Citation: | JIANG Haoyuan, ZHAO Zhidan, ZHU Xinyou, YANG Shangsong, JIANG Binbin, YANG Chaolei, MAO Chunwei. 2020. Characteristics and metallogenic significance of granite porphyry and pyroxene diorite in the Bianjiadayuan Pb-Zn-Ag polymetallic deposit, Inner Mongolia[J]. Geology in China, 47(2): 450-471. doi: 10.12029/gc20200213 |
Located in the southern section of the CAOB (Central Asian Orogenic Belt), the Bianjiadayuan Pb-Zn-Ag polymetallic deposit belongs to the Sn-Cu-Zn-Pb metallogenic belt of Da Hinggan Mountains. In this study, a series of analyses, such as LAICP-MS zircon U-Pb isotopic dating, major element and trace elements testing and electron microprobe analysis of albite, were performed for the granite porphyry and augite diorite. The results show that the age of granite porphyry and pyroxene diorite are ca. 138 Ma and ca.137 Ma respectively, indicating that the intrusive rocks are products of the magmatic activities in the Early Cretaceous. The pyroxene diorite belongs to high K calc-alkaline series and calc-alkaline series with SiO2 (50.99%-52.89%), CaO (7.4%7-7.51%), MgO (3.64%-4.68%), and alkali (Na2O+K2O) 4.91%-5.36%. Granitic porphyry with miarolitic structure and microscopic identification shows that feldspar is all alkaline feldspar. Non-mineralized granite porphyry is characterized by high SiO2 (50.99%-52.89%), alkali (Na2O+K2O=4.83%-9.42%), A/CNK (1.13-2.40), LREE enrichment, strong negative Eu anomalies (δEu=0.12-0.32), enrichment of LILE such as Rb, Th, U and K, depletion of HFSE such as Ta, Nb, P and Ti and transition elements such as Sr and Ba. According to the electron microprobe analyses, the An values of the albite in granite porphyry are by far lower than 10 (0.03-4.64). These features are similar to the features of typical highly evolved A2 post-orogenic alkali feldspar granite pluton, suggesting that the magma was derived from the lithospheric mantle and formed in the tensional setting. Combined with the geological characteristics and previous research results, the authors hold hat the metallogenic geological body of the Bianjiadayuan area is the granite porphyry pluton, and there is still a great potential for mineralization in the deep part of western mining area.
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Geologic map of the Great Hinggan Range (GHR) in northeast China (a) and igneous rocks in the southern section of Greater Khingan Range showing the locations and timing of major ore deposits (b) (modified from Liu et al., 2016b and project results)
Simplified geological map of the Bianjiadayuan (a) and long exploration line profile in Bianjiadayuan deposit (b) (modified from CNNC No.243)
Characteristics of fault and fracture zone in core and surface of Bianjiadayuan deposit
Petrographic characteristics of porphyritic granite and cryptoexplosive breccia in Bianjiadayuan deposit
Characteristics of specimen (a) and photomicrograph of pyroxene diorite (b)
Cathodoluminescence (CL) image and measured positions of representative zircons from the porphyritic granite (a) and pyroxene diorite (b) in Bianjiadayuan deposit
U, Th content in zircons from porphyritic granite (a) and pyroxene diorite (b)
U-Pb concordia diagrams of zircon from porphyritic granite (a) and pyroxene diorite (b) in the Bianjiadayuan deposit
SiO2-alkali classification diagram (a, after Irvine and Baragar, 1971; Middlemost, 1994) and SiO2-K2O diagram (b, after Peccerillo and Taylor, 1976) of porphyritic granite and pyroxene diorite in Bianjiadayuan deposit
Chondrite-normalized REE patterns (a) and primitive-mantle-normalized trace element patterns (b) of porphyritic granite and pyroxene diorite (chondrite and primitive mantle normalized data from Sun and Mcdonough, 1989)
Core characteristics photos in Bianjiadayuan deposit
A-type granite discrimination diagrams (A, I, S, M represent A-type, I-type, S-type, M-type granite respectively; after Whalen et al., 1987)
Rb-Sr-Ba discrimination diagram of porphyritic granite in Bianjiadayuan deposit
δEu-La/Y diagram (a), Nb-Ce-Y diagram of A-type granite (b), lg[CaO/(Na2O+K2O)]-SiO2 diagram (c), Y-Nd diagram of granite in Bianjiadayuan deposit (d) (after Brown, 1982; Pearce et al., 1984; Eby, 1992)
Metallogenic model of Bianjiadayuan deposit (a before the fault activity; b after the activity)