleoclimate of boreholes in Luanxian-Luannan country, eastern Hebei Province [J]. Journal of Shijiazhuang University of Economics, 1979(2): 55-58. Google Scholar
[22]	童国榜, 柯曼红, 于淑凤. 河北平原第四纪孢粉组合及其地质意义[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 1983, 3(4):91-103 Google Scholar TONG Guobang, KE Manhong, YU Shufeng. Quaternary sporo-pollen assemblages in Hebei plain, China and their Geological significance [J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 1983, 3(4): 91-103. Google Scholar
[23]	范淑贤, 刘海坤, 徐建明, 等. 3.50 Ma BP以来河北衡水地区古植被与环境演化[J]. 现代地质, 2009, 23(1):75-81 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-8527.2009.01.011 CrossRef Google Scholar FAN Shuxian, LIU Haikun, XU Jianming, et al. Palaeovegetation and environmental evolution in Hengshui district of Hebei Province since 3.50 MaBP [J]. Geoscience, 2009, 23(1): 75-81. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-8527.2009.01.011 CrossRef Google Scholar
[24]	童国榜, 于淑凤, 张俊牌, 等. 华北平原第四纪孢粉的数学地质分析[J]. 植物学报, 1988, 30(3):325-332 Google Scholar TONG Gongbang, YU Shufeng, ZHANG Junpai, et al. On analysis of quantitative geology for Quaternary sporopollen in the northern China plain [J]. Acta Botanica Sinica, 1988, 30(3): 325-332. Google Scholar
[25]	范淑贤, 刘海坤, 赵华, 等. 3.2 MaBP以来河北黄骅地区孢粉地层学与古气候变迁[J]. 微体古生物学报, 2009, 26(2):173-180 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0674.2009.02.008 CrossRef Google Scholar FAN Shuxian, LIU Haikun, ZHAO Hua, et al. Palynology Stratigraphy and palaeoclimate evolution in Huanghua district of Hebei province since 3.2 MaBP [J]. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 2009, 26(2): 173-180. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0674.2009.02.008 CrossRef Google Scholar
[26]	吴福莉, 方小敏, 马玉贞, 等. 黄土高原中部1.5 Ma以来古生态环境演化的孢粉记录[J]. 科学通报, 2004, 49(3):295-302 doi: 10.1007/BF03182815 CrossRef Google Scholar WU Fuli, FANG Xiaomin, MA Yuzhen, et al. A 1.5 Ma sporopollen record of paleoecologic environment evolution in the central Chinese Loess Plateau [J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2004, 49(3): 295-302. doi: 10.1007/BF03182815 CrossRef Google Scholar
[27]	李玉梅. 最近2.5 Ma黄土高原环境变化研究进展——来自洛川黄土地层的证据[J]. 地球科学进展, 2002, 17(1):118-125 doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-8166.2002.01.018 CrossRef Google Scholar LI Yumei. Lochuan Loess-paleosol seouence and paleo-environmrntal implications: a brief review [J]. Advance in Earth Sciences, 2002, 17(1): 118-125. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-8166.2002.01.018 CrossRef Google Scholar
[28]	乔晓旭. 焦作市中更新世以来的孢粉组合与气候演化规律[D]. 中国地质大学(北京)硕士学位论文, 2015. Google Scholar QIAO Xiaoxu. The spore-pollen assemblage charateristics and the climate evolution in Jiaozuo since the middle pleistocene[D]. Master Dissertation of China University of Geosciences, 2015. Google Scholar
[29]	肖景义, 陈建强, 李辉, 等. 河北邯郸HZ-S孔第四纪孢粉组合的定量分析[J]. 地质通报, 2008, 27(5):599-604 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2552.2008.05.002 CrossRef Google Scholar XIAO Jingyi, CHEN Jianqiang, LI Hui, et al. Quantitative analysis of the Quaternary sporopollen assemblages: A case study of hole HZ-S core in Handan, Hebei, China [J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2008, 27(5): 599-604. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2552.2008.05.002 CrossRef Google Scholar
[30]	刘明健, 王静敏, 杜乃秋, 等. 陕西华阴N-3钻孔孢粉分析及对自然环境变化的初步探讨[J]. 植物学报, 1984, 2(1):51-54 Google Scholar LIU Mingjian, WANG Jingmin, DU Naiqiu, et al. A preliminary study on the environmentae changes in Huayin county, Shanxi province since pleistocene based on pollen analysis [J]. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 1984, 2(1): 51-54. Google Scholar
[31]	李博, 文雪峰, 赵斌, 等. 南阳盆地更新世以来的孢粉分析及其古气候记录[J]. 地质科技情报, 2015, 34(1):49-56 Google Scholar LI Bo, WEN Xuefeng, ZHAO Bin, et al. Sporo-pollen assemblages and paleoclimate analysis since the late pleistocene sediments of Nanyang basin [J]. Geological Science and Technology Information, 2015, 34(1): 49-56. Google Scholar
[32]	于振江, 黄多成. 安徽省淮北平原第四纪孢粉序列[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 1993, 13(1):21-32 Google Scholar YU Zhenjiang, HUANG Duocheng. Quaternary palynological sequence in Huaibei plain, Anhui province [J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 1993, 13(1): 21-32. Google Scholar
[33]	王建, 黄巧华, 柏春广, 等. 2.5 Ma以来柴达木盆地的气候干湿变化特征及其原因[J]. 地理科学, 2002, 22(1):34-38 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0690.2002.01.007 CrossRef Google Scholar WANG Jian, HUANG Qiaohua, BAI Chunguang, et al. Tendency of the quaternary climatic change in Qaidam basin and its causal mechanism [J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2002, 22(1): 34-38. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0690.2002.01.007 CrossRef Google Scholar
[34]	康安, 朱筱敏, 韩德馨, 等. 柴达木盆地第四纪孢粉组合及古气候波动[J]. 地质通报, 2003, 22(1):12-15 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2552.2003.01.002 CrossRef Google Scholar KANG An, ZHU Xiaomin, KANG Dexin, et al. Quaternary Sporopollen assemblages and paleoclimatic fluctuation in the Qaidam basin [J]. Regional Geology of China, 2003, 22(1): 12-15. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2552.2003.01.002 CrossRef Google Scholar
[35]	刘晓丽. 可可西里地区钻孔记录的中更新世孢粉与环境演化[D]. 兰州大学硕士学位论文, 2010. Google Scholar LIU Xiaoli. Vegetation and Climate changes of middle Pleistocene in Hoh Xil area[D]. Master Dissertation of Lanzhou University, 2010. Google Scholar
[36]	许清海, 阳小兰, 梁文栋, 等. 东昆仑山区更新世植被与环境变化的孢粉学证据[J]. 冰川冻土, 2001, 23(4):407-413 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0240.2001.04.012 CrossRef Google Scholar XU Qinghai, YANG Xiaolan, LIANG Wendong, et al. Palynological evidences of the pleistocene vegetation and environmental changes in the East Kunlun mountains [J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2001, 23(4): 407-413. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0240.2001.04.012 CrossRef Google Scholar
[37]	潘安定. 青藏高原东北边缘第四纪孢粉记录的环境意义[J]. 微体古生物学报, 2000, 17(2):178-185 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0674.2000.02.008 CrossRef Google Scholar PAN Anding. The environmental significance of Quaternary Sporo-pollen records from northeastern margin of Qinghai-Tibetan plateau [J]. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 2000, 17(2): 178-185. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0674.2000.02.008 CrossRef Google Scholar
[38]	韩建恩, 余佳, 朱大岗, 等. 青海黄河源盆地早更新世以来环境演变[J]. 地质通报, 2011, 30(12):1941-1949 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2552.2011.12.019 CrossRef Google Scholar HAN Jianen, YU Jia, ZHU Dagang, et al. The palaeoenvironmental evolution of the Yellow River headwater basin in Qinghai province since early Pleistocene [J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2011, 30(12): 1941-1949. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2552.2011.12.019 CrossRef Google Scholar
[39]	董铭, 方小敏, 史正涛, 等. 甘肃省临夏盆地更新世早期湖泊沉积孢粉记录的古气候演化[J]. 第四纪研究, 2011, 31(1):104-111 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7410.2011.01.14 CrossRef Google Scholar DONG Ming, FANG Xiaomin, SHI Zhengtao, et al. Early Pleistocene lacustrine spore-pollen records and evolution of paleoclimate in Linxia Basin, Gansu province, China [J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2011, 31(1): 104-111. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7410.2011.01.14 CrossRef Google Scholar
[40]	朱大岗, 孟宪刚, 邵兆刚, 等. 西藏阿里札达盆地早更新世早期沉积及其古气候与古环境变化[J]. 中国地质, 2006, 33(6):1276-1284 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3657.2006.06.010 CrossRef Google Scholar ZHU Dagang, MENG Xiangang, SHAO Zhaogang, et al. Early Pleistocene deposits and paleoclimate and palaeoenvironmental changes in the Zanda basin, Ngari area, Tibet [J]. Geology in China, 2006, 33(6): 1276-1284. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3657.2006.06.010 CrossRef Google Scholar
[41]	江尚松, 向树元, 徐亚东. 西藏札达盆地晚上新世—早更新世孢粉组合及其地质意义[J]. 地质科技情报, 2010, 29(4):21-31 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7849.2010.04.004 CrossRef Google Scholar JIANG Shangsong, XIANG Shuyuan, XU Yadong. Geological significances of late pliocene-early pleistocene palynological assemblage in Zanda Basin, Tibet [J]. Geological Science and Technology Information, 2010, 29(4): 21-31. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7849.2010.04.004 CrossRef Google Scholar
[42]	陈诗越, 王苏民, 吴艳宏. 西藏错鄂湖沉积旋回与古环境变迁[J]. 地球学报, 2006, 27(4):315-322 doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1006-3021.2006.04.005 CrossRef Google Scholar CHEN Shiyue, WANG Sumin, WU Yanhong. Sedimentary cycles and paleoenvironmental evolution of the Co Ngoin Lake in Tibetan Plateau since Late Cenozoic [J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 2006, 27(4): 315-322. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1006-3021.2006.04.005 CrossRef Google Scholar
[43]	陈诗越, 王苏民, 金章东, 等. 湖泊沉积物记录的藏中地区2.8 Ma以来的环境演变历史[J]. 地球化学, 2004, 33(2):159-164 doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0379-1726.2004.02.007 CrossRef Google Scholar CHEN Shiyue, WANG Sumin, JIN Zhangdong, et al. Lake sedimentary records of environmental evolution in the last 2.8 Ma from the Co Ngoin Basin, central Qinghai-Xizang Plateau [J]. Geochimica, 2004, 33(2): 159-164. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0379-1726.2004.02.007 CrossRef Google Scholar
[44]	徐亚东, 张克信, 王国灿, 等. 西藏南部吉隆盆地中新世-早更新世孢粉组合带及其地质意义[J]. 地球科学—中国地质大学学报, 2010, 35(5):759-773 doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2010.090 CrossRef Google Scholar XU Yadong, ZHANG Kexin, WANG Guocan, et al. Geological Significance of Miocene-Early Pleistocene Palynological Zones in the Gyirong Basin, Southern Tibet [J]. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 2010, 35(5): 759-773. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2010.090 CrossRef Google Scholar
[45]	张志忠, 邹亮, 杨振京, 等. 舟山北部海域DZS2钻孔孢粉记录与古环境[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2015, 35(4):125-132 Google Scholar ZHANG Zhizhong, ZOU Liang, YANG Zhenjing, et al. Sporo-pollen records of borehole DZS2 offshore north Zhoushan islands and palaeo-environmental implications [J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2015, 35(4): 125-132. Google Scholar
[46]	张宗言, 于俊杰, 蒋仁, 等. 江苏省江都市大桥镇ZKA4 钻孔第四纪孢粉组合及其环境变化研究[J]. 微体古生物学报, 2013, 87(1):64-74 Google Scholar ZHANG Zongyan, YU Junjie, JIANG Ren, et al. Palynological assemblages from the borehole ZKA4 at Daqiao town, Jiangdu city, Jiangsu province and their environmental meanings [J]. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 2013, 87(1): 64-74. Google Scholar
[47]	劳金秀, 杨祝良, 于俊杰, 等. 江苏兴化ZK10孔第四纪多重地层研究[J]. 地质通报, 2016, 35(10):1705-1714 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2552.2016.10.018 CrossRef Google Scholar LAO Jinxiu, YANG Zhuliang, YU Junjie, et al. Quaternary multistratigraphic study of Borehole ZK10, Xinghua, Jiangsu Province [J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2016, 35(10): 1705-1714. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2552.2016.10.018 CrossRef Google Scholar
[48]	舒强. 苏北盆地兴化钻孔近3 Ma环境变化记录研究[D]. 南京师范大学博士学位论文, 2004. Google Scholar SHU Qiang. Study on the changes of palaeoenvironment and palaeoclimate during the Past 3 Ma recorded in Xinghua core at Northern Jiangsu Basin[D]. Doctor Dissertation of Nanjing Normal University, 2004. Google Scholar
[49]	向烨. 南通市第四系孢粉组合与气候演化特征[D]. 中国地质大学(北京)硕士学位论文, 2012. Google Scholar XIANG Ye. Sporopollen assemblage and evolution of palaeoclimate in Natong city area since Quaternary[D]. Master Dissertation of China University of Geosciences, 2012. Google Scholar
[50]	宗雯, 肖渊甫, 杨祝良, 等. 太湖地区第四纪孢粉组合特征及其古环境意义[J]. 矿物岩石地球化学通报, 2014, 33(1):38-48 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-2802.2014.01.005 CrossRef Google Scholar ZONG Wen, XIAO Yuanfu, YANG Zhuliang, et al. Characteristics and paleo-environment implication of quaternary sporo-pollen assemblages in theTaihu Lake region [J]. Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry, 2014, 33(1): 38-48. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-2802.2014.01.005 CrossRef Google Scholar
[51]	汪世兰, 徐齐治, 郑秩. 江苏渡村第四纪孢粉组合与古气候[J]. 兰州大学学报: 自然科学版, 1988, 24(S1):94-101 Google Scholar WANG Shilan, XU Qizhi, ZHENG Zhi. Quaternary Sporo-pollen assemblages and paleoclimate of Ducum Jiangsu [J]. Journal of Lanzhou University: Natural Sciences, 1988, 24(S1): 94-101. Google Scholar
[52]	王开发, 张玉兰, 蒋辉, 等. 长江三角洲第四纪孢粉组合及其地层、古地理意义[J]. 海洋学报, 1984, 6(4):65-76 Google Scholar WANG Kaifa, ZHANG Yulan, JIANG Hui, et al. Quaternary sporopollen assemblages in the Yangtze River Delta and their stratigraphic and paleogeographical significance [J]. Acta Oceanologica sinica, 1984, 6(4): 65-76. Google Scholar
[53]	姜立征, 张玉兰, 王开发, 等. 上海地区更新世孢粉组合及其古植被、古气候[J]. 上海地质, 2000, 21(4):34-41 Google Scholar JIANG Lizheng, ZHANG Yulan, WANG Kaifa, et al. Palynological assemblages of pleistocence from Shanghai region and its palaeovegetation and palaeoclimate [J]. Shanghai Geology, 2000, 21(4): 34-41. Google Scholar
[54]	叶兴永. 舟山岛中更新世以来孢粉组合特征及古气候变迁[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2000, 20(3):9-13 Google Scholar YE Xingyong. The anthophyta assemblages and paleoclimate variation of Zhoushan island since Middle Pleistocene [J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2000, 20(3): 9-13. Google Scholar
[55]	肖霞云, 沈吉, 王苏民, 等. 鹤庆深钻孢粉记录揭示的2.78 Ma以来的植被演替与气候变迁[J]. 中国科学: 地球科学, 2007, 37(6):778-788 Google Scholar XIAO Xiayun, SHEN Ji, WANG Sumin, et al. Vegetation succession and climate change in 2.78 Ma revealed by Heqing deep-drilling sporopollen record [J]. Scientia Sinica (Terrae), 2007, 37(6): 778-788. Google Scholar
[56]	童国榜, 张俊牌, 羊向东, 等. 云贵高原晚新生代孢粉植物群与环境变迁[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 1994, 14(3):91-104 Google Scholar TONG Guobang, ZHANG Junpai, YANG Xiangdong, et al. Late cenozoic palynoflora and environment changes in Yunnan-Guizhou plateau [J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 1994, 14(3): 91-104. Google Scholar
[57]	廖先斌. 广东徐闻早更新世古气候变化浅析[J]. 广东地质, 1998(3):32-38 Google Scholar LIAO Xianbin. Preliminary analysis on early Pleistocene paleoclimate variation in Xuwen, Guangdong [J]. Guangdong Geology, 1998(3): 32-38. Google Scholar
[58]	陈芳, 童林芬, 茅绍智. 珠江口盆地第四纪孢粉组合及沉积环境探讨[J]. 地球科学—中国地质大学学报, 1993, 18(2):227-234 Google Scholar CHEN Fang, TONG Linfen, MAO Shaozhi. Quaternary sporopollen assemblages and the environmental research in the Pearl River Mouth Basin [J]. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 1993, 18(2): 227-234. Google Scholar
[59]	彭少麟, 赵平, 任海, 等. 全球变化压力下中国东部样带植被与农业生态系统格局的可能性变化[J]. 地学前缘, 2002, 9(1):217-226 doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1005-2321.2002.01.026 CrossRef Google Scholar PENG Shaolin, ZHAO Ping, REN Hai, et al. The possible heat-driven pattern variation of zonal vegetation and agricultural ecosystems along the north-south transect of China under the global change [J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2002, 9(1): 217-226. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1005-2321.2002.01.026 CrossRef Google Scholar
[60]	唐领余, 毛礼米, 舒军武, 等. 中国第四纪孢粉图鉴[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2016. Google Scholar TANG Lingyu, MAO Limi, SHU Junwu, et al. An Ilistrated Handbook of Quaternary Pollen and Spores in China[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2016. Google Scholar
[61]	Herzschuh U. Palaeo-moisture evolution in monsoonal Central Asia during the last 50,000 years [J]. Quaternary Science Reviews, 2006, 25(1-2): 163-178. doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.02.006 CrossRef Google Scholar
[62]	Chen F H, Yu Z C, Yang M L, et al. Holocene moisture evolution in arid central Asia and its out-of-phase relationship with Asian monsoon history [J]. Quaternary Science Reviews, 2008, 27(3-4): 351-364. doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2007.10.017 CrossRef Google Scholar
[63]	Wang Y B, Liu X Q, Herzschuh U. Asynchronous evolution of the Indian and East Asian Summer Monsoon indicated by Holocene moisture patterns in monsoonal central Asia [J]. Earth-Science Reviews, 2010, 103(3-4): 135-153. doi: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2010.09.004 CrossRef Google Scholar
[64]	Wang Y B, Bekeschus B, Handorf D, et al. Coherent tropical-subtropical Holocene see-saw moisture patterns in the Eastern Hemisphere monsoon systems [J]. Quaternary Science Reviews, 2017, 169: 231-242. doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.06.006 CrossRef Google Scholar
[65]	蒋辉, 王开发, 张玉兰. 松属花粉的形态特征及其研究意义[J]. 植物科学学报, 1986, 4(1):17-26 Google Scholar JIANG Hui, WANG Kaifa, ZHANG Yulan. Morphological character of pinus pollen and its implication [J]. Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research, 1986, 4(1): 17-26. Google Scholar
[66]	张德怀, 孙爱芝, 韩晓丽, 等. 雅鲁藏布江中游松属、冷杉属表土花粉对海拔的指示意义[J]. 山地学报, 2012, 30(4):478-483 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-2786.2012.04.014 CrossRef Google Scholar ZHANG Dehuai, SUN Aizhi, HAN Xiaoli, et al. The instruction significance to altitudes of surface pinus and abies pollen from the middle reaches of Yarlung Zangbo river [J]. Journal of Mountain Science, 2012, 30(4): 478-483. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-2786.2012.04.014 CrossRef Google Scholar
[67]	肖霞云, 童松梅, 沈吉, 等. 云南省玉龙雪山表土花粉垂直散布与植被关系研究[J]. 第四纪研究, 2009, 29(1):80-88 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7410.2009.01.09 CrossRef Google Scholar XIAO Xiayun, TONG Songmei, SHEN Ji, et al. Altitudinal distribution of surface pollen and their relations to modern vegetation in the Yulong Mountains, Yunnan province [J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2009, 29(1): 80-88. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7410.2009.01.09 CrossRef Google Scholar
[68]	李文漪, 姚祖驹. 表土中松属花粉与植物间数量关系的研究[J]. 植物学报, 1990, 32(12):943-950 Google Scholar LI Wenqi, YAO Zuju. A study on the Quantitative relationship between pinus pollen in surface sample and pinus vegetation [J]. Acta Bobanica Sinica, 1990, 32(12): 943-950. Google Scholar
[69]	吕素青, 李月从, 许清海, 等. 陕西中部黄土高原地区空气花粉组成及其与气候因子的关系——以洛川县下黑木沟村为例[J]. 生态学报, 2012, 32(24):7654-7666 doi: 10.5846/stxb201206040810 CrossRef Google Scholar LV Suqing, LI Yuecong, XU Qinghai, et al. Airborne pollen assemblages and their relationships with climate factors in the central Shaanxi Province of the Loess Plateau: a case in Xiaheimugou, Luochuan County [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2012, 32(24): 7654-7666. doi: 10.5846/stxb201206040810 CrossRef Google Scholar
[70]	石宁. 上新世-早更新世云杉属和冷杉属在华北地区的发展及其气候指示意义[J]. 第四纪研究, 1996, 16(4):319-328 doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7410.1996.04.004 CrossRef Google Scholar SHI Ning. Development of spruce and fir in north China during the Pliocene and the early Pleistocene: palaeoclimatic implications [J]. Quaternary Sciences, 1996, 16(4): 319-328. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7410.1996.04.004 CrossRef Google Scholar
[71]	陈之端. 桦木科植物的系统发育和地理分布(续)[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1994, 32(2):101-153 Google Scholar CHEN Zhiduan. Phylogeny and phytogeography of the betulaceae (cont.) [J]. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica, 1994, 32(2): 101-153. Google Scholar
[72]	SUN Xiangjun, WANG Bengyu, SONG Changqing. Pollen-climate response surface analysis of some genus in northern China[J]. Science in China, 1996, 26(5):431-436. Google Scholar
[73]	刘鸿雁, 李宜垠. 半干旱区气候变化和人类活动的孢粉指示[J]. 古生物学报, 2009, 48(2):211-221 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0001-6616.2009.02.010 CrossRef Google Scholar LIU Hongyan, LI Yiyin. Pollen indicators of climate change and human activities in the semi-arid region [J]. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica, 2009, 48(2): 211-221. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0001-6616.2009.02.010 CrossRef Google Scholar
[74]	罗传秀, 潘安定, 郑卓. 西北干旱地区表土孢粉与植被关系研究进展[J]. 干旱区研究, 2006, 23(2):314-319 Google Scholar LUO Chuanxiu, PAN Anding, ZHENG Zhuo. Progresses about the studies on the relationship between topsoil spore-pollen and vegetation in Arid areas of Northwest China [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2006, 23(2): 314-319. Google Scholar
[75]	孙湘君, 杜乃秋, 翁成郁, 等. 新疆玛纳斯湖盆周围近14 000年以来的古植被古环境[J]. 第四纪研究, 1994, 14(3):239-248 doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7410.1994.03.005 CrossRef Google Scholar SUN Xiangjun, DU Naiqiu, WEN Chengyu, et al. Paleovegetation and paleoenvironment of manasi lake, XinJiang, N. W. China during the last 14000 years [J]. Quaternary Sciences, 1994, 14(3): 239-248. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7410.1994.03.005 CrossRef Google Scholar
[76]	Xiao J L, An Z S. Three large shifts in East Asian monsoon circulation indicated by loess–paleosol sequences in China and late Cenozoic deposits in Japan [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 1999, 154(3): 179-189. doi: 10.1016/S0031-0182(99)00110-8 CrossRef Google Scholar
[77]	Herzschuh U, Tarasov P, Wünnemann B, et al. Holocene vegetation and climate of the Alashan Plateau, NW China, reconstructed from pollen data [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2004, 211(1-2): 1-17. doi: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2004.04.001 CrossRef Google Scholar
[78]	Herzschuh U. Reliability of pollen ratios for environmental reconstructions on the Tibetan Plateau [J]. Journal of Biogeography, 2007, 34(7): 1265-1273. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01680.x CrossRef Google Scholar
[79]	李宜垠, 周力平, 崔海亭. 人类活动的孢粉指示体[J]. 科学通报, 2008, 53(9):1281-1293 Google Scholar LI Yigen, ZHOU Liping, CUI Haiting. Pollen indicators of human activity [J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2008, 53(9): 1281-1293. Google Scholar
[80]	Hjelle K L. Modern pollen assemblages from mown and grazed vegetation types in western Norway [J]. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 1999, 107(1-2): 55-81. doi: 10.1016/S0034-6667(99)00015-9 CrossRef Google Scholar
[81]	陈隆勋, 朱乾根, 罗会邦. 东亚季风[M]. 北京: 气象出版社, 1991. Google Scholar CHEN Longxun, ZHU Qiangen, LUO Huibang. East Asian monsoon[M]. Beijing: China Meteorological Press, 1991. Google Scholar
[82]	刘东生, 郑绵平, 郭正堂. 亚洲季风系统的起源和发展及其与两极冰盖和区域构造运动的时代耦合性[J]. 第四纪研究, 1998, 18(3):194-204 doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7410.1998.03.002 CrossRef Google Scholar LIU Dongsheng, ZHENG Mianping, GUO Zhengtang. Initiation and evolytion of the Asian monsoon system timely coupled with the ice-sheet growth and the tectonic movements in Asia [J]. Quaternary Sciences, 1998, 18(3): 194-204. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7410.1998.03.002 CrossRef Google Scholar
[83]	Rea D K, Snoeckx H, Joseph L H. Late Cenozoic eolian deposition in the North Pacific: Asian drying, Tibetan uplift, and cooling of the Northern Hemisphere [J]. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 1998, 13(3): 215-224. Google Scholar
[84]	Ding Z L, Derbyshire E, Yang S L, et al. Stepwise expansion of desert environment across northern China in the past 3.5 Ma and implications for monsoon evolution [J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2005, 237(1-2): 45-55. doi: 10.1016/j.jpgl.2005.06.036 CrossRef Google Scholar
[85]	向明菊, 史继扬. 氨基酸分析结果与第四纪气候旋回[J]. 第四纪研究, 1991, 11(3):213-220 doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7410.1991.03.003 CrossRef Google Scholar XIANG Mingju, SHI Jiyang. Quaternary climate cycles and amino acids data [J]. Quaternary Sciences, 1991, 11(3): 213-220. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7410.1991.03.003 CrossRef Google Scholar
[86]	郑绵平, 赵元艺, 刘俊英. 第四纪盐湖沉积与古气候[J]. 第四纪研究, 1998, 18(4):297-307 doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7410.1998.04.002 CrossRef Google Scholar ZHENG Mianping, ZHAO Yuanyi, LIU Junying. Quaternary saline lake deposition and paleoclimate [J]. Quaternary Sciences, 1998, 18(4): 297-307. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7410.1998.04.002 CrossRef Google Scholar
[87]	李吉均. 青藏高原的地貌演化与亚洲季风[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 1999,19(1):1-12 Google Scholar LI Jijun. Studies on the geomorphological evolution of the Qinghai-Xizang(Tibetan) plateau and Asian monsoon [J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 1999,19(1): 1-12. Google Scholar
[88]	Jin Z D, Bickle M J, Chapman H J, et al. Early to mid-Pleistocene ostracod δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C in the central Tibetan Plateau: Implication for Indian monsoon change [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2009, 280(3-4): 406-414. doi: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.06.028 CrossRef Google Scholar
[89]	An Z S, Liu T, Lu Y C, et al. The long-term paleomonsoon variation recorded by the loess-paleosol sequence in Central China [J]. Quaternary International, 1990, 7-8: 91-95. doi: 10.1016/1040-6182(90)90042-3 CrossRef Google Scholar
[90]	安芷生, 吴锡浩, 汪品先, 等. 最近130 ka中国的古季风——Ⅱ. 古季风变迁[J]. 中国科学 B辑, 1991, 21(11):1209 Google Scholar AN Zhisheng, WU Xihao, WANG Pinxian, et al. The ancient monsoon of China in the last 130 ka-Ⅱ. the change of the ancient monsoon [J]. Scientia Sinica(Chimica), 1991, 21(11): 1209. Google Scholar
[91]	汪品先. 新生代亚洲形变与海陆相互作用[J]. 地球科学—中国地质大学学报, 2005, 30(1):1-18 Google Scholar WANG Pinxian. Cenozoic deformation and history of Sea-Land interactions in Asia [J]. Earth Science——Journal of China University of Geosciences, 2005, 30(1): 1-18. Google Scholar