Determination of Major Elements in Small-Weight Soil and Sediment Samples by X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry with Pressed-Powder Pellets

ZHAO Hongkun; LIU Yaxuan; MA Shengming; ZHANG Yanfei; ZHANG Pengpeng; LI Qiang; LI Zhenqing; CHEN Qishen; LI Yong; GU Xue; CHEN Hongqiang

doi:10.15898/j.ykcs.202403040030

2025 Vol. 44, No. 2

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Article navigation > Rock and Mineral Analysis > 2025 > 44(2): 305-315

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ZHAO Hongkun, LIU Yaxuan, MA Shengming, ZHANG Yanfei, ZHANG Pengpeng, LI Qiang, LI Zhenqing, CHEN Qishen, LI Yong, GU Xue, CHEN Hongqiang. Determination of Major Elements in Small-Weight Soil and Sediment Samples by X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry with Pressed-Powder Pellets[J]. Rock and Mineral Analysis, 2025, 44(2): 305-315. doi: 10.15898/j.ykcs.202403040030

Citation:

ZHAO Hongkun, LIU Yaxuan, MA Shengming, ZHANG Yanfei, ZHANG Pengpeng, LI Qiang, LI Zhenqing, CHEN Qishen, LI Yong, GU Xue, CHEN Hongqiang. Determination of Major Elements in Small-Weight Soil and Sediment Samples by X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry with Pressed-Powder Pellets[J]. Rock and Mineral Analysis, 2025, 44(2): 305-315. doi: 10.15898/j.ykcs.202403040030

Determination of Major Elements in Small-Weight Soil and Sediment Samples by X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry with Pressed-Powder Pellets

1.
Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
2.
Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Langfang 065000, China
3.
Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
4.
Regional Geology Survey Institute of Hebei Province, Langfang 065000, China

More Information

Corresponding authors: LIU Yaxuan, ll.yx@hotmail.com ; MA Shengming, msmigge@163.com

Received Date: 04 March 2024

Revised Date: 04 August 2024

Accepted Date: 13 August 2024

Available Online: 25 September 2024

Publish Date: 20 March 2025

Abstract

Abstract

The analysis of small-weight samples utilizing X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) poses a pivotal technical challenge in determining the chemical composition of valuable and scarce materials. Furthermore, the application of XRF to verify the homogeneity of reference materials has sparked debates regarding the minimum sample weight. At present, most of the geological samples (including reference material) are at the particle size of 74μm (−200 mesh) and the conventional sample weight is approximately 4g for XRF analysis with pressed-powder pellets. Here, 0.1g weight soil or sediment was used for pressed-powder pellet preparation. The diameter of the XRF spectrometry sample box mask was changed to 12mm, and the diameter of the field view light barrier was reduced to 10mm. Based on the previously optimized instrumental measurement conditions, we successfully established a 0.1g sample weight analytical method for the quantification of ten major elements (SiO₂, Al₂O₃, TFe₂O₃, MgO, Cao, Na₂O, K₂O, Mn, Ti, and P) utilizing wavelength dispersive XRF, which significantly reduced the necessary sample weight. This method 1employed a diverse range of 32 geochemical reference materials, encompassing variou types and content gradients. The detection limit of the 0.1g sample weight analysis method was between 14μ/g and 0.35%, and the precisioniitalic>=12) was less than 3.9%. Through comparative analysis, the results of the erence materials were all within the standard value range, and the absolute value of relative error (|RE|) was between 0 and 15.7%. There was no significant difference with the 4g sample weight analysis results (|RE| ranged from 0.3% to 28.3%). The practical sample results determined by the method of 0.1g sample and the conventional method of 4g sample are consistent. The established XRF method for the 0.1g weight sample is reliable.
- X-ray fluorescence spectrometry /
- pressed-powder pellets /
- sample weight /
- soil /
- sediment

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References

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