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2023 Vol. 50, No. 4
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SUN Hongwei, XU Kangkang, ZUO Libo, REN Junping, TANG Wenlong, GU Alei, WU Xingyuan, CHIPILAUKA Mukofu, ALPHET Phaskani Dokowe. 2023. Distribution characteristics, types, supply-demand and development utilization status of zirconium and titanium resources[J]. Geology in China, 50(4): 1070-1081. doi: 10.12029/gc20201104001
Citation: SUN Hongwei, XU Kangkang, ZUO Libo, REN Junping, TANG Wenlong, GU Alei, WU Xingyuan, CHIPILAUKA Mukofu, ALPHET Phaskani Dokowe. 2023. Distribution characteristics, types, supply-demand and development utilization status of zirconium and titanium resources[J]. Geology in China, 50(4): 1070-1081. doi: 10.12029/gc20201104001
shu

Distribution characteristics, types, supply-demand and development utilization status of zirconium and titanium resources

  • 1.

    School of Earth Science and Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China

  • 2.

    Tianjin Center of China Geological Survey, Tianjin 300170, China

  • 3.

    Southern African Mining Research Institute, China Geological Survey, Tianjin 300170, China

  • 4.

    Geological Survey Department of Zambia, Lusaka, P. O. Box. 50135, Zambia

    • Fund Project: Supported by the projects of the Ministry of Commerce (No.[2015] 352) and China Geological Survey (No.DD20221801)
More Information
  • Author Bio: SUN Hongwei, male, born in 1986, senior engineer, mainly engaged in the mineral exploration and regional metallogenic research; E-mail: shwcub@163.com
  • Corresponding author: XU Kangkang, male, born in 1986, senior engineer, mainly engaged in the mineral exploration and regional metallogenic research; E-mail: xukang06@163.com 
Received Date:  04 November 2020
Revised Date:  05 December 2022
Publish Date:  25 August 2023
    Abstract

  • This paper is the result of mineral exploration engineering.

     Objective

    Zirconium and titanium resources in China are scarce and the market demand is large, heavily dependent on import. Sorting out the distribution of zirconium and titanium resources, metallogenic types and supply and demand status is of great significance for further zirconium and titanium exploration and development.

     Methods

    This paper systematically collected and sorted out the endowment, deposit types, supply and demand conditions and resource potentials of zirconium and titanium resources in the world.

     Results

    Zirconium resources in the world are mainly placer-type, titanium resources consist mainly of ilmenite and rutile, and high-quality titanium resources are also dominated by sedimentary placers. Zirconium and titanium resources in the world have the characteristics of concentrated distribution and separation between supply and demand, shown mainly as follows: Zirconium resources are mainly concentrated in Australia (71.43%), South Africa (8.43%) and Mozambique (2.57%) (accounting for more than 80%). China is the world's largest importer of zirconium resources, mainly from Australia and South Africa; Ilmenite resources are mainly distributed in China (32.86%), Australia (22.86%), India (12.14%) and other countries, while rutile resources are mainly distributed in Australia (62.31%), India (14.87%), South Africa (13.07%) and other countries. Although China's titanium resources account for a high proportion of reserves, its resource endowment is poor (high-grade titanium depends on imports), and it is the world's largest net importer of titanium resources, Mozambique and Vietnam are currently the largest overseas sources of titanium resources.

     Conclusions

    Zirconium and titanium resources are still in short supply in China in the future. We should further increase investment in exploration and development, expand overseas sources, improve the level of industrial chain development, and establish a sustainable development and security system for zirconium and titanium resources as soon as possible.
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    沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

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