Abstract: The area of Tianshui cities group, Gansu, and the Chengdu-Lanzhou traffic corridors are located in the middle of the north-south active seismic belt, eastern Xizang Plateau. The study area is a geological and geomorphic boundary zone between the eastern and western China, with strong tectonic activities and frequent earthquakes. Based on the analysis of geological data and field geological survey, focusing on active faults, shallow geological hazards and engineering geological problems of deep-buried tunnels, the engineering geological problems which would be encountered during the construction of the Tianshui cities group and the Chengdu-Lanzhou traffic corridors were summarized in this article. The results show that, there are 15 active faults with great significance to the seismic and regional tectonic stress field. The geological hazards are well developed in this area, including collapses, landslides and debris flows, and they are seriously affected by heavy rainfalls, earthquakes and active faults. Also, there are a series of ancient earthquakes-induced landslides. Some of the collapses and landslides are in large size group and with high position, long-runout and other characteristics, with serious harm, and they could seriously affected the construction of cities, towns, railways, highways and other surface construction. There are some long and deep-buried tunnels in the study area and with serious engineering geological problems, such as high geo-stress, large deformation of soft rock, gushing water and high ground temperature, and other major engineering geological problems, and there are potential existence of fault breaking along the active faults to the deep-buried tunnels, important bridges and other engineering facilities. At last, The methods to solve the above-mentioned engineering geological problems and some solutions are suggested.