| China Geological Survey Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences | Host |
| 科学出版社 | Publish |
| Citation: |
CAO Wengeng, WANG Yanyan, ZHANG Dong, SUN Xiaoyue, WEN Aixin, NA Jing. 2023. Research status and new development on heavy metals removal from industrial wastewater[J]. Geology in China, 50(3): 756-776. doi: 10.12029/gc20221128002
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Research status and new development on heavy metals removal from industrial wastewater
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Abstract
This paper is the result of hydrogeological survey engineering.
Objective With the improvement of industrialization, the discharge of industrial wastewater containing heavy metals (such as arsenic, copper, chromium, cadmium, nickel, zinc, lead, mercury and manganese) is gradually increasing. Due to its non-biodegradability and long half-life, heavy metals in wastewater cause severe pollution in groundwater, surface water, soil and crops, seriously endangering the health of human beings, animals and plants. Therefore, it is necessary to remove these toxic heavy metals from industrial wastewater.
Methods Based on the current status of heavy metal pollution in industrial wastewater, the current status and progress of heavy metal treatment in industrial wastewater are analyzed by comprehensively considering removal efficiency, treatment cost, sludge output, recyclability and other factors.
Results This paper presents the research of leading technologies on heavy metals removal from industrial wastewater. The internal mechanism, influencing factors (pH, temperature and heavy metal concentration) and the advantages and disadvantages of each technology are summarized. The development trend of heavy metal removal technology in industrial wastewater is proposed to provide a meaningful reference for the comprehensive treatment of industrial wastewater.
Conclusions Various heavy metal removal technologies have broad prospects for heavy metal treatment with some drawbacks. Conventional physical and chemical methods have problems such as high sludge production, low removal efficiency and high energy consumption. In contrast, biological methods strongly depend on pH and temperature and the high demand for energy and maintenance. The combined process is a feasible method to improve the removal efficiency of heavy metals. Research and development of new natural adsorbents, membrane technology and biotechnology, and strengthening the comprehensive application of various technologies are effective ways to remove heavy metals from industrial wastewater.
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CAO Wengeng, WANG Yanyan, ZHANG Dong, SUN Xiaoyue, WEN Aixin, NA Jing. 2023. Research status and new development on heavy metals removal from industrial wastewater[J]. Geology in China, 50(3): 756-776. doi: 10.12029/gc20221128002
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Figure 1.
Chemical precipitation model (after Peng and Guo, 2020)
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Figure 2.
Schematic diagram of different adsorption types (after Chai et al., 2021)
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Figure 3.
Schematic diagram of the overall process of ion flotation (after Chang et al., 2019)
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Figure 4.
Dominant phases and possible binding modes of MoS42- with HAsO42- in the LDH Gellery (after Ma et al., 2017)
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Figure 5.
Coagulation and flocculation processes (after Teh et al., 2016)
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Figure 6.
Schematic diagram of electrochemical process (after Tran et al., 2017)
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Figure 7.
Mechanism diagram of heavy metal removal by chitosan based nano adsorbent (after Haripriyan et al., 2022)
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Figure 8.
Schematic diagram of Pb2+ removal by hydrogel (after Lei et al., 2022)
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Figure 9.
Mechanism involved in heavy metal biosorption by bacterial biomass (after Priyadarshanee and Das, 2021)
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Figure 10.
Schematic diagram of membrane separation principle (after Zhu et al., 2019)
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Figure 11.
Schematic of a three compartment ED setup, where CEM is cation exchange membranes and AEM is anion exchange membranes (after Arana et al., 2022)
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Figure 12.
Photocatalytic processes on heterogeneous photocatalysts, where Eg is the band-gap energy, h+ is holes, VB is valance band, and CB is conduction band (after Ren et al., 2021)