Citation: | XIONG Liangli, YANG Chupeng, WU Jiaoqi, GAO Hongfang, YAO Yongjian, LI Xuejie, ZHU Xueying, CHENG Zihua. 2020. Characteristics of stratigraphic sedimentary in the south-north continental margin basin of the South China Sea and its differential control on hydrocarbon accumulation[J]. Geology in China, 47(5): 1407-1425. doi: 10.12029/gc20200508 |
As the largest marginal sea in western Pacific, the South China Sea is rich in oil and gas resources, and the difference in hydrocarbon occurrence laws between the north and south is large. On the basis of the systematic analysis of the MesozoicCenozoic strata and sedimentary facies development characteristics of the South China Sea, the petroleum geological conditions of the typical petroliferous basins in the south and north of the South China Sea were compared and analyzed. The results show that the reconstruction of the sedimentary strata of the ancient South China Sea by the opening process of the South China Sea causes the existing residual strata to separate from north to south, mainly distributed in the Pearl River Mouth Basin and the Tainan Basin in the north, and in the Lile Basin in the south. It is inferred that there are Mesozoic-Cenozoic hydrocarbon accumulation models of "selfgeneration and self-storage", "new-generation and paleo-storage" or "paleo-generation and new-storage". The Cenozoic oil and gas reservoirs in the South China Sea are under the tectonic stress background of "north extension and south extrusion". The distribution of large clastic reservoirs has been controlled by the paleo-water system since Paleogene. Regional tectonic movements and sea level change controlled the development of Miocene carbonate reservoirs. The deep-water canyons, deep-sea fans, and fan-delta sedimentary systems controlled by paleo-geomorphology since the early Cenozoic have spawned potential deep-water reservoirs. In a word, the south and north sedimentary strata of the South China Sea have their own characteristics, and the hydrocarbon accumulation conditions have their own advantages, but they all have good prospects for oil and gas exploration. This paper is expected to provide reference for future strategic deployment and selection of oil and gas exploration in the South China Sea.
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Distribution of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary basins in the South China Sea and major fault systems
Characteristics of Mesozoic stratigraphic development of Lufeng 35-1 structure (LF35-1-1) in Chaoshan depression(see Fig. 1 for its location)
Seismic reflection characteristics of Mesozoic-Cenozoic in the Lile Basin(see Fig. 1 for its location)
Seismic reflection characteristics of typical Cenozoic strata in northern South China Sea(see Fig. 1 for its location)
Schematic diagram of the continental shelf delta in Zengmu Basin(see Fig. 1 for its location)
Classification and typical examples of carbonate platform
Conditions and comparison of source-resevoir-cap in the basins of the northern, western, southern and eastern islands of the South China Sea
Paleogeomorphology and sedimentary system model during the rifting period of the Zhusan depression in the Pearl River Mouth Basin (afterJiang Hua et al., 2008)
Delta sedimentary model of the margin of the continental shelf in Baiyun sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin (afterZhu Weilin, 2012)
Plane distribution of the Honghe sedimentary system (afterWang Yingming, 2011)
Sequence packing grid and lithologic stratigraphic trap distribution in Wan'an Basin (after Yang Chupeng et al., 2011)
Delta evolution pattern of the Brunei-Sabah basin in the southern South China Sea (after Lei Zhibin et al., 2016)