Citation: | YU Tao, JIANG Tianyu, LIU Xu, MA Xudong, YANG Zhongfang, HOU Qingye, XIA Xueqi, LI Fengyan. 2021. Research progress in current status of soil heavy metal pollution and analysis technology[J]. Geology in China, 48(2): 460-476. doi: 10.12029/gc20210208 |
Soil heavy metal pollution is currently the most prominent soil environmental pollution problem in China. The total national soil pollution exceedance rate is 16.1%, mainly heavy metal pollution, including cadmium point exceedance rate of 7%, which is threatening on the food security. We introduced the status of soil heavy metal pollution, sorted the traditional and emerging methods and technologies of soil heavy metal pollution detection and analysis, and described the technical trends such as the detection of heavy metals at the molecular level and the application of biosensing technology to the detection of heavy metals. Considering the complexity of the soil system, the focus of future development should be to achieve the intersection of geoscience, chemistry, and biology, strengthen the theoretical research on the bioavailability of heavy metals, form a biological effectiveness analysis and detection indicators for soil heavy metals pollution, and make the evaluation method scientific, standardized, and unified. Make further efforts to promote integration of national heavy metals analysis standards with international standards.
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Scheme of seven-step sequential extraction method for cadmium speciation determination
Comparison of different sequential extraction methods (SPEs)
Scheme of DGT technology (after Li Cai et al., 2018)
Relationships between plant and soil Cd contents (after Dai et al., 2017)
Comparison of the extractable rate(a)and bioconcentration coefficient (b)of soil Cd in the high background area of karst area and the non-high background area (after Wen et al., 2020)
Correlations between the bioconcentration coefficient and extractable rate of soil Cd in the high background area of karst area (after Wen et al., 2020)
Comparison of different extraction methods (Data source from Ma et al., 2020)
Application of XAFS method for heavy metal speciation determination (modified from Gankhurel et al., 2020)
Elemental maps of longitudinal (A) and latitudinal (B) sections of rice grain(after Meng et al., 2014)