Preliminary Study on the Microscopic Morphology and Chemical Composition, and Its Source of PM<sub>2.5</sub> in Guangzhou

Li ZHOU; Gui-yong SHI; Yu FU; Yao Guan; Lai-guo CHEN

doi:10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.2016.03.014

2016 Vol. 35, No. 3

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Article navigation > Rock and Mineral Analysis > 2016 > 35(3): 302-309

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Li ZHOU, Gui-yong SHI, Yu FU, Yao Guan, Lai-guo CHEN. Preliminary Study on the Microscopic Morphology and Chemical Composition, and Its Source of PM2.5 in Guangzhou[J]. Rock and Mineral Analysis, 2016, 35(3): 302-309. doi: 10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.2016.03.014

Citation:

Li ZHOU, Gui-yong SHI, Yu FU, Yao Guan, Lai-guo CHEN. Preliminary Study on the Microscopic Morphology and Chemical Composition, and Its Source of PM_2.5 in Guangzhou[J]. Rock and Mineral Analysis, 2016, 35(3): 302-309. doi: 10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.2016.03.014

Preliminary Study on the Microscopic Morphology and Chemical Composition, and Its Source of PM_2.5 in Guangzhou

1.
School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
2.
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Guangzhou 510275, China
3.
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Guangzhou 510655, China

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Corresponding author: Gui-yong SHI, eessgy@mail.sysu.edu.cn

Received Date: 10 January 2016

Revised Date: 15 May 2016

Accepted Date: 20 May 2016

Abstract

Abstract

PM_2.5 is the primary pollutant which has influenced the urban atmospheric environment in recent years, and its genetic mechanism is complicated. The microscopic morphology and trace element concentration of PM_2.5 in the Guangzhou urban area were determined by Scanning Electron Microscope and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry, respectively. The enrichment factor method was adopted to constrain the source of PM_2.5. The results show that PM_2.5 mainly occurs as amorphousness fine particles. A silicate combination containing Fe, Mg, Al, K and Na is the main chemical composition of PM_2.5, characterized by the first fine particles from road dust and buildings. An energy spectrum diagram of single amorphous particle shows the combination characteristics of sulfate and nitrate. These particles may have been secondary fine particles formed from pollution gases of SO₂ and NO_x from automobile exhaust in the atmospheric environment, through the nucleation induced phase behavior change under specific physical and chemical conditions. Heavy metals were highly enriched in PM_2.5, including Cd, Se, Zn, Cu, Pb, and As. Local widespread use of deca bromine biphenyl ether as a flame retardant and a large number of E-waste dismantling are the main factors for abnormal enrichment of Br in the fine particles. The concentration of rare earth elements ranges from 0.022 to 0.582 ng/m³, with the relative enrichment of heavy rare earth elements in PM_2.5. These features indicate that the composition of PM_2.5 in the Guangzhou urban area are not only made up of primary particles, but also made up of secondary particles, characterized by multiple sources.
- PM_2.5 /
- microscopic appearance characteristics /
- chemical conponent /
- source apportionment /
- Scanning Electron Microscope /
- Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry

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References

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