| Citation: |
Hong-wei Sun, Jun-ping Ren, Jie Wang, A-lei Gu, Xing-yuan Wu, Fu-qing He, Li-bo Zuo, Chipilauka Mukofu, Alphet Phaskani Dokowe, Ezekiah Chikambwe, Zi-jiang Liu, Shi Xing, 2021. Age and geochemistry of the granitoid from the Lunte area, Northeastern Zambia: Implications for magmatism of the Columbia supercontinent, China Geology, 4, 658-672. doi: 10.31035/cg2021048
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Age and geochemistry of the granitoid from the Lunte area, Northeastern Zambia: Implications for magmatism of the Columbia supercontinent
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Abstract
The Paleoproterozoic tectonic evolution of the Bangweulu Block has long been controversial. Paleoproterozoic granites consisting of the basement complex of the Bangweulu Block are widely exposed in northeastern Zambia, and they are the critical media for studying the tectonic evolution of the Bangweulu Block. This study systematically investigated the petrography, zircon U-Pb chronology, and petrogeochemistry of the granitoid extensively exposed in the Lunte area, northeastern Zambia. The results show that the granitoid in the area formed during 2051±13–2009±20 Ma as a result of Paleoproterozoic magmatic events. Geochemical data show that the granites in the area mainly include syenogranites and monzogranites of high-K calc-alkaline series and are characterized by high SiO2 content (72.68%‒73.78%) and K2O/Na2O ratio (1.82‒2.29). The presence of garnets, the high aluminum saturation index (A/CNK is 1.13‒1.21), and the 1.27%‒1.95% of corundum molecules jointly indicate that granites in the Lunte area are S-type granites. Rare earth elements in all samples show a rightward inclination and noticeably negative Eu-anomalies (δEu = 0.16‒0.40) and are relatively rich in light rare earth elements. Furthermore, the granites are rich in large ion lithophile elements such as Rb, Th, U, and K and are depleted in Ba, Sr, and high field strength elements such as Ta and Nb. In addition, they bear low contents of Cr (6.31×10−6‒10.8×10−6), Ni (2.87×10−6‒4.76×10−6), and Co (2.62×10−6‒3.96×10−6). These data lead to the conclusion that the source rocks are meta-sedimentary rocks. Combining the above results and the study of regional tectonic evolution, the authors suggest that granitoid in the Lunte area were formed in a tectonic environment corresponding to the collision between the Tanzania Craton and the Bangweulu Block. The magmatic activities in this period may be related to the assembly of the Columbia supercontinent.
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References
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Hong-wei Sun, Jun-ping Ren, Jie Wang, A-lei Gu, Xing-yuan Wu, Fu-qing He, Li-bo Zuo, Chipilauka Mukofu, Alphet Phaskani Dokowe, Ezekiah Chikambwe, Zi-jiang Liu, Shi Xing, 2021. Age and geochemistry of the granitoid from the Lunte area, Northeastern Zambia: Implications for magmatism of the Columbia supercontinent, China Geology, 4, 658-672. doi: 10.31035/cg2021048
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Figure 1.
Tectonic map (a, modified from De Waele B et al., 2008), location map (b) and regional geological map (c) of the Lunte area in northeastern Zambia.
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Figure 2.
Hand specimen (a‒D3052, c‒D4353, e‒YPM078, g‒YPM075) and photomicrographs (b‒D3052, d‒D4353, f‒YPM078, h‒YPM075; crossed nicols) of granites from the Lunte area in northeastern Zambia. Q‒quartz, Pl‒plagioclase, Bt‒biotite, Pth‒perthite, Kfs‒K-feldspar, Phl‒phlogopite, Mc‒microcline, Grt‒garnet.
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Figure 3.
Cathodoluminescence (CL) images and analytical spots of zircons from granites in the Lunte area in northeastern Zambia.
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Figure 4.
Zircon LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb concordia diagrams for granites from the Lunte area in northeastern Zambia.
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Figure 5.
TAS diagram (a, after Irvine TH and Baragar WR, 1971) and K2O-SiO2 diagram (b, after Rollinson HR, 1993) of granites from the Lunte area in northeastern Zambia. 1‒foidolite, 2‒foid syenite, 3‒foid monzosyenite, 4‒syenite, 5‒foid monzodiorite, 6‒monzonite, 7‒foid gabbro, 8‒monzogabbro, 9‒monzodiorite, 10‒quartz monzonite, 11‒granite, 12‒peridotgabbro, 13‒gabbro, 14‒gabbroic diorite, 15‒diorite, 16‒granodiorite.
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Figure 6.
A/NK vs. A/CNK diagram of granites from the Lunte area in northeastern Zambia (after Maniar PD and Piccoli PM, 1989; data of the Kapatu area from Gu AL et al., 2021).
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Figure 7.
Chondrite-normalized REE element patterns (a) and primitive mantle-normalized trace element spidergram (b) of granites from the Lunte area in northeastern Zambia (chondrite and primitive mantle normalizing values from Sun SS and McDonough WF, 1989, crust contents after Taylor SR and McLennan SM, 1985).
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Figure 8.
10000×Ga/Al vs. Nb (a, modified from Whalen JB et al., 1987), Al2O3-(K2O+Na2O) vs. CaO‒TFeO+MgO (b, modified from White AKR and Chappell BW, 1977), Rb vs. Th (c) and Rb‒Y (d; c and d after Chappell BW and White AJR, 1999) diagrams of granites from the Lunte area in northeastern Zambia (data of the Kapatu from Gu AL et al., 2021).
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Figure 9.
A/MF vs. C/MF diagram (a) and Rb/Ba vs. Rb/Sr diagram (b) of granites from the Lunte area in northeastern Zambia (a, after Altherr R et al., 2000; b, after Sylvester PJ, 1998; data of the Kapatu area are quoted from Gu AL et al., 2021).
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Figure 10.
R1 vs. R2 diagram (a) and Rb vs. (Y+Nb) diagram (b) of granites from the Lunte area in northeastern Zambia (a, after Batchelor RA and Bowden P, 1985; b, after Pearce JA et al., 1984; data of the Kapatu area from Gu AL et al., 2021).