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2021 Vol. 41, No. 5
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MA Xiaoli, LIU Lihua, XU Xing, JIN Guangrong, WEI Xueqin, ZHAI Mengyue. Pore water geochemistry of shallow surface sediments in the southern South China Sea and its implications for methane seepage activities[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2021, 41(5): 112-125. doi: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2020123101
Citation: MA Xiaoli, LIU Lihua, XU Xing, JIN Guangrong, WEI Xueqin, ZHAI Mengyue. Pore water geochemistry of shallow surface sediments in the southern South China Sea and its implications for methane seepage activities[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2021, 41(5): 112-125. doi: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2020123101
shu

Pore water geochemistry of shallow surface sediments in the southern South China Sea and its implications for methane seepage activities

  • 1.

    Key Laboratory of Gas Hydrate, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China

  • 2.

    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

  • 3.

    Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, Guangzhou 510760, China

  • 4.

    School of Ocean Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China

More Information
Received Date:  31 December 2020
Revised Date:  07 March 2021
Publish Date:  28 October 2021
    Abstract

  • The geochemical characteristics of pore water in seabed sediments may quickly respond to the changes in the methane seepage and related biogeochemical processes. In this paper, methane, DIC and its carbon isotope value (δ13CDIC), anions (SO42−, Cl−), major and trace elements (Ca2+, Mg2+, Sr2+, Ba2+) are analyzed for the pore water samples (BH-H75, BH-H13Y and BH-H61) collected from the Beikang Basin in the southern SCS. The (△DIC+△Ca2++△Mg2+)/△SO42− ratios and δ13CDIC show that organoclastic sulfate reduction (OSR) and sulfate-driven anaerobic oxidation of methane (SD-AOM) vary from different columns. For the column of BH-H13Y, OSR and SD-AOM occur together. However, OSR is dominant in column BH-H75, while SD-AOM dominates the BH-H61 column. There may be microbial methanogenesis at the deeper layer in the BH-H61 column. Based on the linear fitting sulfate concentrations, the sulfate-methane transition zone (SMTZ) of BH-H13Y is estimated to be about 700 cmbsf. According to SO42− concentrations, the maximum DIC concentration and the minimum δ13CDIC value, the SMTZ depth of BH-H61 is estimated at about 480 cmbsf. Sallower SMTZ depths, increasing DIC concentrations and highly negative δ13CDIC values recorded in BH-H61 and BH-H13Y columns suggest a remarkable methane seepage in the study aera. The gradients for sulfate concentrations of lower part of BH-H61 and BH-H13Y columns are steeper than that of the upper part, indicating that the methane flux upward migration increases with time. Features of Ca2+, Mg2+ and Sr2+ concentrations and Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca ratios in pore water indicate the possibility of the formation of high-Mg calcite. Below the SMTZ interface at BH-H61 column, Ba2+ concentrations increase with depth, indicating the barium sulfate dissolution occurs.

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