Citation: | ZHANG Hao, LUAN Xiwu, RAN Weimin, WANG Kuo, WEI Xinyuan, SHI Yanfeng, Mohammad Saiful Islam, WANG Jia. Discussion on fault characteristics and genesis of Wenchang A Sag in the west of the Pearl River Mouth Basin[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2020, 40(4): 96-106. doi: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2019050901 |
On the basis of previous researches, fine interpretation is made for the fault systems of the Wenchang A Sag with the data of 3D high-resolution seismic survey, coherence attribute analysis and other techniques. The results show that the basin is characterized by typical extensional structures, such as plow-like structures, flower-like structures and rotating normal faults. Affected by the Zhu-3 south fault, the southern boundary of the fault system shows a step-like pattern. During the period from Late Eocene to Early Oligocene, EW faults were developed under the subduction and retreat of the Pacific Plate, the collision with the Indo-subduction plate, and the southward subduction of the ancient South China Sea. During the period of Late Oligocene, however, under the influence of the South China Sea expansion event, the early dextral stress field was strengthened, while formed the nearly EW fault, and then evolved to those in NWW trending. From Late Eocene to middle Miocene, the fault trend rotates clockwise in the direction from NE to EW to NWW under the action of continuous right-hand tensional stress field. The tensile strength gradually weakened later on. Data suggests that the evolution and genetic mechanism of the faults in the Wenchang A Sag are consistent with the variation in stress field on the Northern Continental Margin of the South China Sea. This study is conducive to further understanding the structural characteristics and evolution of the oil-bearing basins on the northern margin of the South China Sea and improving the efficiency of oil and gas exploration and development.
[1] | 张迎朝, 张坤坤, 袁冰, 等. 文昌凹陷新生界断裂体系与构造样式及对油气成藏的控制作用[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2014, 14(23):26-31 ZHANG Yingzhao, ZHANG Kunkun, YUAN Bing, et al. Fault system and structural style of Cenozoic and their controlling effects on hydrocarbon-forming in Wenchang sag [J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2014, 14(23): 26-31. |
[2] | 姜华, 王华, 李俊良, 等. 珠江口盆地珠三坳陷层序地层样式分析[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2009, 29(1):87-93 JIANG Hua, WANG Hua, LI Junliang, et al. Analysis on sequence formation styles of Zhu-3 depression in Pearl River Mouth Basin [J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2009, 29(1): 87-93. |
[3] | 李辉, 陈胜红, 张迎朝, 等. 珠江口盆地珠三坳陷断裂特征与油气成藏[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2014, 34(3):115-124 LI Hui, CHEN Shenghong, ZHANG Yingzhao, et al. Faults in the Zhu-3 depression of Pearl River Mouth basin and their control over hydrocarbon accumulation [J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2014, 34(3): 115-124. |
[4] | 甘军, 张迎朝, 邓勇, 等. 珠江口盆地西部文昌A凹陷古近系天然气富集主控因素与勘探方向[J]. 中国海上油气, 2009, 21(6):367-371 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-1506.2009.06.002 GAN Jun, ZHANG Yingzhao, DENG Yong, et al. Main controls over Palaeogene natural gas accumulation and its exploration direction in Wenchang A sag, the western Pearl River Mouth Basin [J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2009, 21(6): 367-371. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-1506.2009.06.002 |
[5] | 姜华, 王华, 李俊良, 等. 珠江口盆地珠三坳陷断层特征及其对油气成藏的控制作用[J]. 石油实验地质, 2008, 30(5):460-466 JIANG Hua, WANG Hua, LI Junliang, et al. Fault characteristics and control on petroleum accumulation in the Zhu Ⅲ depression, the Pearl River Mouth Basin [J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2008, 30(5): 460-466. |
[6] | 曹敬贺, 夏少红, 孙金龙, 等. 珠江口盆地北部断裂构造特征对比及其地质学意义[J]. 地球物理学进展, 2014, 29(5):2364-2369 CAO Jinghe, XIA Shaohong, SUN Jinlong, et al. Comparison of fault structure characteristics in the northern Pearl River Mouth Basin and its geological implication [J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2014, 29(5): 2364-2369. |
[7] | 夏玲燕, 林畅松, 李筱, 等. 珠江口盆地断裂构造特征及对沉积盆地的控制作用[J]. 西安石油大学学报: 自然科学版, 2018, 33(5):1-8, 16 XIA Lingyan, LIN Changsong, LI Xiao, et al. Characteristics of fault structures in Pearl River Mouth Basin and control effect of them on Sedimentary Basin [J]. Journal of Xi’an Petroleum University: Natural Science Edition, 2018, 33(5): 1-8, 16. |
[8] | 雷宝华, 郑求根, 李俊良, 等. 珠三坳陷珠三南断裂形成演化及其对沉积中心迁移的控制[J]. 石油学报, 2012, 33(5):807-813 LEI Baohua, ZHENG Qiugen, LI Junliang, et al. Formation and evolution of Zhu-3 south fault and its control on the depocenter shift in Zhu-3 depression, Pearl River Mouth Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2012, 33(5): 807-813. |
[9] | 张亮. 南海构造演化模式及其数值模拟[D]. 中国科学院研究生院(海洋研究所)博士学位论文, 2012 ZHANG Liang. Tectonic evolution of the South China Sea and a numerical modeling[D]. Doctor Dissertation of Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Institute of Oceanology), 2012 |
[10] | 栾锡武, 刘鸿, 彭学超. 南海北部东沙古隆起的综合地球物理解释[J]. 地球物理学报, 2011, 54(12):3217-3232 LUAN Xiwu, LIU Hong, PENG Xuechao. The geophysical interpretation of a Dongsha ancient uplift on the northern margin of South China Sea [J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2011, 54(12): 3217-3232. |
[11] | 栾锡武, 张亮, 彭学超. 南海北部东沙海底冲蚀河谷及其成因探讨[J]. 中国科学: 地球科学, 2012, 55(1):149-158 doi: 10.1007/s11430-011-4322-y LUAN Xiwu, ZHANG Liang, PENG Xuechao. Dongsha erosive channel on northern South China Sea Shelf and its induced Kuroshio South China Sea Branch [J]. Science China Earth Sciences, 2012, 55(1): 149-158. doi: 10.1007/s11430-011-4322-y |
[12] | 朱伟林, 米立军, 张厚和, 等. 中国海域含油气盆地图集[M]. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 2010: 102 ZHU Weilin, MI Lijun, ZHANG Houhe, et al. Atlas of Oil and Gas Basins, China Sea[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 2010: 102 |
[13] | 蔡周荣, 殷征欣, 叶军, 等. 珠江口盆地向海阶梯状断裂特征及成因分析[J]. 中国科技论文, 2015, 10(3):322-326, 330 CAI Zhourong, YIN Zhengxin, YE Jun, et al. Characteristics and formation mechanism of the ladder-like faults towards the sea in Pearl River Mouth Basin [J]. China Sciencepaper, 2015, 10(3): 322-326, 330. |
[14] | 冉伟民, 栾锡武, 邵珠福, 等. 东海陆架盆地南部生长断层活动特征[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2019, 39(1):100-112 RAN Weimin, LUAN Xiwu, SHAO Zhufu, et al. Research on characteristics of growth faults in the southern East China Sea Shelf Basin [J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2019, 39(1): 100-112. |
[15] | 李德伦, 王恩林. 构造地质学[M]. 长春: 吉林大学出版社, 2001: 111-116 LI Delun, WANG Enlin. Structural Geology[M]. Changchun: Jilin University Press, 2001: 111-116 |
[16] | 熊忠, 江志强, 孙鹏, 等. 南黄海盆地北部坳陷北凹断裂特征与构造演化[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2018, 38(3):75-84 XIONG Zhong, JIANG Zhiqiang, SUN Peng, et al. Characteristics and tectonic evolution of the fault system in the north sag of Northern Depression of South Yellow Sea basin [J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2018, 38(3): 75-84. |
[17] | 李俊良, 雷宝华, 郑求根, 等. 珠江口盆地文昌凹陷应力场演化及其对成藏要素的控制作用[J]. 大地构造与成矿学, 2015, 39(4):601-609 LI Junliang, LEI Baohua, ZHENG Qiugen, et al. Stress field evolution and its controls on oil accumulation in the Wenchang sag [J]. Geotectonica et Metallogenia, 2015, 39(4): 601-609. |
[18] | Leyla B H, Zhang J X, Yang L L. Quantitative analysis of faults in Huizhou Sub-basin, Pearl River Mouth Basin [J]. Journal of Earth Science, 2018, 29(1): 169-181. doi: 10.1007/s12583-018-0823-3 |
[19] | 陈少平, 王华, 刘丽芳, 等. 断裂时空差异性演化及其对生烃凹陷形成的控制——以珠江口盆地珠三坳陷为例[J]. 断块油气田, 2015, 22(1):1-6 CHEN Shaoping, WANG Hua, LIU Lifang, et al. Space-time diversity evolution of faults and its control on formation of hydrocarbon generation sag: Taking Zhu Ⅲ Depression in Pearl River Mouth Basin as an example [J]. Fault-Block Oil and Gas Field, 2015, 22(1): 1-6. |
[20] | 雷宝华. 珠江口盆地文昌凹陷断裂构造及其对沉积充填的控制[D]. 中国地质大学(北京)硕士学位论文, 2010: 63-65 LEI Baohua. The fault structure of Wenchang sag in the Pearl River Mouth Basin and its control of the filling[D]. Master Dissertation of China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 2010: 63-65 |
[21] | 李三忠, 索艳慧, 刘鑫, 等. 南海的盆地群与盆地动力学[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2012, 32(6):55-78 LI Sanzhong, SUO Yanhui, LIU Xin, et al. Basin dynamics and basin groups of the South China Sea [J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2012, 32(6): 55-78. |
[22] | 姚伯初, 万玲, 刘振湖. 南海海域新生代沉积盆地构造演化的动力学特征及其油气资源[J]. 地球科学-中国地质大学学报, 2004, 29(5):543-549 YAO Bochu, WAN Ling, LIU Zhenhu. Tectonic dynamics of Cenozoic sedimentary basins and hydrocarbon resources in the South China Sea [J]. Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences, 2004, 29(5): 543-549. |
[23] | 雷超, 任建业, 张静. 南海构造变形分区及成盆过程[J]. 地球科学-中国地质大学学报, 2015, 40(4):744-762 doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.062 LEI Chao, REN Jianye, ZHANG Jing. Tectonic province divisions in the South China Sea: Implications for basin geodynamics [J]. Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences, 2015, 40(4): 744-762. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.062 |
[24] | 栾锡武, 张亮. 南海构造演化模式: 综合作用下的被动扩张[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2009, 29(6):59-74 LUAN Xiwu, ZHANG Liang. Tectonic evolution model of south China sea: passive spreading under complex actions [J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2009, 29(6): 59-74. |
[25] | Luan X W, Ran W M, Wang K, et al. New interpretation for the main sediment source of the rapidly deposited sediment drifts on the northern slope of the South China Sea [J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2019, 171: 118-133. doi: 10.1016/j.jseaes.2018.11.004 |
[26] | 蔡周荣, 刘维亮, 万志峰, 等. 南海北部新生代构造运动厘定及与油气成藏关系探讨[J]. 海洋通报, 2010, 29(2):161-165 CAI Zhourong, LIU Weiliang, WAN Zhifeng, et al. Determination of Cenozoic tectonic movement in the northern South China Sea and the relationship between oil-gas reservoir and tectonic movement [J]. Marine Science Bulletin, 2010, 29(2): 161-165. |
[27] | Bowin C, Lu R S, Lee C S, et al. Plate convergence and accretion in Taiwan-Luzon region [J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1978, 62(9): 1645-1672. |
[28] | 魏新元, 栾锡武, 冉伟民, 等. 印尼马都拉海峡盆地晚渐新世至早中新世珊瑚生物礁特征及其古地理指示[J]. 地球科学, 2019:1-19 WEI Xinyuan, LUAN Xiwu, RAN Weimin, et al. Characteristics and paleogeographic indications of the Late-Oligocene to Early-Miocene coral reefs in the Madura Strait Basin, Indonesia [J]. Earth Science, 2019: 1-19. |
[29] | 闫义, 夏斌, 林舸, 等. 南海北缘新生代盆地沉积与构造演化及地球动力学背景[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2005, 25(2):53-61 YAN Yi, XIA Bin, LIN Ge, et al. The sedimentary and tectonic evolution of the basins in the north margin of the South China Sea and geodynamic setting [J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2005, 25(2): 53-61. |
[30] | 张功成, 贾庆军, 王万银, 等. 南海构造格局及其演化[J]. 地球物理学报, 2018, 61(10):4194-4215 ZHANG Gongcheng, JIA Qingjun, WANG Wanyin, et al. On tectonic framework and evolution of the South China Sea [J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2018, 61(10): 4194-4215. |
[31] | 谢文彦, 张一伟, 孙珍, 等. 琼东南盆地断裂构造与成因机制[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2007, 27(1):71-78 XIE Wenyan, ZHANG Yiwei, SUN Zhen, et al. Characteristics and formation mechanism of faults in Qiongdongnan Basin [J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2007, 27(1): 71-78. |
[32] | Tapponnier P, Peltzer G, Armijo R. On the mechanics of the collision between India and Asia [J]. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 1986, 19(1): 113-157. doi: 10.1144/GSL.SP.1986.019.01.07 |
[33] | Tapponnier P, Lacassin R, Leloup P H, et al. The Ailao Shan/Red River metamorphic belt: tertiary left-lateral shear between Indochina and South China [J]. Nature, 1990, 343(6257): 43l-437. |
[34] | Briais A, Patriat P, Tapponnier P. Updated interpretation of magnetic anomalies and seafloor spreading stages in the south China Sea: Implications for the Tertiary tectonics of Southeast Asia [J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 1993, 98(B4): 6299-6328. doi: 10.1029/92JB02280 |
[35] | 周蒂, 陈汉宗, 吴世敏, 等. 南海的右行陆缘裂解成因[J]. 地质学报, 2002, 76(2):180-190 ZHOU Di, CHEN Hanzong, WU Shimin, et al. Opening of the South China Sea by dextral splitting of the East Asian continental margin [J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2002, 76(2): 180-190. |
[36] | 孙珍, 钟志洪, 周蒂, 等. 南海的发育机制研究: 相似模拟证据[J]. 中国科学D辑: 地球科学, 2006, 49(10):1053-1069 doi: 10.1007/s11430-006-1053-6 SUN Zhen, ZHONG Zhihong, ZHOU Di, et al. Research on the dynamics of the South China Sea opening: evidence from analogue modeling [J]. Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences, 2006, 49(10): 1053-1069. doi: 10.1007/s11430-006-1053-6 |
[37] | 吴世敏, 周蒂, 丘学林. 南海北部陆缘的构造属性问题[J]. 高校地质学报, 2001, 7(4):419-426 WU Shimin, ZHOU Di, QIU Xuelin. Tectonic setting of the northern margin of South China Sea [J]. Geological Journal of China Universities, 2001, 7(4): 419-426. |
[38] | 叶青, 施和生, 梅廉夫, 等. 珠江口盆地珠一坳陷裂后期断裂作用: 迁移、转换及其动力学[J]. 地球科学, 2017, 42(1):105-118 YE Qing, SHI Hesheng, MEI Lianfu, et al. Post-rift faulting migration, transition and dynamics in Zhu Ⅰ depression, Pearl River Mouth Basin [J]. Earth Science, 2017, 42(1): 105-118. |
[39] | Lei C, Ren J Y. Hyper-extended rift systems in the Xisha Trough, northwestern South China Sea: Implications for extreme crustal thinning ahead of a propagating ocean [J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2016, 77: 846-864. doi: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2016.07.022 |
[40] | Lu Y T, Luan X W, Lyu F, et al. Seismic evidence and formation mechanism of gas hydrates in the Zhongjiannan Basin, Western margin of the South China Sea [J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2017, 84: 274-288. doi: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2017.04.005 |
Division of tectonic units in the Zhu Ⅲ Depression in the west of the Pearl River Mouth Basin (modified from reference[2])
A comprehensive histogram of the western Pearl River Mouth Basin (modified from reference[4, 12])
Fault systems in the Wenchang A asaag
Distribution of coherent slices and fracture planes combination
Analysis of fault activity rate
Seismic section L1259 and fault 6
Fault activity rate (L1259 survey line, after references[19-20])
Tectonic evolution of the South China continental margin and its periphery (PRMB is the Pearl River Mouth Basin)