The formation mechanism of ground fissures in Qingxu-Taigu area, Shanxi Province

JIA Runxing; FANG Weixuan; ZHANG Jianguo; ZHANG Pubing; ZHANG Zhongyi; XIAO Wenjin; QIN Bangce; SUN Yinhang

doi:10.12097/j.issn.1671-2552.2022.07.014

2022 Vol. 41, No. 7

Article Contents

Article navigation > Geological Bulletin of China > 2022 > 41(7): 1282-1290

Next Article Previous Article

JIA Runxing, FANG Weixuan, ZHANG Jianguo, ZHANG Pubing, ZHANG Zhongyi, XIAO Wenjin, QIN Bangce, SUN Yinhang. The formation mechanism of ground fissures in Qingxu-Taigu area, Shanxi Province[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2022, 41(7): 1282-1290. doi: 10.12097/j.issn.1671-2552.2022.07.014

Citation:

JIA Runxing, FANG Weixuan, ZHANG Jianguo, ZHANG Pubing, ZHANG Zhongyi, XIAO Wenjin, QIN Bangce, SUN Yinhang. The formation mechanism of ground fissures in Qingxu-Taigu area, Shanxi Province[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2022, 41(7): 1282-1290. doi: 10.12097/j.issn.1671-2552.2022.07.014

The formation mechanism of ground fissures in Qingxu-Taigu area, Shanxi Province

1.
China Nonferrous Metals Resource Geology Survey, Beijing 100012, China
2.
Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, China Geological Survey, Baoding 071051, Hebei, China

Received Date: 10 April 2020

Revised Date: 30 May 2020

Publish Date: 15 July 2022

Abstract

Abstract

Qingxu-Taigu area, Shanxi Province is one of the high incidence of geological disasters in China, the main types of geological disasters are active fault, landslide, earthquake, ground fissure and so on.This article based on the ground route geology survey, geophysical prospecting and hydrological engineering drilling, preliminarily divided the ground fissures in this area into two categories, which are the ground fissures nearby mountain and the ground fissures in central basin.The ground fissures nearby mountain are mainly associated with the active fault in the transition zone between the mountain and the graben basin, the underlying bedrock of the basin shows the characteristics of "dual structure" mainly consisting of the thick layer of sandstone and thin bedded silty mudstone, which is very easy to produce interlayer slip and lead to geological disasters such as ground fissures induced by the external factors(such as heavy rain and earthquake, etc.).The ground fissures in central basin are mainly related to groundwater overexploitation besides the possible concealed faults under the basin.The results of hydro-engineering drilling show that there are multiple aquifers in the central basin.The aquifers closed by impermeable thick clay layer or silty clay layer are usually composed of silty sands or fine sands.When the groundwater in central basin is overexploited, the water level will decrease, and the aquifer will sink to form ground fissure by the gravity of overlying strata.In addition, a small amount of white salts are often found in the Upper Pleistocene silty mudstone that may be the reason for the general saltiness of underground water in this area
- Qingxu-Taigu /
- graben basin /
- ground fissure /
- formation mechanism /
- geological survey engineering

FullText(HTML)

References

[1]	Geng D Y, Li Z S. Ground fissure hazards in USA and China[J]. Acta Seismologica Sinica, 2000, 13(4): 466-476. doi: 10.1007/s11589-000-0029-4 CrossRef Google Scholar
[2]	Rudolph D L, Cherry J A, Farvolden R N. Groundwater flow and solute transport in fractured lacustrine clay near Mexico city[J]. Water Resources Research, 1991, 27(9): 2187-2201. doi: 10.1029/91WR01306 CrossRef Google Scholar
[3]	Ei Baruni S S. Earth fissures caused by groundwater withdrawal in Sarir south agricultural project area, Libya[J]. Applied Hydrogeology, 1994, 2(1): 45-52. doi: 10.1007/s100400050045 CrossRef Google Scholar
[4]	Ayalew L, Yamagishi H, Reik G. Ground cracks in Ethiopian rift valley: facts and uncertainties[J]. Engineering Geological, 2004, 75: 309-324. Google Scholar
[5]	彭建兵. 汾渭盆地地裂缝成因研究中的若干关键问题[J]. 工程地质学报, 2007, 15(4): 433-440. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9665.2007.04.001 CrossRef Google Scholar
[6]	孟令超, 彭建兵, 卢全中, 等. 山西太原盆地地裂缝群发机制与深部构造关系[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报, 2019, 30(1): 76-85. Google Scholar
[7]	邓亚虹, 彭建兵, 慕焕东, 等. 渭河盆地深部构造活动的地裂缝孕育机理[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2013, 43(2): 521-527. Google Scholar
[8]	陈元明. 山西断陷盆地地裂缝特征分析[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报, 2016, 27(3): 72-80. Google Scholar
[9]	孙晓涵, 彭建兵, 崔向美, 等. 山西太原盆地地裂缝与地下水开采、地面沉降关系分析[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报, 2016, 27(2): 91-98. Google Scholar
[10]	苏宗正, 郝何龙, 侯廷爱, 等. 太原盆地的地裂及其灾害[J]. 山西地震, 2000, (3): 1-5. Google Scholar
[11]	汪丽, 李新生, 李同录. 隐伏地裂缝扩展的大型原位浸水试验研究[J]. 地质力学学报, 2019, 25(3): 412-420. Google Scholar
[12]	Peng J B, Qiao J W, Sun. Distribution and generative mechanisms of ground fissures in China[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2020, 191: 1-14. Google Scholar
[13]	Howard K W F, Zhou W F. Overview of ground fissure research in China[J]. Environmental Earth Sciences, 2019, 78(3): 97. doi: 10.1007/s12665-019-8114-6 CrossRef Google Scholar
[14]	谢新生, 江娃利, 孙昌斌, 等. 山西交城断裂带多个大探槽全新世古地震活动对比研究[J]. 地震地质, 2008, 30(2): 412-430. Google Scholar
[15]	谢新生, 江娃利, 王焕贞, 等. 山西太谷断裂带全新世活动及其与1303年洪洞8级地震的关系[J]. 地震学报, 2004, 26(3): 281-293. Google Scholar
[16]	张岳桥, 廖昌珍, 施炜, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地周边地带新构造演化及其区域动力学背景[J]. 高校地质学报, 2006, 12(3): 285-297. Google Scholar
[17]	门玉明, 彭建兵, 李寻昌. 山西清徐县地裂缝灾害现状及类型分析[J]. 工程地质学报, 2007, 15(4): 453-457. Google Scholar
[18]	马秀芳, 赵晋泉, 薛晓东, 等. 山西清徐地裂缝调查与灾害损失评估研究[J]. 地震工程学报, 2016, 38(2)增刊: 308-313. Google Scholar
[19]	叶黎明, 齐天俊, 彭海燕. 鄂尔多斯盆地东部山西组海相沉积环境分析[J]. 沉积学报, 2008, 26(2): 202-210. Google Scholar
[20]	王涛, 徐鸣洁, 王良书, 等. 鄂尔多斯及邻区航磁异常特征及其大地构造意义[J]. 地球物理学报, 2007, 50(1): 163-170. Google Scholar
[21]	马寅生, 赵逊, 赵希涛, 等. 太行山南缘新生代的隆升与断陷过程[J]. 地球学报, 2007, 28(3): 219-233. Google Scholar