Miocene carbonate platforms in the northwest South China Sea and controlling factors

HE Yongyao; WANG Yingmi; WANG Xia; HU Liguo; JIANG Jianqun

doi:10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2018.06.013

2018 Vol. 38, No. 6

Article Contents

Article navigation > Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology > 2018 > 38(6): 127-135

Next Article Previous Article

HE Yongyao, WANG Yingmi, WANG Xia, HU Liguo, JIANG Jianqun. Miocene carbonate platforms in the northwest South China Sea and controlling factors[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2018, 38(6): 127-135. doi: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2018.06.013

Citation:

HE Yongyao, WANG Yingmi, WANG Xia, HU Liguo, JIANG Jianqun. Miocene carbonate platforms in the northwest South China Sea and controlling factors[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2018, 38(6): 127-135. doi: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2018.06.013

Miocene carbonate platforms in the northwest South China Sea and controlling factors

1.
School of Petroleum and Environment Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an, 716000, China
2.
State Key Laboratory for Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum (Beijing) Beijing 102249, China
3.
Hainan Oil and Gas Exploration Branch Company, Liaohe Oil field, PetroChina Company Limited, Panjin 124010, China

Received Date: 26 July 2018

Revised Date: 09 November 2018

Publish Date: 28 December 2018

Abstract

Abstract

The study of carbonate platform in Xisha area is of significance not only to oil and gas exploration, but also to the development of carbonate sedimentology. Based on the high resolution 3D and regional 2D seismic data, through the study of geomorphology, regional sedimentary tectonics and carbonate sedimentology, seismic marks for definition of carbonate platforms are established accordingly. Carbonate platforms and their distribution in deep-water areas in the northwestern South China Sea are described and the genetic processes and main controlling factors analyzed in this paper. Seismic reflections terminated on the top and bottom of a carbonate platform. According to the tectonic evolutionary background (Ⅰ) and geographical location(Ⅱ), the carbonate platforms in the deepwater areas in the northwestern South China Sea may be divided into two categories, i.e. offshore carbonate platforms (middle Miocene) and isolated carbonate platforms (late Miocene). According to the platform edge(Ⅲ) and platform slope gradient(Ⅳ), they are further subdivided into the offshore platform around island shelf, the offshore platform on gentle slope, the offshore platform on steep slope, the isolated platform and so on. The carbonate platforms started growing in Miocene. With time they climbed up from west to east. Geomorphology and sea level changes are the two main controlling factors over the growth and demise of carbonate platforms. Geomorphologic relieves are the major controlling factors. For examples, the uplift on slope may control the scale, distribution and migration of the platforms, the basement convex may control the type, facies and migration velocity of platforms, half graben, as an "clean water" container, is favorable for carbonate platform developing; while the shape of platform edge may control the distribution, type and size of high-energy facies of carbonate platforms. With sea level rise, carbonate platform became smaller in area and moved from west to east. As the results, atolls became matured.
- carbonate platform /
- geomorphology analysis /
- Miocene /
- northwest South China Sea

FullText(HTML)

References

[1]	Ahr W M. The carbonate ramp: An alternative to the shelf model[J]. Gcags Transactions, 1973, 1(23): 221-225. Google Scholar
[2]	Wilson J L. Carbonate Facies in Geologic History[M]. Springer, 1975: 804. Google Scholar
[3]	Read J F. Carbonate platform facies models[J]. Aapg Bulletin, 1985, 69(1): 1-21. Google Scholar
[4]	Tucker, Mauricee. Carbonate Sedimentology[M]. Blackwell Scientific, 1990: 30-178. Google Scholar
[5]	Dan B. A genetic classification of carbonate platforms based on their basinal and tectonic settings in the Cenozoic[J]. Sedimentary Geology, 2005, 175(1): 49-72. Google Scholar
[6]	顾家裕, 马锋, 季丽丹.碳酸盐岩台地类型、特征及主控因素[J].古地理学报, 2009, 11(1):21-27. Google Scholar GU Jiayu, MA Feng, JI Lidan. Types, characteristics and main controlling factors of carbonate platform[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography, 2009, 11(1): 21-27. Google Scholar
[7]	王龙, 吴海, 张瑞, 等.碳酸盐台地的类型、特征和沉积模式--兼论华北地台寒武纪陆表海-淹没台地的沉积样式[J].地质论评, 2018, 64(1): 62-76. Google Scholar WANG Long, WU Hai, ZHANG Rui, et al. The types, characteristics and depositional models of carbonate platform: implications for Cambrian sedimentary patterns of epeiric-drowned carbonate platform in North China[J]. Geological Review, 2018, 64(1): 62-76. Google Scholar
[8]	袁琼, 韦龙明, 吴限, 等.关于碳酸盐台地模式的几点讨论[J].地质论评, 2017, 63(S1): 321-322. Google Scholar YUAN Qiong, WEI Longming, WU Xian, et al. Juxian discussion on carbonate platform mode[J]. Geological Review, 2017, 63(S1): 321-322. Google Scholar
[9]	尹微, 樊太亮, 郭刚, 等.不同受力机制下的碳酸盐岩台地类型及其控制因素分析[J].石油天然气学报, 2006, 28(4):188-191. Google Scholar YIN Wei, FAN Tai Liang, GUO Gang, et al. Type of carbonate platform and its control factors under different force-summing mechanism[J]. Journal of Oil & Gas Technology, 2006, 28(4):188-191. Google Scholar
[10]	徐文礼, 郑荣才, 费怀义, 等.土库曼斯坦阿姆河盆地卡洛夫-牛津阶沉积相特征[J].中国地质, 2012, 39(4):954-964. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3657.2012.04.011 CrossRef Google Scholar XU Wenli, ZHENG Rongcai, FEI Huaiyi, et al. The sedimentary facies of Callovian-Oxfordian Stage in Amu Darya basin, Turkmenistan[J]. Geology in China, 2012, 39(4):954-964. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3657.2012.04.011 CrossRef Google Scholar
[11]	孙志鹏, 尤丽, 李晓, 等.西沙西科1井第四系生物礁-碳酸盐岩的岩石学特征[J].地球科学, 2015, 40(4):653-659. Google Scholar SUN Zhipeng, YOU Li, LI Xiao, et al. Petrologic characteristics of Quaternary reef-carbonate rocks in well Xike-1, Xisha area[J]. Earth Science, 2015, 40(4):653-659. Google Scholar
[12]	冯杨伟.琼东南盆地深水区梅山组沉积相与丘状反射体地质解释[D].西北大学, 2012.http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-10697-1012444400.htm Google Scholar FENG Yangwei. Research on sedimentary facies and geologic interpretation of moundy reflectors of Meishan formation in deepwater area of Qiongdongnan Basin[D]. Northwest university, 2012. Google Scholar
[13]	王云, 冯杨伟, 张功成.琼东南盆地深水区梅山组丘状反射体地质解释[J].矿物岩石, 2018, 38(1): 111-119. Google Scholar WANG Yun, FENG Yangwei, ZHANG Gongcheng, et al. Geological interpretation of moundy reflectors of meishan formation in deepwater area of qiongdongnan basin, south china sea[J]. Journal of Mineralogy & Petrology, 2018, 38(1): 111-119. Google Scholar
[14]	马玉波, 吴时国, 谷明峰, 等.西沙海区碳酸盐台地地震反射特征及沉积模式[J].海洋学报, 2010, 32(4):118-128. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-5470.2010.04.019 CrossRef Google Scholar MA Yubo, WU Shiguo, GU Mingfeng, et al. Seismic reflection characteristics and depositional model of carbonate platforms in Xisha sea area[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2010, 32(4):118-128. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-5470.2010.04.019 CrossRef Google Scholar
[15]	张明书．西沙生物礁碳酸盐沉积地质学研究[M]．科学出版社,1989. Google Scholar ZHANG Mingshu. Study on the Carbonate Sedimentary Geology of Xisha Reefs[M]. Science Press, 1989. Google Scholar
[16]	朱伟林, 王振峰, 米立军, 等.南海西沙西科1井层序地层格架与礁生长单元特征[J].地球科学, 2015, 40(4):677-687. Google Scholar ZHU Weiling, WANG Zhengfeng, MI Lijun, et al. Sequence stratigraphic framework and reef growth unit of well Xike-1 from Xisha Islands, South China Sea[J]. Earth Science, 2015, 40(4):677-687. Google Scholar
[17]	魏喜, 贾承造, 孟卫工, 等.南海西沙海域西琛1井生物礁的性质及岩石学特征[J].地质通报, 2008, 27(11):1933-1938. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2552.2008.11.024 CrossRef Google Scholar WEI Xi, JIA Chengzao, MENG Weigong, et al. Biogenetic reefs and its petrological characteristics of well Xichen 1, Xisha sea area[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2008, 27(11):1933-1938. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2552.2008.11.024 CrossRef Google Scholar
[18]	朱伟林, 解习农, 王振峰, 等.南海西沙隆起基底成因新认识[J].中国科学:地球科学.2017, 47(12):1460-1468. Google Scholar ZHU Weilin, XIE Xinong, WANG Zhengfeng, et al. New insights on the origin of the basement of the Xisha Uplift, South China Sea[J]. Science China Earth Sciences, 2017, 47(12): 1460-1468. Google Scholar
[19]	韩春瑞, 孟祥营.西沙晚中新世以来礁相地层中有孔虫动物群的分布及其意义[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质, 1990, 10(2):35-65. Google Scholar HAN Chunrui MENG Xiangying. Foraminiferal fauna distribution in reef-facies beds since late Miocene in xisha islands and its significance[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 1990, 10(2):35-65 Google Scholar
[20]	许红.西沙中新世生物地层和藻类的造礁作用与生物礁演变特征[M].科学出版社, 1999. Google Scholar XU Hong. Reef Formation of the Miocene Biostratigraphy and Algae in Xisha and Evolution Characteristics of Reefs[M]. Science Press, 1999. Google Scholar
[21]	秦国权.西沙群岛"西永一井"有孔虫组合及该群岛珊瑚礁成因初探[J].热带海洋学报, 1987, 6(3):12-22. Google Scholar QIN Guoquan. A preliminary study on foraminiferal assemblages of well 1 Xiyong, Xisha islands and their coral reef formation[J]. Tropic Oceanology, 1987, 6(3): 12-22. Google Scholar
[22]	何永垚, 王英民, 许翠霞, 等.生物礁、滩、灰泥丘沉积特征及地震识别[J].石油地球物理勘探, 2014, 49(5):971-984. Google Scholar HE Yongyao, WANG Yingmin, XU Cuixia, et al. Sedimentary characteristics of reef, shoal and limemud mound, and their seismic identification[J]. Oil Geophysical Prospecting, 2014, 49(5):971-984. Google Scholar