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TENG Fei, GAO Yongbao, KOU Shaolei, ZHANG Jiangwei, LI Jinchao, LI Kan, JING Delong, TENG Yuxiang, WU Huanhuan. 2025. Petrology, geochronology and metallogenic mechanism of the Lalangmi tungsten deposit in Qinghai, the eastern part of the East Kunlun Orogen. Geological Bulletin of China, 44(4): 705-723. doi: 10.12097/gbc.2024.05.026
Citation: TENG Fei, GAO Yongbao, KOU Shaolei, ZHANG Jiangwei, LI Jinchao, LI Kan, JING Delong, TENG Yuxiang, WU Huanhuan. 2025. Petrology, geochronology and metallogenic mechanism of the Lalangmi tungsten deposit in Qinghai, the eastern part of the East Kunlun Orogen. Geological Bulletin of China, 44(4): 705-723. doi: 10.12097/gbc.2024.05.026
shu

Petrology, geochronology and metallogenic mechanism of the Lalangmi tungsten deposit in Qinghai, the eastern part of the East Kunlun Orogen

  • 1.

    Xi’an Center of Mineral Resources Survey, Technology Innovation Center for Gold Ore Exploration, China Geological Survey, Xi’an 710100, Shaanxi, China

  • 2.

    Key Laboratory for the Study of Focused Magmatism and Giant Ore Deposits, MNR/Xi’an Center, China Geological Survey, Xi’an 710119, Shaanxi, China

  • 3.

    Xinjiang Academy of Geology, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang, China

    • Fund Project: This research is jointly supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program (STEP, Grant No.2019QZKK0806), the Comprehensive Survey of Large-Scale Resource Bases in the Dahongliutan-Tianshuihai Area of West Kunlun Orogen (DD20190143), the National Key Gold Mine Survey and Evaluation Project (DD20230060), and the Survey and Evaluation of the Key Gold Mine Area in Kongquegou-Wutonggou, Xinjiang (DD20230378).
More Information
  • Author Bio: TENG Fei, born in 1988, engineer from Xi’an Center of Mineral Resources Survey with a master degree, specialize in petrology, mineralogy and ore deposits
  • Corresponding author: GAO Yongbao, born in 1982, senior researcher from Xi’an Center of Mineral Resources Survey with a doctor degree, specialize in regional metallogeny and ore deposits. 
Received Date:  14 May 2024
Revised Date:  15 July 2024
Publish Date:  15 April 2025
    Abstract
  • Objective

    The Lalangmai tungsten deposit is a significant and the only discovery in recent tungsten exploration in the eastern part of the East Kunlun Orogen. Its timing of mineralization is similar to that of the Silurian Baiganhu tungsten−tin ore district in the western part. Understanding its metallogenic mechanism is crucial for revealing regional tungsten−tin metallogenic patterns and guiding future exploration efforts.

    Methods

    This study systematically investigates the geological characteristics of mineralization, geo−chronology , and metallogenic mechanism of the Lalangmai tungsten deposit through geological fieldwork, petrographic observations, whole−rock geochemistry, Sr−Nd isotope analysis of the whole rock, and Sm−Nd isotopic dating of garnet and scheelite.

    Results

    Tungsten mineralization at the Lalangmai deposit is primarily hosted within skarns at the contact zone between monogranite and carbonate wall−rocks. The main ore mineral is scheelite, with gangue minerals including garnet, epidote, diopside, and calcite, characteristic of skarn−type deposits. The monogranite, closely related to mineralization, contains primary muscovite and garnet. It exhibits high silicon, alkali, and aluminum content, with relatively low magnesium and iron. It is enriched in large−ion lithophile elements (LILEs) and depleted in high−field strength elements (HFSEs), and its rare earth element (REE) distribution curve is right−inclined with a distinct negative Eu anomaly, indicating typical S−type granite characteristics. Whole−rock Sr−Nd isotopic data reveal high (87Sr/86Sr)i values (0.7470 to 0.7659) and negative εNd(t) values (−8.22 to −6.05). Sm−Nd isotopic isochron dating of garnet and scheelite from the skarn gives an age of 408±4 Ma, which is consistent with the zircon U−Pb age of the monogranite (414±3 Ma) within the margin of error.

    Conclusions

    The study indicates that during the Silurian in the eastern East Kunlun Orogen, the underplating of magmatism led to partial melting of the ancient crust, forming a tungsten−rich S−type granitic magma. Following intrusion, the magma interacted with carbonate strata, resulting in metasomatic replacement and the formation of the Lalangmai skarn−type tungsten deposit.
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