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2023 Vol. 29, No. 2
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SHI Xuelei, HAN Xudong, YANG Xiuyuan, SUN Xiujuan, LI Yanyan. 2023. Factors inducing the Xigouwan landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir area and the influence of antecedent precipitation. Journal of Geomechanics, 29(2): 253-263. doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2022049
Citation: SHI Xuelei, HAN Xudong, YANG Xiuyuan, SUN Xiujuan, LI Yanyan. 2023. Factors inducing the Xigouwan landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir area and the influence of antecedent precipitation. Journal of Geomechanics, 29(2): 253-263. doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2022049
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Factors inducing the Xigouwan landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir area and the influence of antecedent precipitation

  • 1.

    Field Scientific Observation and Research Platform for Geological Hazards Monitoring and Early Warning in Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Ministry of Natural Resources, Chongqing 404700, China

  • 2.

    Innovation Center for Geological Environment Monitoring Technology of Ministry of Natural Resources, Baoding 071051, Hebei, China

  • 3.

    Center for Hydrogeology and Environment, CGS, Baoding 071051, Hebei, China

  • 4.

    Faculty of Urban Construction, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China

    • Fund Project: This research is financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant 2019YFC1509702) and the Public Welfare Project of the China Geological Survey (Grants DD20190715 and DD20221813)
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Received Date:  24 April 2022
Revised Date:  10 October 2022
Publish Date:  28 April 2023
    Abstract

  • Monitoring data over the years have shown that seasonal rainfall and reservoir level changes have always accompanied the accelerated deformation of the Xigouwan landslide, which makes it difficult to identify the dominant triggering factors of landslide deformation and poses a challenge to risk analysis. Given this, this paper analyzed the correlation between the daily deformation rate of the active and inactive areas in the Xigouwan landslide and rainfall, reservoir level, and the change rate of reservoir level by applying the attribute reduction algorithm of the neighborhood rough set model. The calculation results showed that the deformation in the active area was mainly affected by the rainfall in the past seven days. It was also related to the short-term change rate of reservoir water level in some ways. The weak deformation in the inactive area was related to the change rate of reservoir water level in the past three days. Then, based on the landslide deformation characteristics, it was further obtained that the average rainfall in the past seven days inducing severe deformation in the active area was about 20 mm. The decline of the reservoir water level influenced its deformation, but the effect was small. The reservoir level change affected the weak deformation in the inactive area with negligible influence, while the weak deformation in the inactive area was mainly influenced by the reservoir level change. Finally, the seepage-mechanics numerical analysis of the Xigouwan landslide reveals the deformation mechanism of the active area under long-duration early rainfall. As the rainfall intensity increased from 1 mm/d to 20 mm/d, the pore water pressure at the bottom of the landslide body gradually increased. The internal reservoir level rose and extended to the active area, which caused the landslide body in the active area to go from a stable state to an under-stable state, leading to large deformation in the active area. In addition, the numerical simulation results further showed that the decline of the reservoir level had little effect on the internal seepage field and the stability in the active area. The reservoir level change greatly influenced the internal seepage field in the inactive area, indicating that the weak deformation in the inactive area was mainly affected by the reservoir level change. The complete analysis results of factors inducing the Xigouwan landslide in this paper can help provide early warning. The average rainfall of 20 mm in the past seven days can be used as one of the early warning thresholds for severe deformation in the active area of the Xigouwan landslide.

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