| Citation: |
Xue-peng Duan, Fan-cong Meng, Zong-qi Wang, Xiao-fei Yu, 2024. Metallogenic characteristics of Shitoukengde intrusion and its implications for Ni-Co-(Cu) sulfide mineralization in East Kunlun, China Geology, 7, 714-729. doi: 10.31035/cg2023070
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Metallogenic characteristics of Shitoukengde intrusion and its implications for Ni-Co-(Cu) sulfide mineralization in East Kunlun
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Abstract
Xiarihamu deposit is the only super-large Ni-Co deposit found in East Kunlun orogenic belt (EKOB) until present. Shitoukengde (STKD) intrusion is considered to have the potential to become a large Ni-Co deposit in East Kunlun. In order to discuss the metallogenic potential, this study present petrographical, geochemical data, and zircon U-Pb dating for the STKD intrusion. The STKD intrusion is hosted within mafic-ultramafic rocks which contain peridotite, pyroxenite and gabbro, and mainly intruded into the marble of the Paleoproterozoic Jinshuikou Group. Harzburgite and orthopyroxenite are the main country rocks for the Cu-Ni sulfide mineralization. Combine with the positive εHf(t) values (+1.1 to +8.6) of zircons, the enrichment of LILEs, depletion of HFSEs, and lower Ce/Pb ratios of whole rocks indicate that the parental magma was originated from the depleted asthenospheric mantle and experienced 5%–15% crustal contamination. Troctolite formed during the Early Devonian and it has weighted mean 206Pb/238U age of 412 Ma. Regional background information has indicated that the post-collisional extension setting has already existed during the Early Devonian, leading to the formation of STKD intrusion and Cu-Ni sulfide mineralization. STKD intrusion may have the potential to be one economic Cu-Ni sulfide deposit but seems unlikely to be a super-large one.
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Xue-peng Duan, Fan-cong Meng, Zong-qi Wang, Xiao-fei Yu, 2024. Metallogenic characteristics of Shitoukengde intrusion and its implications for Ni-Co-(Cu) sulfide mineralization in East Kunlun, China Geology, 7, 714-729. doi: 10.31035/cg2023070
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Figure 1.
Geological sketch map of the Altyn–Qilian–North Qaidam orogenic system in the northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (modified from Zhang JX et al., 2015). CAOB–Central Asian Orogenic Belt; NQL–North Qilian subduction-accretion complex belt; QLB–Qilian Block; NQD–North Qaidam subduction-collision complex; WQOB–West Qingling Orogenic Belt; NAT–North Altyn subduction-accretion complex belt; CAB–Central Altyn Block; SAT–South Altyn subduction-collision complex; NEKT–North East Kunlun Terrane; CEKF–Central East Kunlun Fault; SEKT–South East Kunlun Terrane; BY-SG–Bayan Har-Songpan-Ganzi Terrane; QT–Qiangtang Terrane; LS–Lhasa Terrane; HM–Himalaya Terrane; SWKT–South West Kunlun Terrane; NWKT–North West Kunlun Terrane.
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Figure 2.
a–Sketch geological map of the STKD intrusion (modified from Zhou W et al., 2016); b–map and cross sections of the STKD intrusion.
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Figure 3.
Outcrop of the STKD intrusion. a–outcrop of mafic-ultramafic rocks; b–intrusive contact relationship between mafic-ultramafic rocks and marble Outcrop of mafic-ultramafic rocks; c–intrusive irregular shape gabbro rocks in marble of Jinshuikou Group; d–gradational relationship between orthopyroxenite and troctolite.
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Figure 4.
Microphotographs of mafic-ultramafic rocks and ores in the STKD intrusion.
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Figure 5.
CL images of zircons from troctolite in the STKD intrusion.
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Figure 6.
Zircons U-Pb concordia diagram and weighted average ages diagram for troctolite.
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Figure 7.
a–AFM diagram of STKD intrusion (Coleman RG, 1977); b–SiO2-TFeO/MgO diagram of STKD intrusion (Miyashiro A, 1974).
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Figure 8.
a–Chondrite-normalized REE patterns of the STKD intrusion; b–primitive mantle-normalized element spider diagram of the STKD intrusion (The primitive mantle and chondrite data are from Sun SS and McDonough WF (1989). Data of gabbro, pyroxenite and peridotite from XRHM (XRHM) are from Wang G et al.(2014) and Jiang CY et al.(2015).
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Figure 9.
Zircon Hf isotopic features for gabbro in STKD intrusion. Gabbro and Ol-websterite data are from Jia LH et al. (2021). XRHM (Xiarihmau) mafic-ultramafic rocks data are from Wang G et al. (2014) and Jiang CY et al. (2015).
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Figure 10.
Plots of selected trace elements for checking contamination of STKD intrusion. XRHM mafic-ultramafic rocks data are from Wang G et al. (2014) and Jiang CY et al. (2015).
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Figure 11.
Nb/Yb vs. Th/Yb(a), Th/Nb vs. Ba/Th(b), Th/Zr vs. Nb/Zr(c) diagrams of the STKD intrusion (a after Pearce JA, 2008; b after Hanyu T et al., 2006; c after Woodhead JD et al., 2001). The legends and data sources are consistent with Fig. 9.