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a‒Geological sketch map of the Kuqa depression, Southern Tianshan, China, FTB‒fold and thrust belt; b‒simplified geological map of the northern part of the Kuqa depression, Fm.‒Formation; c‒simplified sedimentary sequences of the northern part of the Kuqa depression; d‒cross-section A-B in the northern part of the Kuqa depression. The strata color and strata filling lithology in the section correspond to Fig. 1b and Fig. 1c, respectively; e‒the concordia and weighted average age plots of the four youngest ages of sample KCQ71-2; f‒typical outcrops of the Kelamayi growth strata, GS‒growth strata; g‒monopolariscope photograph of sample KCQ71-2, and the white dotted lines represent tuff and volcanic components.