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2025 Vol. 8, No. 3
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Xiao-tao Zhang, Jun-jie Hu, Bin Shen, Man-dan Huang, Shan-hong Lan, Zhi-hang Xin, 2025. Multi-compartmental migration and ecological-health risks of trace metals in Dexing mining concentration areas: A holistic quantitative assessment, China Geology, 8, 500-513. doi: 10.31035/cg20250074
Citation: Xiao-tao Zhang, Jun-jie Hu, Bin Shen, Man-dan Huang, Shan-hong Lan, Zhi-hang Xin, 2025. Multi-compartmental migration and ecological-health risks of trace metals in Dexing mining concentration areas: A holistic quantitative assessment, China Geology, 8, 500-513. doi: 10.31035/cg20250074
shu

Multi-compartmental migration and ecological-health risks of trace metals in Dexing mining concentration areas: A holistic quantitative assessment

  • a.

    National Research Center for Geoanalysis, Chinese Academy of Geological Science, Beijing 100037, China

  • b.

    School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China

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Received Date:  13 January 2025
Revised Date:  08 April 2025
Accepted Date:  27 April 2025
Available Online:  16 July 2025
Publish Date:  15 July 2025
    Abstract

  • To address the critical gap in linking multi-compartmental transfer with risks of trace metals (Cd, Pb, As, Cr, Ni) in mining environments. This study systematically investigated the trans-media migration of Cd, Pb, As, Cr, and Ni in China’s Dexing copper mining district through paired sampling of water-amphibians, soil-earthworms, and air-lichens. Advanced methodologies were employed, including ICP-MS quantification for heavy metals, geochemical indices (Igeo, BCF, BAF) to assess bioavailability, NMDS for source apportionment, and HPLC to detect DNA methylation alterations. Aquatic systems exhibited severe Cd/Pb enrichment (16.25–24.42 μg/L; 11–15× WHO limits), while agricultural soils showed extreme Cd contamination (1.5 mg/kg; 15× background). Biota displayed metal-specific accumulation: frogs achieved BCFs >1,000 for Pb/Cd, earthworms showed pH-modulated BAFs >2.5 for Cd/As, and lichens recorded 100–1,000× atmospheric Cr enrichment. NMDS resolved three contamination pathways: mining-derived Cd/Pb/As (MDS1 = 2.56), atmospheric Cr (PC2 = 1.84), and geogenic Ni. Cd dominated ecological risks (Eri = 554.25; RI $\geqslant $ 300), while atmospheric Cr drove carcinogenic risks (TCR = 4.11×10-5) exceeding safety thresholds. The source-media-biota-risk framework pioneers the integration of geochemical transport with epigenetic toxicity biomarkers, demonstrating that sub-lethal Cd/Pb exposure induces genome-wide DNA hypomethylation (2.4%–6.6% reduction; ρ = −0.71 to -0.91). This paradigm shift prioritizes bioavailability-informed regulations over concentration-based metrics, offering actionable strategies for sustainable development goals-aligned mining pollution control.

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