| Citation: |
Xin Wang, 2021. New observation on seed/ovule position in the fruit of Archaeanthus and its systematic implications, China Geology, 4, 752-755. doi: 10.31035/cg2021026
|
New observation on seed/ovule position in the fruit of Archaeanthus and its systematic implications
-
-
References
[1] Arber EAN, Parkin J. 1907. On the origin of angiosperms. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Botany, 38(263), 29–80. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8339.1907.tb01074.x [2] Buzgo M, Soltis PS, Soltis DE. 2004. Floral developmental morphology of Amborella trichopoda (Amborellaceae). International Journal of Plant Sciences, 165(6), 925–947. doi: 10.1086/424024 [3] Canright JE. 1960. The comparative morphology and relationships of the Magnoliaceae. III. Carpels. American Journal of Botany, 47(2), 145–155. doi: 10.1002/j.1537-2197.1960.tb07107.x [4] Cronquist A. 1988. The Evolution and Classification of Flowering Plants. Bronx, New York Botanical Garden, 555. [5] Dilcher DL, Crane PR. 1984. Archaeanthus: An early angiosperm from the Cenomanian of the Western Interior of North America. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 71(2), 351–383. doi: 10.2307/2399030 [6] Friis EM, Pedersen KR, von Balthazar M, Grimm GW, Crane PR. 2009. Monetianthus mirus gen. et sp. nov, a nymphaealean flower from the Early Cretaceous of Portugal. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 170(8), 1086–1101. doi: 10.1086/605120 [7] Ji Q, Li H, Bowe M, Liu Y, Taylor DW. 2004. Early Cretaceous Archaefructus eoflora sp. nov. with bisexual flowers from Beipiao, Western Liaoning, China. Acta Geologica Sinica (English edition), 78(4), 883–896. [8] Liu ZJ, Wang X. 2018. A novel angiosperm from the Early Cretaceous and its implications on carpel-deriving. Acta Geologica Sinica (English edition), 92(4), 1293–1298. doi: 10.1111/1755-6724.13627 [9] Mendes MM, Grimm GW, Pais J, Friis EM. 2014. Fossil Kajanthus lusitanicus gen. et sp. nov. from Portugal: Floral evidence for Early Cretaceous Lardizabalaceae (Ranunculales, basal eudicot). Grana, 53(4), 283–301. doi: 10.1080/00173134.2014.932431 [10] Miao Y, Liu ZJ, Wang M, Wang X. 2017. Fossil and living cycads say “No more megasporophylls”. Journal of Morphology and Anatomy, 1, 107. [11] Romanov MS, Dilcher DL. 2013. Fruit structure in Magnoliaceae s.l. and Archaeanthus and their relationships. American Journal of Botany, 100(8), 1494‒1518. doi: 10.3732/ajb.1300035. [12] Sun G, Dilcher DL, Zheng S, Zhou Z. 1998. In search of the first flower: A Jurassic angiosperm, Archaefructus, from Northeast China. Science, 282, 1692–1695. doi: 10.1126/science.282.5394.1692 [13] Sun G, Ji Q, Dilcher DL, Zheng S, Nixon KC, Wang X. 2002. Archaefructaceae, a new basal angiosperm family. Science, 296, 899–904. doi: 10.1126/science.1069439 [14] Wang X. 2018. The Dawn Angiosperms. Cham, Switzerland, Springer, 407. [15] Wang X, Hu GW, Liao WB, Guo XM, Cui DF. 2021. On the orientation of the carpel sutures in Fabaceae. Plant Science Journal, 39, 208–210. doi: 10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2021.20208 [16] Wang X, Liu ZJ, Liu W, Liao W, Zhang X, Liu Z, Hu G, Guo X, Wang Y. 2020. Stepping out of the shadow of Goethe: For a more scientific plant systematics. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 55(4), 505–512. [17] Wang X, Luo B. 2013. Mechanical pressure, not genes, makes ovulate parts leaf-like in Cycas. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 4(12A), 53–57. [18] Wang X, Zheng XT. 2012. Reconsiderations on two characters of early angiosperm Archaefructus. Palaeoworld, 21(3–4), 193–201. doi: 10.1016/j.palwor.2012.10.002 [19] Zhang X, Liu W, Wang X. 2017. How the ovules get enclosed in magnoliaceous carpels. PLOS ONE, 12(4), e0174955. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174955 -
Access History
Figures(2)
Export File
Citation
Xin Wang, 2021. New observation on seed/ovule position in the fruit of Archaeanthus and its systematic implications, China Geology, 4, 752-755. doi: 10.31035/cg2021026
Format
Content
DownLoad:
-
Figure 1.
Infructescence, fruits, and in situ seeds/ovules of Archaeanthus linnenbergeri. a‒an infructescence. IU15703-2300′. Bar = 5 mm. b‒the counterpart of the infructescence is shown in Fig. 1a. IU15703-2300′. Bar = 5 mm. c‒detailed view of the fruit arrowed in Fig. 1a. Note the in situ seeds/ovules (arrows) and their spatial relationship relative to the adaxial (AD) and abaxial (AB) margins of the fruit. Bar = 1 mm. d‒detailed view of the two seeds/ovules (within the left rectangle in Fig. 1c). Note the organic attachment of seeds/ovules (bottom arrows) to the abaxial margin (AB) of the fruit and the gap (between the two top arrows) between the seeds/ovules and adaxial margin. Bar = 0.5 mm. e‒adaxial insertion of a row of seeds/ovules inside the fruit marked by the arrow in Fig. 1b. Note the adaxial margin (AD) of the fruit and the smooth outlines of the in situ seeds/ovules. Bar = 1 mm. f‒a stern fruit stalk. IU15703-2318′. Bar = 5 mm. g‒detailed view of the three seeds/ovules (within the right rectangle in Fig. 1c). Note one of the seeds/ovules (1) close to the abaxial margin (AB) and the other two (2, 3) attached to the adaxial margin (AD) in the same fruit. Bar = 0.5 mm.
-
Figure 2.
Sketch of an Archaeanthus linnenbergeri fruit showing the seed (SE)/ovule(OV) insertion along both ventral/adaxial (AD) and dorsal/abaxial (AB) margins of the fruit.