| Citation: |
Viktor Antipin, Valentina Makrygina, Larisa Kushch, Nataliya Sheptyakova, 2024. Age and geochemical evolution of granite magmatism in Olkhon region from Caledonian syncollisional ore-free granite to the rare metal granite and pegmatite of Middle Paleozoic intraplate setting, China Geology, 7, 63-79. doi: 10.31035/cg2023040
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Age and geochemical evolution of granite magmatism in Olkhon region from Caledonian syncollisional ore-free granite to the rare metal granite and pegmatite of Middle Paleozoic intraplate setting
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Abstract
The detailed description of two granite complexes in the Olkhon subterrane is given. The Early Paleozoic Sharanur complex was formed by granitization of gneisses of the Olkhon series. It includes migmatites, granite-gneisses, granites and pegmatites of normal alkalinity; they belong to the type of syncollisional granites. The Middle Paleozoic Aya granite complex includes mother Aya massif of amazonite-bearing granites and several types of rare-metal pegmatites. They have elevated alkalinity, low of Ba, Sr, and high LILE and HFSE elements contents. The Aya pegmatites lie in northwest cracks of stretching and associated with the rise of the territory under the influence of the North Asian plume. These cracks and pegmatites mark the beginning of a new intraplate geodynamic setting. Two geochemical types are distinguished among the pegmatites of this complex. These are amazonite pegmatites of Li-F type with Ta mineralization and complex type pegmatite with Be-Rb-Nb-Ta and Li-F mineralization (the Ilixin vein). The Tashkiney pegmatite vein is similar to Ilixin, but lies in the gneisses of the Olkhon series. It shows high concentrations of Be, Nb, Ta, as well as W, Sn, but lacks Li and F, due to a greater depth and higher temperature of the melt crystallization of this pegmatite.
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References
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Viktor Antipin, Valentina Makrygina, Larisa Kushch, Nataliya Sheptyakova, 2024. Age and geochemical evolution of granite magmatism in Olkhon region from Caledonian syncollisional ore-free granite to the rare metal granite and pegmatite of Middle Paleozoic intraplate setting, China Geology, 7, 63-79. doi: 10.31035/cg2023040
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Figure 1.
Geological map of the Olkhon region (Fedorovsky, 2004, with additions by the authors). 1–gabbro, diorites, granodiorite, Khaidai complex; 2–gabbro, Ozersky complex; 3– granite; 4–granite-gneisses and migmatites, Sharanur complex; 5–dolomite marbles and volcano-terrigenous rocks (Anga series); 6–calcite marbles, gneisses, amphibolites, quartzites (Olkhon series); 7–shear zones. γPR2 - porphiritic granites of the Primorsky complex, PR2hr - Khargituisky stratum. Pegmatite dykes NNW striking: 1, Iliksin; 2–Naryn-Kunta; 3–Aya; 4–Ulan-Nur; 5–Tashkiney. The objects of the study are shown as ovals out of scale. Inset shows: 1–northern part of CAOB, 2–the location of the Olkhon region.
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Figure 2.
The outcrops photo of migmatite (a), granite-gneisse (b) and melted biotite granite (c) of the Sharanur granite-gneisses dome near Lake Sharanur on the Olkhon Island.
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Figure 3.
K2O vs. Na2O for the Sharanur and Anga complex granitic rocks and pegmatites of various types in the Olkhon region.
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Figure 4.
Field photographs of Aya massif (b), the outcrop (a) and sample of middle-sized biotite granite (c) and back-scattered electron images of zircon (d) from Aya pegmatite.
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Figure 5.
Geological Map of Aya massif by (Ivanov AN, Shmakin BM, 1980) with additions by the authors. 1-2–Quaternary alluvial and deluvial deposits; 3–marble; 4–amphibolite, Anga series, PZ2; 5–biotite granite, 1 phase; 6–granite 2 phase, with muscovite and fluorite; 7–granite 3 phase, with rare metal minerals; 8–amazonite pegmatite; 9–quartz vein; 10–faults.
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Figure 6.
Concordia diagrams for zircons from Aya amazonite pegmatites (a, b) and from the Southern Iliksin pegmatite (sample PR-617) (c) and Northern Iliksin rare-metal pegmatite (sample PR-616) (d).
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Figure 7.
Vertical section of the Iliksin pegmatite vein in gabbro of the Bugul ’deyka massif.
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Figure 8.
A. Schematic geological structure of the Tashkiney pegmatite with Be-mineralization:
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Figure 9.
U–Pb concordia diagram for zircons from the Tashkiney coarse-grained rare-metal pegmatites with Be-mineralization (sample shrn-137), U-Pb ID-TIMS method.
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Figure 10.
A satellite image of the Olkhon region. The direction of the Middle Paleozoic fracturing is shown by red lines: from west to east, the 1st crack is made of medium-grained granite, the 3nd one is made of rare-metal pegmatite of Tashkiney.
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Figure 11.
Correlation diagrams of rare elements ratios in the granite and pegmatite Sharanur and Aya complexes.
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Figure 12.
Spider diagrams of the distribution of rare (a) and rare-earth elements (b) in Sharanur granitic rocks and in the Aya complex of amazonite granite and rare-metal pegmatites. 1–rare metal pegmatites with Be-mineralization, Tashkiney; 2–Southern Iliksin pegmatites; 3–Nothern Iliksin rare metal pegmatite; 4–Aya pegmatite; 5–Ulan-Nur pegmatite; 6–average composition of the Sharanur granite (grey field in the diagram). All element contents are normalized to the average composition of the continental crust (Rudnick RL et al., 2003) (Fig. 12a); LC– compositions of the lower continental crust, UC–upper continental crust. The contents of rare-earth elements (REE) (Fig. 12b) are normalized to chondrite composition (C1) (McDonough WF et al., 1995).
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Figure 13.
Geotectonic discrimination diagrams for the granite and pegmatites of Sharanur and Aya complexes, Olkhon region: a, Rb-(Y+Nb); b, Rb-(Yb+Ta), according to Pearce J.A. (Pearce JA et al., 1984; Pearce JA, 1996). 1, rare-metal pegmatites with Be-mineralization, Tashkiney; 2, Iliksin South pegmatites; 3, Iliksin North pegmatites; 4, Ayа pegmatites; 5, Ulan-Nur pegmatites; 6, schlieren pegmatites of the Sharanur complex; 7, K-granites and leucogranites, Sharanur complex. Abbreviations: syn-COLG - syncollision granites, ORG - ocean ridge granites, VAG- volcanic arc granites, WPG - intraplate granites. Fields on diagrams a and b (highlighted by an oval): rare-metal pegmatites.