Ten questions and visions of groundwater in the Taklimakan Desert: Based on 60−year hydrogeological investigation and research

YIN Lihe; ZHANG Jun; ZHANG Pengwei; GU Xiaofan; LI Xiaodeng

doi:10.12029/gc20220812001

2024 Vol. 51, No. 3

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YIN Lihe, ZHANG Jun, ZHANG Pengwei, GU Xiaofan, LI Xiaodeng. 2024. Ten questions and visions of groundwater in the Taklimakan Desert: Based on 60−year hydrogeological investigation and research[J]. Geology in China, 51(3): 865-880. doi: 10.12029/gc20220812001

Citation:

YIN Lihe, ZHANG Jun, ZHANG Pengwei, GU Xiaofan, LI Xiaodeng. 2024. Ten questions and visions of groundwater in the Taklimakan Desert: Based on 60−year hydrogeological investigation and research[J]. Geology in China, 51(3): 865-880. doi: 10.12029/gc20220812001

Ten questions and visions of groundwater in the Taklimakan Desert: Based on 60−year hydrogeological investigation and research

1.
Xi’an Center of China Geological Survey, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Groundwater and Ecology in Arid Regions of China Geological Survey, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi, China
3.
Urumqi Center on Integrated Natural Resources Survey of China Geological Survey, Urumqi 830057, Xinjiang, China

Fund Project: Supported by Innovation Capability Program of Shaanxi (No.2019TD−040) and the project of China Geological Survey (No.DD20190351).

More Information

Author Bio: YIN Lihe, male, born in 1977, Ph.D., professor, mainly engaged in hydrogeological survey and research in arid regions; E-mail: ylihe@mail.cgs.gov.cn

Received Date: 12 August 2022

Revised Date: 27 December 2022

Publish Date: 25 May 2024

Abstract

Abstract

This paper is the result of hydrogeological survey engineering.
Objective
A systematic review has been conducted on groundwater investigation and research in the Taklimakan Desert over the past 60 years to consolidate significant achievements and insights regarding groundwater recharge, discharge, and circulation. The review highlights key deficiencies in current research efforts, presents ten unresolved questions, and identifies areas for future study.
Methods
Investigation reports and academic papers were meticulously gathered on groundwater in the Taklimakan Desert for a comprehensive review on groundwater quality, quantity, and circulation. This review was conducted in conjunction with the latest relevant findings on desert groundwater from both domestic and international hydrogeological communities.
Results
Groundwater in the desert primarily originates from lateral groundwater flow from oases, precipitation, and river water infiltration. It is predominantly consumed by evapotranspiration, with a limited amount withdrawn by humans. The vast groundwater storage in the region is estimated to be around 80 trillion m³. However, there is currently significant uncertainty in estimating groundwater recharge and discharge. The overall groundwater quality is generally poor, as evidenced by the spatial distribution of total dissolved solids (TDS), with most of the desert containing saline groundwater with TDS levels ranging from 5 to 10 g/L, while only a small area has TDS levels below 5 g/L. Vertically, the groundwater quality is characterized by saline groundwater in deeper layers and brackish groundwater in upper layers. Regionally, groundwater flows northward and then shifts eastward at the northern edge of the Tarim River fluvial plain, with an average velocity of 55.94 m/a.
Conclusions
To address these scientific questions, future studies should focus on quantifying groundwater recharge and discharge using more precise and extended methodologies. Detailed data on groundwater circulation can be obtained through packer tests and monitoring to systematically analyze circulation patterns, establish regional groundwater flow patterns, and quantitatively summarize the characteristics of each flow system. Additionally, efforts should be made to identify sources of fresh water and develop techniques for utilizing high Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) groundwater in the desert in upcoming investigations and research endeavors.
- groundwater /
- groundwater recharge /
- groundwater resources /
- groundwater circulation /
- review and outlook /
- hydrogeological survey engineering /
- Taklimakan Desert

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References

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