| Citation: |
Yin Chen, Jian-guo Li, Lu-lu Chen, Hua-lei Zhao, 2025. Mesozoic multi-direction collision tectonic evolution of the Ordos Basin, China: Insights from the detrital zircon and apatite (U-Th)/He analyses, China Geology, 8, 141-158. doi: 10.31035/cg20230068
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Mesozoic multi-direction collision tectonic evolution of the Ordos Basin, China: Insights from the detrital zircon and apatite (U-Th)/He analyses
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Abstract
The Ordos Basin (OB) in the western part of the North China Craton (NCC), was located at the jointed area of multi-plates and has recorded the Mesozoic tectonic characteristics. Its tectonic evolution in the Mesozoic is significant to understand the tectonic transformation of the northern margin of the NCC. In this work, the detrital zircon and apatite (U-Th)/He chronological system were analyzed in the northern part of the OB, and have provided new evidence for the regional tectonic evolution. The (U-Th)/He chronological data states the weighted ages of 240‒235 Ma, 141 Ma with the peak distribution of 244 Ma, 219 Ma, 173 Ma, 147‒132 Ma. The thermal evolution, geochronological data, and regional unconformities have proved four stages of regional tectonic evolution for the OB and its surroundings in the Mesozoic: (1) The Late Permian-Early Triassic; (2) the Late Triassic-Early Jurassic; (3) the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous; (4) the Late Cretaceous-Early Paleogene. It is indicated that the multi-directional convergence from the surrounding tectonic units has controlled the Mesozoic tectonic evolution of the OB. Four-stage tectonic evolution reflected the activation or end of different plate movements and provided new time constraints for the regional tectonic evolution of the NCC in the Mesozoic.
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Yin Chen, Jian-guo Li, Lu-lu Chen, Hua-lei Zhao, 2025. Mesozoic multi-direction collision tectonic evolution of the Ordos Basin, China: Insights from the detrital zircon and apatite (U-Th)/He analyses, China Geology, 8, 141-158. doi: 10.31035/cg20230068
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Figure 1.
Regional location (a), geological map of the Ordos Basin (b), and the Mesozoic-Cenozoic stratigraphic column (c). A–B and C–D are the locations of the profiles in Fig. 2. The red pentagrams are the locations of samples. The ages of Zijinshan intrusions from Chen G et al., 2012, and the ages of Heshitougou basalt are from Zou HP et al., 2008.
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Figure 2.
Geological profile of the northern part of the OB and the YOB (a) and the seismic profile of the Boerjianghaizi fault in the northern part of the OB (b) (the seismic section was modified from Yang MH et al., 2013).
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Figure 3.
Geological unconformities among the successions in the northern part of OB. a–Unconformity between the Carboniferous (C) and Triassic (T) in the northeast of the Dongsheng, Inner Mongolia; b‒unconformity between the Triassic Yanchang Formation (T3y) and Jurassic Yan’an Formation (J1-2y) in the northeast of the Dongsheng; c‒unconformity between the Triassic Yanchang Formation (T3y) and Jurassic Yan’an Formation (J1-2y) and the paleo crust of weathering in the northeast of the Dongsheng; d, e‒unconformity between the Triassic Ermaying Formation (T2e) and the Cretaceous Zhidan Group (K1z) in the northeast of the Dongsheng; f, g‒unconformity between the Jurassic Zhiluo Formation (J2z) and the Cretaceous Zhidan Group (K1z) in the northeast of the Dongsheng; h‒unconformity between the Jurassic Anding Formation (J2a) and the Cretaceous Zhidan Group (K1z) in the northeast of the Yuling, Shaanxi; i‒unconformity between the Lower Cretaceous Zhidan Group (K1z) and the Neogene (N) in the north of the Dongsheng.
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Figure 4.
Microscope photos of zircon and apatite selected for the (U-Th)/He dating (a), plots of corrected ZHe and AHe age versus effective uranium content (eU) (b) and equivalent sphere radius (SR) (c).
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Figure 5.
Thermal history modeling results by using HeFTy. The purple and green curves represent the “good” and “acceptable” paths, and the bold black curves represent the best-fit paths. AHe partial retention zone (PRZ) ranges from 40°C to 85°C; while ZHe PRZ from 130°C to 210°C. The red boxes are the constraint conditions for thermal modeling.
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Figure 6.
Simulated thermal evolution history in the northern part of OB (left; modified from Ren ZL et al., 2006) and the highest paleo-temperature vs. depth in the Yimeng uplift (right; modified from Yu Q and Ren ZL, 2008).
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Figure 7.
Thermal chronological data in the northern part of OB and its surroundings. Colors of the ages represent different stages of the tectonic evolution. The brown color is for the period of Late Permian-Early Triassic. The blue color is for the period of the Late Triassic-Early Jurassic. The green color is for the period of the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous. The orange color is for the period of the Late Cretaceous-Early Paleogene (Wu ZH, 2003; Liu WS et al., 2008; Sun JB, 2008; Zhang JJ et al., 2009; Ding C, 2010; Davis GA and Darby BJ, 2010; Liu JH et al., 2010; Guo L et al., 2012; Qiao JX, 2013; Cao XZ, 2014; Liu J et al., 2014; Lu YP et al., 2015; Ren XM et al., 2015; Huang ZG et al., 2016; Zhang WL, 2016; Zhao XC et al., 2016; Xu QQ et al., 2017; Yang XC, 2018; Li B, 2019; Ma XJ et al., 2019; Wang JQ et al., 2020; Feng LX et al., 2021; Guo XQ, 2022).
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Figure 8.
Probability of chronological data in the northern part of OB and its surroundings (please see the references in Fig. 7 for the data sources).
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Figure 9.
Geochronological data distribution patterns in the northern part of OB and the YOB. a‒the AHe and ZHe data in this work; b‒detrital zircon U-Pb data from the Jurassic Zhiluo formation and Zhidan Group (Stevens T et al., 2013; Chen Y et al., 2017) and intrusion Zircon U-Pb data from the YOB (Guo L et al., 2012); c‒mineralization age in the YOB (Zhang HT et al.,1999; Nie FJ et al., 2002, 2005; Liu YF et al., 2011; Zhang YM et al., 2011; Zhang RR, 2015; Li ZD et al., 2020; Wu HH et al., 2020; Zhang HD et al., 2021, and references therein).
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Figure 10.
t-T cooling patterns in the northern part of OB and the YOB (see Fig. 7 for the data sources).
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Figure 11.
Regional evolution of the OB and NCC in the Mesozoic and the multi-direction collision.