Citation: | LIU Tao, LIAO Shenbing, FANG Chaogang, ZHANG Chengcheng, ZHOU Daorong, SHAO Wei, WANG Yuanjun. 2025. Pore size distribution characteristics of the Gufeng Formation shale in the Lower Yangtze area and its effect on gas–bearing properties[J]. Geology in China, 52(4): 1469-1484. doi: 10.12029/gc20220408004 |
This paper is the result of oil and gas exploration engineering.
The pore size distribution of shale reservoirs is a key factor affecting the occurrence of shale gas, and clarifying the pore size distribution characteristics of shale is the basis to study the law of shale gas enrichment.
By a case study of the Gufeng Formation shale in Well WWD-1, this paper studies the pore size distribution characteristics of the Gufeng Formation shale in the Lower Yangtze region by means of XRD, organic geochemical, high pressure mercury injection, N2 adsorption and CO2 adsorption experiments, and further discusses the effect of pore size distribution on the gas-bearing properties of shale.
The shale of the Gufeng Formation has an abundance of organic matter, and TOC is between 2.72% and 6.71% which has a good potential for hydrocarbon generation. The pore size distribution of Gufeng shale is complex, with micropores, mesopores and macropores widely developed. However, the pore volume of Gufeng shale is mainly contributed by mesopores, and the contribution rate of mesopores is 50%–68%. The hydrocarbon generation and evolution of organic matter provided a large number of micropores and mesopores for the shale of the Gufeng Formation. Clay minerals mainly developed micropores, and carbonate minerals were important for the development of macropores. Micropores and mesopores control the development of specific surface area of shale reservoirs, while mesopores and macropores have an important influence on the total pore volume. The development of micropores and mesopores is conducive to the occurrence of adsorbed gas and increases the preservation of internal gas. The development of mesopores and macropores can provide space for free gas and increase the total gas content. In the areas of structural stability, mesoporous and macroporous reservoirs can be used as advantageous exploration targets, but in complex structural areas, mesoporous reservoirs have an advantage.
The Gufeng Formation shale is located in the complex structural area of the Lower Yangtze. The pore types are mainly mesopores, with characteristics of mixed enrichment of adsorbed gas and free gas. The Gufeng Formation shale has a certain ability of anti-leaking under the guarantee of the total gas content, which is a target as the main layer of shale gas exploration and development in the Lower Yangtze.
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Structural zoning map (a, after Huang Baojia et al., 2013) and Permian stratigraphic column (b, after Bai Luheng et al., 2021) of the Lower Yangtze area
High pressure mercury intrusion curve of the Gufeng Formation shale in the Lower Yangtze area
High pressure mercury intrusion pore size distribution and pore volume change rate distribution map
Nitrogen adsorption-desorption curves of the Gufeng Formation shale in the Lower Yangtze area
Nitrogen adsorption pore size distribution and pore volume change rate distribution
CO2 adsorption-desorption curves of the Gufeng Formation shale in the Lower Yangtze area
CO2 adsorption pore size distribution and pore volume change rate distribution
Full pore size distribution map of the Gufeng Formation shale in the Lower Yangtze area
Correlation analysis between TOC and different types of pores
Correlation analysis between quartz content and different types of pores
Correlation analysis between carbonate mineral content and different types of pores
Correlation analysis between clay mineral content and different types of pores
Relationship between shale specific surface area, total pore volume, and gas content(after Yang Bowei et al., 2024)
Correlation between micropores, mesopores, macropores and specific surface area of shale in the Gufeng Formation
Correlation between micropores, mesopores, macropores and total pore volume of shale in the Gufeng Formation
Comparison of gas-bearing properties of different types of pore reservoirs