Chemical Speciation and Environmental Risk of Cd in Soil Stabilized with Alkali-modified Attapulgite

TAO Ling; TONG Yun-long; YU Fang-ke; YANG Wan-hui; WANG Yi-rong; WANG Li; REN Jun

doi:10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.202108270108

2022 Vol. 41, No. 1

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TAO Ling, TONG Yun-long, YU Fang-ke, YANG Wan-hui, WANG Yi-rong, WANG Li, REN Jun. Chemical Speciation and Environmental Risk of Cd in Soil Stabilized with Alkali-modified Attapulgite[J]. Rock and Mineral Analysis, 2022, 41(1): 109-119. doi: 10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.202108270108

Citation:

TAO Ling, TONG Yun-long, YU Fang-ke, YANG Wan-hui, WANG Yi-rong, WANG Li, REN Jun. Chemical Speciation and Environmental Risk of Cd in Soil Stabilized with Alkali-modified Attapulgite[J]. Rock and Mineral Analysis, 2022, 41(1): 109-119. doi: 10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.202108270108

Chemical Speciation and Environmental Risk of Cd in Soil Stabilized with Alkali-modified Attapulgite

1.
Key Laboratory of Yellow River Water Environment in Gansu Province, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
2.
School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
3.
Gansu Hanxing Environmental Protection Co., Ltd., Lanzhou 730070, China
4.
School of Environmental and Science Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China

More Information

Corresponding author: REN Jun, renjun@mail.lzjtu.cn

Received Date: 27 August 2021

Revised Date: 10 November 2021

Accepted Date: 08 December 2021

Publish Date: 28 January 2022

Abstract

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Heavy metal pollution in soil has been a serious threat to human health and ecological environmental safety. Stabilization remediation has become an important means of remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil due to the high efficiency and low cost. Attapulgite modified by alkali with an improved performance, provides an important basis for its stabilization and remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil.
OBJECTIVES
To analyze the changes in physical and chemical properties of attapulgite before and after modification, and to study the effects of attapulgite modified by NaOH on the chemical speciation changes and environmental risks of Cd in contaminated soil, and to explore the stabilization effects of attapulgite modified by NaOH on Cd in the soil.
METHODS
Different proportions of NaOH were used to modify attapulgite. The surface characteristics, crystal structure and functional groups of the materials were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Stabilization experiments were carried out on artificially prepared heavy metal Cd contaminated soil to study the effects of NaOH-modified attapulgite on the changes of chemical speciation of Cd and environmental risks in contaminated soil.
RESULTS
By adding the modified material with the mass ratio of NaOH to attapulgite of 1:2, the pH value of the soil was significantly increased by 0.85 units. The exchangeable Cd content decreased by 46.28% and the residual Cd content increased by 1.98 times. The risk assessment code (RAC) and potential risk index (PRI) of Cd in soil decreased the most from 36.70% and 207.90 to 20.08% and 86.40, respectively, which effectively reduced the transfer capacity and environmental risk of Cd in soil. According to SEM, XRD and FTIR analyses, after modification, the surface roughness of attapulgite increased, chemical bonds such as Si-O-Si bonds were opened, so active sites for adsorption of heavy metals increased. Attapulgite modified by alkali immobilized Cd mainly through adsorption, and the reaction of silanol and hydroxide with Cd²⁺ generated precipitate, so as to achieve the effect of stabilizing and repairing Cd contaminated soil.
CONCLUSIONS
Alkali-modified attapulgite can effectively stabilize Cd in soil, which has a significant application prospect in remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil.
- attapulgite /
- alkali modification /
- cadmium /
- chemical speciations /
- environmental risk /
- scanning electron microscopy /
- X-ray diffraction /
- Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

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References

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