Abstract: As significant mineral resources, lead and zinc play a vital role in industrial production.The S, Pb, C-H-O isotopic geochemistry can be employed to explain geological issues such as the material sources of rocks and ores, ore-forming fluids, and their genesis.Extensive research on the stable isotopes of lead-zinc deposits since the 1980s has yielded fruitful results, laying a good foundation for a national summary from the perspective of a single mineral species.This paper synthesizes 10 000 datasets of S, Pb, H, O and C isotopes related to important Pb-Zn deposits in China, and the results show that the S and Pb isotopic characteristics of China’s lead-zinc deposits indicate a complex source of ore-forming materials, primarily deep-source magma and host strata (marine sediments).The H-O and C-O isotopic characteristics suggest that the water in the ore-forming fluids of China’s lead-zinc deposits mainly originates from magmatic water and meteoric water, while the C in these fluids mainly stems from magma and marine carbonate rocks.The spatial distribution patterns of S and Pb isotopes reveal that from west to east and north to south in China, lead-zinc deposits are richer in ³²S, indicating a greater involvement of crustal materials in the mineralization processes of deposits in the eastern and southern regions.The C-H-O isotopic characteristics suggest that, compared to the northwestern regions, the lead-zinc deposits in southeastern China have more atmospheric precipitation or basin brines participating in mineralization.