The damage assessment, remediation, and restoration program of natural resources and ecological damage in coastal zones of the USA: The revelation to China

Coastal zone is a complex environmental system located at the interface between the land and the sea, where human activity is most concentrated. China's continental coastline is about 18000 kilometers, involving 11 coastal provinces. The contradiction between population, resources and environment in coastal areas is becoming increasingly serious with the rapid development of the coastal economy. The coastal zone is confronted with a series of ecological environment and disaster geological problems such as resource disordered development, water and soil pollution, coastal wetland degradation, coastal erosion and land subsidence, which have become one of the main problems affecting the construction of ecological civilization construction of China. Therefore, China has been continuing to strengthen the protection of coastal ecological environment, and has put forward some measures such as the implementation of major projects for protection and restoration of important ecosystem, strengthening wetland protection and restoration. In the USA, the Damage Assessment, Remediation, and Restoration of NOAA have been implemented for nearly 30 years, with significant effect obtained. The successful experience of DARRP, such as perfecting the legal system, regulating the damage assessment and restoration program, data integration management and sharing application, is worth learning.

The authors suggest to improve coastal zone of ecological environmental damage assessment and restoration technique system and institutional system in China, carry out natural resources and ecological environment survey in coastal zone orderly, strengthen the researches on the evolution of the coastal zone and coastal wetland ecosystem and remediation technology, build a unified basic survey database, and establish monitoring and early warning system in the coastal zone.