| Citation: |
ZHAO Jianjun, WANG Zixian, YAN Haoyuan, LAI Qiyi, YU Jianle, LI Qingmiao, ZHU Yaoqiang, DONG Jianhui. Deformation characteristics of a high and steep mining slope with gently-inclined layered structure[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 2022, 49(2): 174-183. doi: 10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.202105029
|
Deformation characteristics of a high and steep mining slope with gently-inclined layered structure
-
Abstract
The depth and plane position of the goaf control the deformation characteristics of the mining slope with gently inclined layered structure and directly affect the overall stability of the mining slope. In recent years, scholars have carried out a large number of studies on the deformation of the overlying rock mass caused by underground coal mining, but the influence of goaf characteristics on the key positions of slopes has not been revealed deeply enough. The Jianshanying deformation body in the Faer Coal Mine in Guizhou Province is a typical gently-inclined layered mining slope, which has the steep upward and gentle downward, and hard upward and soft downward characteristics. The Jianshanying Deformation Body is chosen as the subject of the study in this paper. The effects of multi-layer mining and single-layer mining at different depths on the slope deformation are studied by qualitative analyses of the geological process mechanism and numerical simulation method. The width, depth and depth ratio of goaf have an important influence on the slope deformation characteristics. The results show that the multi-layer mining leads to the destruction of the slope toe and the overall collapse, which will cause the slope to produce a significant horizontal displacement, resulting in the vertical displacement of the multi-layer mining being much greater than the total thickness of the coal seam mining. The goaf crossing the slope toe, which makes the depth-to-thickness ratio decrease sharply and the mining cracks are more likely to extend to the surface, is an important factor for the destruction of the rock mass near the slope toe. When the width of the goaf increases or the multi-layer mining operation is carried out, the slope deformation increases significantly. When the depth of the goaf increases, the slope deformation value decreases, but the deformation range increases. It is beneficial to slope stability by optimizing the layout of the working face to prevent the sharp decrease of the depth-to-thickness ratio, controlling the width of the goaf, avoiding repeated mining and increasing the depth of mining, when mining in the strong terrain areas.
-
-
References
[1] 赵建军, 肖建国, 向喜琼, 等. 缓倾煤层采空区滑坡形成机制数值模拟研究[J]. 煤炭学报,2014,39(3):424 − 429. [ZHAO Jianjun, XIAO Jianguo, XIANG Xiqiong, et al. Failure mechanism numerical simulation of mining landslide with gentle bedding coal strata[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(3):424 − 429. (in Chinese with English abstract) [2] 汤伏全. 采动滑坡的机理分析[J]. 西安矿业学院学报,1989,9(3):32 − 36. [TANG Fuquan. Mechanism analysis of landslide by mining[J]. Journal of Xi’an Mining Institute,1989,9(3):32 − 36. (in Chinese with English abstract) [3] 黄庆享, 夏小刚. 采动岩层与地表移动的“四带”划分研究[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报,2016,33(3):393 − 397. [HUANG Qingxiang, XIA Xiaogang. Division of “four zones” in mining strata and surface movement[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering,2016,33(3):393 − 397. (in Chinese with English abstract) [4] 吴彩燕, 乔建平, 王成华, 等. 贵州省纳雍县鬃岭镇“12·3”大型崩塌灾害分析[J]. 水土保持研究,2006,13(6):100 − 102. [WU Caiyan, QIAO Jianping, WANG Chenghua, et al. Analysis on “12·3” super large-scaled landslide in Zongling, Nayong, Guizhou[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,13(6):100 − 102. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-3409.2006.06.031 [5] 曾辉. 贵州凯里市龙场镇崩塌形成机制研究[D]. 成都: 成都理工大学, 2014. ZENG Hui. Research on the formation mechanism of Longchang town collapse in Kaili, Guizhou[D]. Chengdu: Chengdu University of Technology, 2014. (in Chinese with English abstract) [6] 肖建国. 缓倾采空区斜坡变形破坏及运动特征研究——以贵州省青山煤矿为例[D]. 成都: 成都理工大学, 2014. XIAO Jianguo. Study on the deformation and failure and movement characteristics of slope in gently inclined goaf areas: Taking Peak Mine in Guizhou Province as an example[D]. Chengdu: Chengdu University of Technology, 2014. (in Chinese with English abstract) [7] 郑光, 许强, 巨袁臻, 等. 2017年8月28日贵州纳雍县张家湾镇普洒村崩塌特征与成因机理研究[J]. 工程地质学报,2018,26(1):223 − 240. [ZHENG Guang, XU Qiang, JU Yuanzhen, et al. The Pusacun rockavalanche on August 28, 2017 in Zhangjiawan,Nayongxian, Guizhou: Characteristics and failure mechanism[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology,2018,26(1):223 − 240. (in Chinese with English abstract) [8] 易同生. 贵州省煤炭资源勘查与开发的现状、问题与对策[J]. 中国煤炭,2010,36(6):32 − 36. [YI Tongsheng. Status-quo and issues of exploration and development of coal resources in Guizhou Province and solutions[J]. China Coal,2010,36(6):32 − 36. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-530X.2010.06.007 [9] 刘传正, 郭强, 陈红旗. 贵州省纳雍县岩脚寨危岩崩塌灾害成因初步分析[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报,2004,15(4):123 − 144. [LIU Chuanzheng, GUO Qiang, CHEN Hongqi. Preliminary analysis on the cause of dangerous rock collapse disaster in Yanjiaozhai, Nayong County, Guizhou Province[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2004,15(4):123 − 144. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-8035.2004.04.031 [10] 郑达, 黄润秋, 黄刚. 地下开采作用下“反倾上硬下软”型斜坡崩塌形成机制研究—以贵州开阳磷矿崩塌为例[J]. 工程地质学报,2014,22(3):464 − 473. [ZHENG Da, HUANG Runqiu, HUANG Gang. Mechanism of rockfall with anti-dip and top hard-bottom soft rock by underground mining: A case study of rockfall in Kaiyang phosphorite, Guizhou[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology,2014,22(3):464 − 473. (in Chinese with English abstract) [11] SCARINGI G, FAN X M, XU Q, et al. Some considerations on the use of numerical methods to simulate past landslides and possible new failures: the case of the recent Xinmo landslide (Sichuan, China)[J]. Landslides,2018,15(7):1359 − 1375. doi: 10.1007/s10346-018-0953-9 [12] ALEJANO L R, FERRERO A M, RAMÍREZ-OYANGUREN P, et al. Comparison of limit-equilibrium, numerical and physical models of wall slope stability[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences,2011,48(1):16 − 26. [13] 崔杰, 王兰生, 王卫, 等. 采空区边坡变形破裂演化机制研究[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报,2008,25(4):409 − 414. [CUI Jie, WANG Lansheng, WANG Wei, et al. Deformation and fracturing mechanism of goaf slope[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering,2008,25(4):409 − 414. (in Chinese with English abstract) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-3363.2008.04.007 [14] FATHI SALMI E, NAZEM M, KARAKUS M. Numerical analysis of a large landslide induced by coal mining subsidence[J]. Engineering Geology,2017,217:141 − 152. doi: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2016.12.021 [15] ZHAO J J, XIAO J G, LEE M L, et al. Discrete element modeling of a mining-induced rock slide[J]. SpringerPlus,2016,5(1):1633 − 1651. doi: 10.1186/s40064-016-3305-z [16] 史文兵. 山区缓倾煤层地下开采诱发斜坡变形破坏机理研究——以贵州煤洞坡变形体为例[D]. 成都: 成都理工大学, 2016. SHI Wenbing. Research on deformation and failure mechanism of slope induced by underground mining in mountainous gently inclined coal strata: A case study of Meidongpo deformable rock mass of Guizhou Province[D]. Chengdu: Chengdu University of Technology, 2016. (in Chinese with English abstract) [17] 赵建军, 马运韬, 蔺冰, 等. 平缓反倾采动滑坡形成的地质力学模式研究—以贵州省马达岭滑坡为例[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(11):2217 − 2224. [ZHAO Jianjun, MA Yuntao, LIN Bing, et al. Geomechanical mode of mining landslides with gently counter-inclined bedding: A case study of Madaling landslide in Guizhou Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(11):2217 − 2224. (in Chinese with English abstract) [18] 赵建军, 蔺冰, 马运韬, 等. 缓倾煤层采空区上覆岩体变形特征物理模拟研究[J]. 煤炭学报,2016,41(6):1369 − 1374. [ZHAO Jianjun, LIN Bing, MA Yuntao, et al. Physical modeling on deformation characteristics of overlying rock mass above mined-out area in gently inclined coal seam[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(6):1369 − 1374. (in Chinese with English abstract) [19] 赵建军, 李金锁, 马运韬, 等. 降雨诱发采动滑坡物理模拟试验研究[J]. 煤炭学报,2020,45(2):760 − 769. [ZHAO Jianjun, LI Jinsuo, MA Yuntao, et al. Experimental study on failure process of mining landslide induced by rainfall[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2020,45(2):760 − 769. (in Chinese with English abstract) [20] 严浩元. 贵州省发耳煤矿尖山营变形体形成机制研究[D]. 成都: 成都理工大学, 2019. YAN Haoyuan. Study on formation mechanism of Jianshanying deformation body in Fa’er minging area of Guizhou Province[D]. Chengdu: Chengdu University of Technology, 2019. (in Chinese with English abstract) [21] 郑达, 毛峰, 王沁沅, 等. 上硬下软反倾边坡开挖变形响应的物理模拟[J]. 水文地质工程地质,2019,46(5):89 − 95. [ZHENG Da, MAO Feng, WANG Qinyuan, et al. Physical simulation of the excavation deformation response of counter-tilt slope with rigid layers on the soft[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology,2019,46(5):89 − 95. (in Chinese with English abstract) [22] REGASSA B, XU N X, MEI G. An equivalent discontinuous modeling method of jointed rock masses for DEM simulation of mining-induced rock movements[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2018,108:1 − 14. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2018.04.053 [23] DO TRONG N, WU J H. Simulating a mining-triggered rock avalanche using DDA: A case study in Nattai North, Australia[J]. Engineering Geology,2020,264:105386. doi: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2019.105386 [24] LV Y Q. Numerical simulation and model of deformation features of destabilized mining slope under fault-controlled conditions[J]. Earth Sciences Research Journal,2020,24(1):61 − 69. doi: 10.15446/esrj.v24n1.85290 [25] 马文著, 徐衍, 李晓雷, 等. 基于黏聚力裂缝模型的反倾层状岩质边坡倾倒破坏模拟[J]. 水文地质工程地质,2020,47(5):150 − 160. [MA Wenzhu, XU Yan, LI Xiaolei, et al. A numerical study of the toppling failure of an anti-dip layered rock slope based on a cohesive crack model[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology,2020,47(5):150 − 160. (in Chinese with English abstract) [26] 泮晓华, 秦四清, 薛雷. 岩质斜坡锁固段破坏模式的物理模型试验研究[J]. 华北水利水电大学学报(自然科学版),2018,39(6):13 − 18. [PAN Xiaohua, QIN Siqing, XUE Lei. Study on failure modes of various locked segments in rock slopes based on physical model tests[J]. Journal of North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power ( Natural Science Edition),2018,39(6):13 − 18. (in Chinese with English abstract) [27] 邹友峰, 邓喀中, 马伟民. 矿山开采沉陷工程[M]. 徐州: 中国矿业大学出版社, 2003. ZOU Youfeng, DENG Kazhong, MA Weimin. Mining subsidence engineering[M]. Xuzhou: China University of Mining and Technology Press, 2003. (in Chinese) [28] 刘博, 姚腾飞, 皮建高, 等. 基于RS和GIS的临武县矿山地质环境调查评价[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报,2020,125(1):135 − 142. [LIU Bo, YAO Tengfei, PI Jiangao, et al. Survey and evaluation of mine geological environment in Linwu County based on RS and GIS[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2020,125(1):135 − 142. (in Chinese with English abstract) -
Access History
Figures(11)
Tables(2)
Export File
Citation
ZHAO Jianjun, WANG Zixian, YAN Haoyuan, LAI Qiyi, YU Jianle, LI Qingmiao, ZHU Yaoqiang, DONG Jianhui. Deformation characteristics of a high and steep mining slope with gently-inclined layered structure[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 2022, 49(2): 174-183. doi: 10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.202105029
Format
Content
DownLoad:
-
Figure 1.
Engineering geological plan and 3D image of the study area
-
Figure 2.
Engineering geology section of the study area
-
Figure 3.
Numerical simulation model and displacement monitoring points on slope surface
-
Figure 4.
The joints of numerical simulation model
-
Figure 5.
Schematic diagram of coal seams mining step（unit：m）
-
Figure 6.
Features of slope displacement, crack development and resultant displacement displacement vector of full mining model （displacemnt unit: m）
-
Figure 7.
Slope deformation characteristics of full mining model mining
-
Figure 8.
Characteristics of resultant displacements of each model under different depths in single layer mining （displacemnt unit: m）
-
Figure 9.
Fracture development characteristics of each model under different depth in single layer mining
-
Figure 10.
Monitoring results of displacement of slope models of single-layer mining models
-
Figure 11.
Depth-to-thickness ratio of different slope positions in each coal seam