Key problems and countermeasures of high efficiency mining of deep brine

QIN Jianqiang; FU Deliang; PAN Tong; HAN Yuanhong; HE Maoyong; GUO Tingfeng; MENG Xiaorong; ZHANG Shaodong; JIA Jiantuan; ZHANG Xiaodong; ZHANG Liwei; LIU Wenge

doi:10.12029/gc20231008001

2025 Vol. 52, No. 4

Article Contents

Article navigation > Geology in China > 2025 > 52(4): 1268-1286

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QIN Jianqiang, FU Deliang, PAN Tong, HAN Yuanhong, HE Maoyong, GUO Tingfeng, MENG Xiaorong, ZHANG Shaodong, JIA Jiantuan, ZHANG Xiaodong, ZHANG Liwei, LIU Wenge. 2025. Key problems and countermeasures of high efficiency mining of deep brine[J]. Geology in China, 52(4): 1268-1286. doi: 10.12029/gc20231008001

Citation:

QIN Jianqiang, FU Deliang, PAN Tong, HAN Yuanhong, HE Maoyong, GUO Tingfeng, MENG Xiaorong, ZHANG Shaodong, JIA Jiantuan, ZHANG Xiaodong, ZHANG Liwei, LIU Wenge. 2025. Key problems and countermeasures of high efficiency mining of deep brine[J]. Geology in China, 52(4): 1268-1286. doi: 10.12029/gc20231008001

Key problems and countermeasures of high efficiency mining of deep brine

1.
Shaanxi Coal Geology Group Co., LTD., Key Laboratory of Coal Exploration and Comprehensive Utilization of Ministry of Natural Resources, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China
2.
Qinghai Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Exploration and Development, Qinghai Key Laboratory of Salt Lake Resources Exploration and Research of Qaidam Basin, Xining 810001, Qinghai, China
3.
State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi China
4.
Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an 710043, Shaanxi China

Fund Project: Supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2022YFC2904301), Shaanxi Province Sanqin Talent Plan Youth Top notch Talent Project.

More Information

Author Bio: QIN Jianqiang, male, born in 1965, professor-level senior engineer, engaged in geophysical exploration research; E-mail: tc194qjq@163.com
Corresponding author: FU Deliang, male, born in 1988, senior engineer, engaged in the research of energy geology; E-mail: fudl3513@foxmail.com.

Received Date: 08 October 2023

Revised Date: 29 January 2024

Publish Date: 25 July 2025

Abstract

Abstract

This paper is the result of hydrogeological survey engineering.
Objective
With the rapid development of the new energy industry in recent years, shallow brine extraction has become increasingly inadequate to meet industrial demands. Consequently, deep brine development has gained significant attention. A comprehensive analysis of the key challenges in deep brine extraction and the proposal of corresponding solutions are crucial for advancing exploration and extraction technologies for deep brine resources.
Methods
This paper addresses the challenges associated with deep brine reservoirs, including low permeability, low water yield, poor continuity, high salinity, and high viscosity. Through an extensive literature review, it systematically analyzes the current difficulties in geological exploration, extraction techniques, and drilling/completion technologies for deep brine. Specific solutions are proposed, and future technological development directions are outlined.
Results
The study concluded that: (1) High-quality geological exploration is the primary prerequisite for efficient extraction. Conducting targeted theoretical research on deep brine metallogenic geological models and innovating efficient exploration methods that integrate regional geological background with geophysical prospecting technologies are key to identifying favorable target zones. (2) Scientifically efficient well-flushing techniques, appropriate reservoir permeability enhancement, rational increases in water flow area, and optimized pumping drawdown are all promising methods for enhancing brine extraction efficiency. (3) Targeted technologies—including wellbore stability control for deep brine extraction wells, specialized drilling fluids and cement slurry systems, completion techniques for weakly cemented plastic formations, and anti-corrosion/anti-scaling technologies for down hole tools in deep brine reservoirs—can provide essential technical safeguards for deep brine extraction.
Conclusions
With the future advancement of technologies such as efficient adsorption or membrane separation, combined with reinjection techniques, novel integrated approaches are expected to emerge as more efficient, eco-friendly, and low-carbon methods for deep brine extraction. These include: integrated deep brine extraction-adsorption-reinjection technology (eliminating the need for salt evaporation ponds) and synergistic deep brine extraction combined with shallow soluble salt mining and CO₂ sequestration.
- deep brine /
- hydrogeological survey engineering /
- ore-forming mode /
- reservoir reconstruction /
- control drop depth /
- gas drive /
- recharge /
- drilling and completion technology /
- CO₂ storage

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References

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