| China Geological Survey Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences | Host |
| 科学出版社 | Publish |
| Citation: |
HU Le, LI Yike, SUN Sheng, LI Ruiping, KE Changhui, WANG Anjian. 2023. Identification of new igneous carbonatites in the Bayan Obo area, Inner Mongolia[J]. Geology in China, 50(6): 1788-1803. doi: 10.12029/gc20210110002
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Identification of new igneous carbonatites in the Bayan Obo area, Inner Mongolia
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Abstract
This paper is the result of mineral exploration engineering.
Objective The formation of the giant Bayan Obo REE deposit is closely related to carbonatitic magmatism. Near the ore district, southwest of West Ore Body, there are carbonate rocks with a certain scale covered by Mesozoic-Cenozoic sediments, the genesis of which can indicate the formation process of the well-known Bayan Obo deposit.
Methods This contribution demonstrates that these rocks are actually igneous by the detailed study on petrology and mineralogy.
Results The rocks were little affected by fluid metasomatism and can be divided into dolomite type and calcite type according to their mineral compositions. Bulk rock analysis shows that these carbonatites are rich in Sr (>4940×10-6), Mn (>2150×10-6) and Ba (>106×10-6), and the average REE content are 938×10-6, much higher than that of sedimentary carbonates. The δ13CV-PDB and δ18OV-SMOW of the rock samples are-3.7‰--4.2‰ and 6.7‰-7.7‰, respectively, typical of primary igneous carbonatite. They have relatively homogeneous Sr isotopic compositions (87Sr/86Sr=0.702815-0.703185), indicating the mantle-derived rocks were contaminated by the crust limitedly. In addition, the mineral chemical features of dolomite, calcite and apatite also indicate an igneous origin.
Conclusions The identification of these carbonatites is of great significance for the comparative study on the Bayan Obo deposit and tectonic evolution of the area.
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References
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HU Le, LI Yike, SUN Sheng, LI Ruiping, KE Changhui, WANG Anjian. 2023. Identification of new igneous carbonatites in the Bayan Obo area, Inner Mongolia[J]. Geology in China, 50(6): 1788-1803. doi: 10.12029/gc20210110002
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Figure 1.
Tectonic location of the Bayan Obo region (a), distribution of ore bodies of the Bayan Obo deposit and the covered carbonatites (b), and sketch geological map of the covered carbonatite area (c)
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Figure 2.
Hand specimen of dolomite carbonatite (a, b) from ZK106-3 and calcite carbonatite (c, d) from ZK9-1
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Figure 3.
Representative photomicrographs of dolomite carbonatite samples from ZK106-3 and calcite carbonatite samples from ZK9-1
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Figure 4.
CaO-MgO-TFe2O3+MnO classification diagram of samples from ZK106-3 and ZK9-1 (modified from Woolley and Kempe, 1989)
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Figure 5.
Primitive mantle-normalized trace element spider diagrams (a) and chondrite-normalized REE patterns (b) for rock samples from ZK106-3 and ZK9-1 (normalized values are after Sun and McDonough, 1989; McDonough and Sun, 1995)
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Figure 6.
Chondrite-normalized REE patterns of apatite grains from calcite-carbonatites (normalized values after McDonough and Sun, 1995)
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Figure 7.
SrO-MnO diagram of dolomites and calcites in rock samples (the dotted line value is after Yang and Le bas, 2004)
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Figure 8.
Y versus Sr (a) and Mn versus Sr (b) diagrams of apatite grains in calcite-carbonatite samples (the base map is after Belousova et al., 2002)
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Figure 9.
Carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of dolomite-carbonatite samples (data range of OIC is according to Taylor et al., 1967)