| Professional Committee of Rock and Mineral Testing Technology of the Geological Society of China, National Geological Experiment and Testing Center | Host |
| Citation: |
XU Xinning, WANG Shuo, XU Juan, LIU Pengfei, YANG Shouye. Research Progress on the Geological Application of a Flow-Through Time-Resolved Analysis System[J]. Rock and Mineral Analysis, 2025, 44(1): 1-18. doi: 10.15898/j.ykcs.202304130048
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Research Progress on the Geological Application of a Flow-Through Time-Resolved Analysis System
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Abstract
FT-TRA is a rapid reaction (dissolution)-on-line analysis system newly developed in the early 21st century. It consists of an eluent mixing unit, a reaction unit and an analysis unit. Its core function is to wash trace samples in the sample reactor with a specific mobile phase, separate or remove specific components in the sample, and monitor the exsolution characteristics of different elements and mineral components of the sample to achieve high resolution online process analysis. In this article, the technical principle, hardware and software composition, experimental method, operation key points and geological application development process of the FT-TRA system are reviewed. The controversial points in the geological application of the system are explained and analyzed, and its future development direction and potential are forecasted based on its development status. At present, the main geological applications of this system include the verification of proxy indicators for paleoceanography and paleo-environment research (such as foraminifera and ostracod leaching), the study of the mineral dissolution process and reaction kinetics, and the analysis of the elemental phase of environmental samples. The dissolution mechanism of different components involved in the operation of the FT-TRA system is an important problem to be solved in its application process. Further improvement of its dissolution dynamics principle will inevitably provide more new ideas for the future development of the system, such as multi-type geological sample dissolution and mineral simulation synthesis. The BRIEF REPORT is available for this paper at
http://www.ykcs.ac.cn/en/article/doi/10.15898/j.ykcs.202304130048 . -
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References
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XU Xinning, WANG Shuo, XU Juan, LIU Pengfei, YANG Shouye. Research Progress on the Geological Application of a Flow-Through Time-Resolved Analysis System[J]. Rock and Mineral Analysis, 2025, 44(1): 1-18. doi: 10.15898/j.ykcs.202304130048
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Figure 1.
Schematic diagram of flow-through time-resolved analysis system (Modified from Wang［10］)
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Figure 2.
Design examples of FT-TRA reactor: (a) 25−50μL small capacity reactor; (b) 50mL big capacity reactor. Modified from de Baere［2］.
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Figure 3.
Flow chart of establishing a standard curve of FT-TRA system: (a) Establish a curve of different concentrations of standard solution; (b) Make the correlation diagram of cps and concentration after correction by internal standard.
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Figure 4.
Changes of leached element concentration in a single foraminifera sample with different flow gradients
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Figure 5.
The evidence of the steady state in FT-TRA system. Although the samples vary an order of magnitude in size, they all dissolve in the same window of time. Modified from Haley, et al［1］.
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Figure 6.
Differential solution of foraminifera shells in FT-TRA system (Modified from Klinkhammer, et al［18］)
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Figure 7.
FT-TRA system and batch method extracting Mg/Ca of different foraminifera shells to reestablish paleo-ocean temperature. Figure a shows how to use FT-TRA dissolution curve to selectively extract the foraminifera shell biological calcite signal; Figure b shows Mg/Ca of foraminifera shells obtained by the two methods; Figure c shows the corresponding surface seawater temperature calculated using the data in Figure b. Modified from Benway, et al［7］.
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Figure 8.
Comparison of LA-ICP-MS and FT-TRA tests on Mg/Ca of foraminifera shells of different species: (a) LA-ICP-MS analysis of Mg/Ca changes from inside to outside of three foraminifera shells; (b) FT-TRA analysis of Mg/Ca changes from inside to outside of three foraminifera shells. Modified from Sadekov, et al［59］.
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Figure 9.
Comparison of calcite/aragonite solubility obtained by FT-TRA system and other test results at different pH values［2］