Citation: | PENG Jun, BAI Desheng, QI Dong, LIANG Yong'an, CHU Mingchun. 2023. Metallogenic characteristics and genesis of typical gold deposits in Victoria Lake gold field in Tanzania. Geological Bulletin of China, 42(8): 1377-1389. doi: 10.12097/j.issn.1671-2552.2023.08.010 |
The Victoria Lake gold field has experienced complex structural deformation, magmatic activity and mineralization evolution, forming rich gold resources.Based on the study of geological features of typical gold deposits, source of ore-forming fluid and ore-forming age of the Victoria Lake gold field in Tanzania, this paper explores the genesis of the deposit and the gold precipitation mechanism.The gold deposits are mainly hosted in the stratigraphic units of the greenstone belt, and the ore bearing structures are mainly ductile-brittle shear zones with roughly the same strike as the greenstone belt.The homogenization temperature range of H2O-CO2 fluid inclusions in gold ores is mainly 300~400℃, and the salinity range is 14%~22%.The ore-forming fluid belongs to medium-high temperature and high salinity fluid; The source of ore-forming fluid is mainly magmatic water, and part of metamorphic hydrothermal fluid also participates in the ore-forming process.The mineralization age of the Lake Victoria gold deposit in Tanzania is 2700~2620 Ma, which is Archean; The deposit type is a medium-high temperature hydrothermal gold deposit controlled by shear belt.The above research progress is of certain theoretical guiding significance for the prospecting and exploration of gold deposits in the greenstone belt of Africa.
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Distribution of greenstone belt and main gold deposits in Victoria Lake gold field
Geological map of Nyankanga gold deposit
Geological map(a) and vein profile(b) of Bulyanhulu gold deposit
Geological map of Mwamola gold mine area and surrounding areas
Geological sketch map of the Nyasirori gold deposit
Micrograph of fluid inclusion
Histogram of homogenization temperature in sample
Hydrogen and oxygen isotopic compositionof water in fluid inclusions in the typical gold deposits of Lake Victoria greenstone belt
Sulfide δ34S histogram of typical gold deposits in the Lake Victoria greenstone belt