China Geological Survey Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesHost
科学出版社Publish
Advanced Search
Previous Article Next Article
2021 Vol. 48, No. 3
Article Contents
Article navigation > Geology in China > 2021 > 48(3): 764-776
Next Article Previous Article

ZHAO Yan, LUAN Wenlou, GUO Haiquan, CAI Kui, MA Zhongshe, DUN Yanran. 2021. Characteristics, causes and ecological environment health evaluation of Selenium-enriched soil in Gaocheng District of Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province[J]. Geology in China, 48(3): 764-776. doi: 10.12029/gc20210307
Citation: ZHAO Yan, LUAN Wenlou, GUO Haiquan, CAI Kui, MA Zhongshe, DUN Yanran. 2021. Characteristics, causes and ecological environment health evaluation of Selenium-enriched soil in Gaocheng District of Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province[J]. Geology in China, 48(3): 764-776. doi: 10.12029/gc20210307
shu

Characteristics, causes and ecological environment health evaluation of Selenium-enriched soil in Gaocheng District of Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province

  • 1.

    Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei, China

  • 2.

    Geological Exploration Technology Center, Hebei Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Exploration, Shijiazhuang 050081, Hebei, China

  • 3.

    Hebei Institute of Geological Survey, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei, China

    • Fund Project: Funded by the Innocation Funding Project for Postgraduates in Hebei Province(No.CXZZSS2020114)、Hebei Institute of Geological Survey ([2013] No.005 (Soil)) and the 16th Student Science and Technology Fund Research Project of Hebei GEO University(No.KAD201908)
More Information
  • Author Bio: ZHAO Yan, female, master candidate, majoring in mineralogy, petrology and ore deposits, mainly engaged in agricultural geological research; E-mail: 1186015928@qq.com
  • Corresponding author: LUAN Wenlou, male, professor, graduate tutor, mainly engaged in mineralogy and environmental geochemistry; E-mail: 942118577@qq.com 
Received Date:  12 March 2020
Revised Date:  08 May 2020
Publish Date:  25 June 2021
    Abstract

  • Selenium has an important impact on human health. This paper takes Gaocheng as a research object to test and analyze the content of selenium and heavy metal elements in different media in the study area with HG-AFS and ICP-MS method. Based on the discussing of the characteristics, main causes and sources of selenium content in soil, the health of the local ecological environment is evaluated. The results show that the average selenium in the surface soil of Gaocheng is 0.32mg/kg, and the enrichment coefficient reaches 1.68, which is generally higher in the southern part of the study area, about 171.12 km2 reaching the standard of selenium-rich soil. The selenium enrichment in soil is mainly caused by human beings, and its main sources are coal burning and irrigation water. The selenium content of agricultural products in the selenium-rich area is much higher than that in the non-selenium-rich area, part of which meets the natural selenium-rich food standard. The selenium intake of residents is about 123.47 mg/d, which is at a reasonable level. The heavy metal pollution degree is Cd> Hg> Pb> Cu> Zn> Ni> As. The ecological risk assessmen of a single heavy metal t shows that Cd and Hg are the main hazard elements, and the other heavy metal potential risks are low. The human health risk assessment of heavy metals indicates that the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk indexes in the study area are within a safe range, and oral intake is a source of health. Children are more vulnerable to oral intake than adults.

    • FullText(HTML)
  • 加载中
    • References
  • An Yonglong, Huang Yong, Zhang Yanling, Qu Xueyan. 2020. Bioavailability and source analyses of Se-enriched soil in the south of Fangshan district, Beijing[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 39(Z1): 387-399(in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar

    Bao Liran, Deng Hai, Jia Zhongmin, Li Yu, Dong Jinxiu, Yan Mingshu, Zhang Fenglei. 2020. Ecological and health risk assessment of heavy metals in farmland soil in northwest Xiushan, Chongqing[J]. Geology in China, 47(6): 1625-1636(in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar

    Chen Jinping, Liu Yongxian, Zeng Chengcheng, Pan Liping, Xing Ying, Liao Qing, Liang Panxia, Jiang Zepu. 2019. Research advances in the effects of rainfall on soil selenium migration and transformation[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 38(6): 1909-1915(in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar

    Chen Jiping, Ren Rui, Wang Hui, Luo Ting, Chao Xu, Zhang Zhimin, Hu Kui. 2020. Effect of lou soil pH change on selenium forms and availability[J]. Northwestern Geology, 53(1): 254-260 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar

    Chen Liang, Li Tao. 2004. Element selenium and human body health[J]. Studies of Trace Elements and Health, 21(3): 58-597(in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar

    Chen Wenjing. 2008. Shallow Groundwater Geochemical Evaluation of Hebei Plain[D]. Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 16-17(in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar

    China Environmental Monitoring Station. 1990. Chinese Soil Element Background Values[M]. Beijing: China Science Press, 87-496(in Chinese).

    Google Scholar

    Cui Liye. 2010. Analysis on Unitary Development of Urban and Rural Within the Urban Area[D]. Hebei Normal University, 14-15(in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar

    Ferreira-Baptista L, De Miguel E. 2005. Geochemistry and risk assessment of street dust in Luanda, Angola: A tropical urban environment[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 39 (25): 4501-4512. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.03.026

    CrossRef Google Scholar

    Gao J, Liu Y, Huang Y, Lin Z Q, Banuelos G S, Lam H W, Yin X B. 2011. Daily selenium intake in a moderate selenium deficiency area of Suzhou, China[J]. Food Chemistry, 126(3): 1088-1093. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.11.137

    CrossRef Google Scholar

    Hakanson L. 1980. An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control a sediment to logical approach[J]. Water Research, 14(8): 975-1001. doi: 10.1016/0043-1354(80)90143-8

    CrossRef Google Scholar

    He Yufu, Zhang Jian, Liu Jia, Liu Fengxia, Wang Yuejin. 2008. Investigation of dietary nutrition intake of residents in some areas of Hebei Province[C]//Chinese Nutrition Society. Proceedings of public nutrition branch of the 10th National Nutrition Academic Conference of Chinese Nutrition Society. Chinese Nutrition Society: Public Nutrition Branch of Chinese Nutrition Society, 54-59 (in Chinese).

    Google Scholar

    Huang Yimin, Yu Xin, Han Ling, Gu Yun, Jin Ming, Chen Baotian, Guo Jinliang, Li Yong. 1998. Protective effect of selenium on human erythrocyte rheology[J]. Beijing Biomedical Engineering, 17(2): 100-107(in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar

    Jiang Xia, Zhang Li, Cui Yujun, Li Ying. 2020. Spatial distribution of soil selenium and its relation with soil properties in Suiling County, Heilongjiang Province[J]. Geology and Resources, 29(6): 592-596, 578 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar

    Li Jiaxi, Zhang Guangdi, Ge Xiaoli. 2000. Geochemical Environmental Characteristics and Prediction of Human Selenium Deficiency and Surplus[M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 5-8((in Chinese).

    Google Scholar

    Li Ning, Zhao Huijuan. 2011. Investigation of copper, manganese, zinc and selenium contents in vegetables, fruits, grains and fresh meat in Jinan, Shandong[J]. Journal of Environment and Health, 28(7): 613-615 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar

    Li Zhenning. 2010. The Study of Source Tracking of Se Anomaly and Ecological Appraisal in Plain Terrain of Hebei[D]. Shijiazhuang University of Economics, 21-22 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar

    Liao Qilin, Cui Xiaodan, Huang Shunsheng, Huang Biao, Ren Jinghua, Gu Xueyuan, Fan Jian, Xu Hongting. 2020. Elemental geochemistry of Selenium-enriched soil and its main origin in Jiangsu Province[J]. Geology in China, 47(6): 1813-1825(in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar

    Liao Qilin, Ren Jinghua, Xu Weiwei, Cui Xiaodan, Jin Yang, Li Wenbo, Fan Jian, Zhu Bowan. 2016. Geological and geochemical background of Se-rich rice production in Yili area, Jiangsu Province[J]. Geology in China, 43(5): 1791-1802(in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar

    Luan Wenlou, Li Suimin, Cui Xingtao, Song Zefeng. 2012. Regional Eco-Geochemical Evaluation of Hebei Plain[D]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 299-230(in Chinese).

    Google Scholar

    Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China. 2014. HJ 25.3-2014, Technical Guidelines for Risk Assessment of Contaminated Sites[S]. Beijing: China Environmental Science Press, 53-55(in Chinese).

    Google Scholar

    Muller G. 1969. Index of geoaccumulation in sediments of the Rhime River[J]. Geological Journals, (2): 109-118.

    Google Scholar

    Peng Xi, Cui Hengmin. 2010. Advance in effects of selenium on immune function[J]. Chinese Veterinary Science, 40(8): 867-872(in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar

    Qi Yuwei, Shi Changyi. 2005. Se ecological environment and human body health[J]. Studies of Trace Elements and Health, (2): 63-66(in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar

    Qin Haibo, Zhu Jianming, Zhu Yongxuan, Lei Lei. 2009. Advances in research on atmospheric selenium[J]. Earth and Environment, 37(3): 304-314(in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar

    Qiu Huiyuan. 2017. Prediction of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution in the Eastern Part of Baoding[D]. Hebei GEO University, 23-24(in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar

    Rotruck J T, Pope A L, Ganther H E, Swanson A B. Hafeman D G, Hoekstra W G. 1973. Selenium: Biochemical role as a component of glutathione peroxidase[J]. Science, 79(4073): 588-590.

    Google Scholar

    Shijiazhuang Gaocheng District Local Chronicle Compilation Committee. 2019. Shijiazhuang Gaocheng Yearbook (2018)[M]. Hebei: Hebei People's Publishing House, 51-55(in Chinese).

    Google Scholar

    Su Xiaoyun. 1998. Development and Utilization of Selenium Resources in China[M]. Beijing: China Meteorological Press, 17-139(in Chinese).

    Google Scholar

    Tahtat D, Benamar M A, Aklil K, Mouzai M, Azebouche A. 2003. Selenium intake in food ration in the region of Algiers[J]. Trace Microprobe Tech., 21: 181-188. doi: 10.1081/TMA-120017914

    CrossRef Google Scholar

    Tan J A, Zhu W, Wang W, Li R B, Hou S F, Wang D C, Yang L S. 2002. Selenium in soil and endemic diseases in China[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 284(1/3): 227-235.

    Google Scholar

    Tan Jianan. 1989. Atlas of Endemic Diseases and Environment of the People's Republic of China[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 1-118((in Chinese).

    Google Scholar

    USEPA. 2011. Exposure Factors Handbook[R]. Washington: National Center for Environmental Assessment.

    Google Scholar

    USEPA. 1989. Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund, vol. I: Human Health Evaluation Manual[R]. Washington, DC: Office of Emergency and Remedial Response, 15-28.

    Google Scholar

    Wang Changyu, Zhang Surong, Liu Jihong, Xing Yi, Yang Junquan. 2019. Evaluation of the characteristic land resources with Zn、Se and their ecological effects in Raoyang county of Hebei province[J]. Geological Survey and Research, 42(1): 49-56 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar

    Wang Wuyi, Wang Dacheng, Wang Weizhong, Wang Lizhen. 1992. A preliminary study on leaching of selenium in the soils of china. Geographical Research, 11(2): 34-40(in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar

    Wang Zhe, Liu Shaoqing, Chen Xiaomin, Lin Chunye. 2008. Estimates of the exposed dermal surface area of Chinese in view of human health risk assessment[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment, 8(4): 152-155(in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar

    Wei Huijuan, Luo Xianchou, Xing Jie, Feng Yimin, Mao Baolin, Wang Yinglong, Chen Zhongliu. 1987. Selenium intake and metabolic study in workers of Yunnan Tin Mine[J]. Acta Academiae Medicinaf Snincae, 9(3): 198-201(in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar

    Xiong Yongmin, Yang Xiaoli, Zhang Dandan, Li Qiang, Zhang Di, Li Zhaofang. 2018. Research progress in biological function of selenium and environmentally associated diseases[J]. Soils, 50(6): 1105-1112(in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar

    Yang Guangqi, Yin Shian, Gu Lvzhen, Zhou Ruihua, Man Ronge, Yan Benwu, Wu Tian, Chen Wenliang, Liu Xizhou, Liu Yiqing, Zhang Yougeng, Han Zhongshun, Liu Yiqi, Pu Changhe, Yu Xingtai. 1990. Studies on the maximum safe selenuim intake of humans Ⅰ. selenium intake and tissue-selenium level of inhabitants[J]. Journal of Hygiene Research, (2): 24-28, 56(in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar

    Yang Guangqi, Zhou Ruihua, Sun Shuzhuang, Wang Shuzhen, Li Shensi. 1982. Endemic selenium intoxication of man in China and the selenium levels of human body and environment[J]. Acta Nutrimenta Sinca, (2): 81-89(in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar

    Yang Guangqi. 1989. Studies on human requirement of selenium[J]. Chinese Journal of Endemiology, (5): 28-32, 59(in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar

    Yang Guangqi. 1992. Summary of research results on dietary selenium requirement and safe intake range[J]. Acta Nutrimenta Sinca, (3): 318-321(in Chinese).

    Google Scholar

    Yang Liguo, Ma Zhichao, Wang Xin. 2019. Geochemical characteristics of selenium in the soil of Horqin District, Inner Mongolia[J]. Geology and Resources, 28(4): 383-388 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar

    Zhang Xiuzhi, Ma Zhnogshe, Wang Zhijun, Xie Weimin. 2012. Study of geochemistry character and transportation pattern of selenium and mercury in Kailuan coal field of Tangshan[J]. Chinese Journal of Geology, 47(3): 908-920(in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar

    Zhang Xiuzhi, Ma zhongshe. 2009. Report on Multi-objective Regional Geochemical Survey in Hebei Plain[R]. Hebei Institute of Geological Survey, 31-57 (in Chinese).

    Google Scholar

    Zhang Yongsheng, Li Renlan, Liu Yan, He Yu, Huang Keke. 2018. Research progress on effects of selenium on human health[J]. Internal Medicine, 13(4): 623-625, 662(in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar

    Zhang Zhehuan, Zhao Jun, Dai Huimin, He Pengfei, Wei Minghui. 2020. Geochemistry of selenium in soil-crop system of Nehe City, Heilongjiang Province[J]. Geology and Resources, 29(1): 38-43 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar

    安永龙, 黄勇, 张艳玲, 曲雪妍. 2020. 北京房山南部地区富硒土壤生物有效性特征及来源[J]. 地质通报, 39(Z1): 387-399.

    Google Scholar

    鲍丽然, 邓海, 贾中民, 李瑜, 董金秀, 严明书, 张风雷. 2020. 重庆秀山西北部农田土壤重金属生态健康风险评价[J]. 中国地质, 47(6): 1625-1636.

    Google Scholar

    陈锦平, 刘永贤, 曾成城, 潘丽萍, 邢颖, 廖青, 梁潘霞, 江泽普. 2019. 降雨对土壤硒迁移转化的影响研究进展[J]. 生态学杂志, 38(6): 1909-1915.

    Google Scholar

    陈继平, 任蕊, 王晖, 罗婷, 晁旭, 张志敏, 胡奎. 2020. 关中塿土地区土壤pH变化对硒形态及有效性的影响[J]. 西北地质, 53(1): 254-260.

    Google Scholar

    陈亮, 李桃. 2004. 元素硒与人体健康[J]. 微量元素与健康研究, (3): 58-59. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-5320.2004.03.027

    CrossRef Google Scholar

    陈文婧. 2008. 河北平原浅层地下水水地球化学评价[D]. 内蒙古农业大学, 16-17.

    Google Scholar

    崔立烨. 2010. 都市区内县(市)域城乡统筹发展规划探讨[D]. 河北师范大学, 14-15.

    Google Scholar

    何玉伏, 张健, 刘佳, 刘风霞, 王跃进. 2008. 河北省部分地区居民膳食营养摄入状况调查[C]. 中国营养学会. 中国营养学会第十次全国营养学术会议公共营养分会论文集. 中国营养学会: 中国营养学会公共营养分会, 54-59.

    Google Scholar

    黄益民, 虞欣, 韩玲, 顾云, 金鸣, 陈宝田, 郭金良, 李勇. 1998. 微量元素硒对人红细胞流变性的保护作用[J]. 北京生物医学工程, (2): 37-44.

    Google Scholar

    姜侠, 张立, 崔玉军, 李瑛. 2020. 黑龙江省绥棱县土壤硒空间分布特征及其与土壤性质的关系[J]. 地质与资源, 29(6): 592-596, 578.

    Google Scholar

    李家熙, 张光第, 葛晓立. 2000. 人体硒缺乏与过剩的地球化学环境特征及其预测[M]. 北京: 地质出版社, 5-8.

    Google Scholar

    李宁, 赵慧娟. 2011. 济南市区蔬菜、水果、粮食和鲜肉中铜、锰、锌、硒含量调查[J]. 环境与健康杂志, 28(07): 613-615.

    Google Scholar

    李振宁. 2010. 河北省平原区土壤中硒异常源追踪及生态效应评价[D]. 石家庄经济学院, 21-22.

    Google Scholar

    廖启林, 崔晓丹, 黄顺生, 黄标, 任静华, 顾雪元, 范健, 徐宏婷. 2020. 江苏富硒土壤元素地球化学特征及主要来源[J]. 中国地质, 47(6): 1813-1825.

    Google Scholar

    廖启林, 任静华, 许伟伟, 崔晓丹, 金洋, 李文博, 范健, 朱伯万. 2016. 江苏宜溧富硒稻米产区地质地球化学背景[J]. 中国地质, 43(5): 1791-1802.

    Google Scholar

    栾文楼, 李随民, 崔邢涛, 宋泽峰. 2012. 河北平原区域生态地球化学评价[D]. 北京: 地质出版社, 299-230.

    Google Scholar

    彭西, 崔恒敏. 2010. 硒对免疫功能影响的研究进展[J]. 中国兽医科学, 40(8): 867-872.

    Google Scholar

    齐玉薇, 史长义. 2005. 硒的生态环境与人体健康[J]. 微量元素与健康研究, (2): 63-66. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-5320.2005.02.029

    CrossRef Google Scholar

    秦海波, 朱建明, 朱咏喧, 雷磊. 2009. 大气环境中硒的存在形式、来源及通量[J]. 地球与环境, 37(3): 304-314.

    Google Scholar

    邱慧远. 2017. 保定市东部某区域土壤重金属污染预警预测[D]. 河北地质大学, 23-24.

    Google Scholar

    石家庄市藁城区地方志编纂委员会. 2019. 石家庄市藁城年鉴(2018)[M]. 河北: 河北人民出版社, 51-55.

    Google Scholar

    苏晓云. 1998. 中国硒资源的开发与利用[M]. 北京: 中国气象出版社, 17-139.

    Google Scholar

    谭见安. 1989. 中华人民共和国地方病与环境图集[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1-118.

    Google Scholar

    王昌宇, 张素荣, 刘继红, 邢怡, 杨俊泉. 2019. 河北省饶阳县富锌、硒特色土地及其生态效应评价[J]. 地质调查与研究, 42(1): 49-56.

    Google Scholar

    王五一, 王大成, 王卫中, 王丽珍. 1992. 我国土壤中硒的淋溶[J]. 地理研究, (2): 34-40.

    Google Scholar

    王喆, 刘少卿, 陈晓民, 林春野. 2008. 健康风险评价中中国人皮肤暴露面积的估算[J]. 安全与环境学报, (4): 152-156. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-6094.2008.04.038

    CrossRef Google Scholar

    魏慧娟, 罗贤懋, 邢洁, 冯益民, 毛宝霖, 王应龙, 陈钟毓. 1987. 云锡工人硒摄入量与代谢研究[J]. 中国医学科学院学报, (3): 198-201. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-503X.1987.03.012

    CrossRef Google Scholar

    熊咏民, 杨晓莉, 张丹丹, 李强, 张迪, 李昭芳. 2018. 硒的生物学效应与环境相关性疾病的研究进展[J]. 土壤, 50(6): 1105-1112.

    Google Scholar

    杨光圻, 荫士安, 顾履珍, 周瑞华, 满荣娥, 严本武, 吴天, 陈文亮, 刘西洲, 刘贻庆, 张友耿, 韩忠顺, 刘义奇, 普长河, 喻兴田. 1990. 硒的人体最大安全摄入量的研究——一、居民硒的日摄入量和组织硒的含量[J]. 卫生研究, (2): 24-28+56.

    Google Scholar

    杨光圻, 周瑞华, 孙淑庄, 王淑真, 李慎思. 1982. 人的地方性硒中毒和环境及人体硒水平[J]. 营养学报, (2): 81-89.

    Google Scholar

    杨光圻. 1989. 人的硒需要量研究[J]. 中国地方病学杂志, (5): 28-32, 59.

    Google Scholar

    杨光圻. 1992. 膳食硒需要量和安全摄入量范围研究结果述要[J]. 营养学报, (3): 318-321. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0512-7955.1992.03.002

    CrossRef Google Scholar

    杨立国, 马志超, 王鑫. 2019. 内蒙古通辽市科尔沁区土壤硒地球化学特征[J]. 地质与资源, 28(4): 383-388. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1947.2019.04.012

    CrossRef Google Scholar

    张秀芝, 马忠社, 郭海全. 2009. 河北平原多目标区域地球化学调查报告[R]. 河北省地质调查院, 31-57.

    Google Scholar

    张秀芝, 马忠社, 王志军, 谢伟民. 2012. 唐山开滦煤矿区Se、Hg元素地球化学特征及其迁移循环规律研究[J]. 地质科学, 47(3): 908-920. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0563-5020.2012.03.024

    CrossRef Google Scholar

    张勇胜, 李仁兰, 刘妍, 贺瑜, 黄可可. 2018. 硒对人体健康作用的研究进展[J]. 内科, 13(4): 623-625, 662.

    Google Scholar

    张哲寰, 赵君, 戴慧敏, 贺鹏飞, 魏明辉. 2020. 黑龙江省讷河市土壤-作物系统Se元素地球化学特征[J]. 地质与资源, 29(1): 38-43. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1947.2020.01.005

    CrossRef Google Scholar

    中国环境监测总站. 1990. 中国土壤元素背景值[M]. 北京: 中国科学出版社, 87-496.

    Google Scholar

    中华人民共和国环境保护部. 2014. HJ 25.3-2014, 污染场地风险评估技术导则[S]. 北京: 中国环境科学出版社, 53-55.

    Google Scholar

    • Relative Articles
  • Cited by
  • Supplements
    • Proportional views
  • 加载中
通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
  • 1. 

    沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

  1. 本站搜索
  2. 百度学术搜索
  3. 万方数据库搜索
  4. CNKI搜索

Figures(5)

Tables(14)

Export Citation
PDF
XML

Article Metrics

Article views(3323) PDF downloads(341) Cited by(0)

Access History

Other Articles By Authors

Catalog

    /

    DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
    Return
    版权所有：中国地质调查局发展研究中心 copyright @2020