| Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences | Host |
| Groundwater Science and Engineering Limited | Publish |
| Citation: |
Zhang Mei-hui, Zhou Shi-yang, Liu Dan-dan, Zhang Ying, Zhang Yu-xi, Chen Xi, Wang Hui-wei, Li Bei, Kang Wei, Yi Bing, Shi Wan-peng. 2024. Characteristics and genesis of groundwater salinization in coastal areas of the Lower Reaches of Oujiang Basin. Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 12(2): 190-204. doi: 10.26599/JGSE.2024.9280015
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Characteristics and genesis of groundwater salinization in coastal areas of the Lower Reaches of Oujiang Basin
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Abstract
The coastal areas of the lower reaches of Oujiang River Basin are rich in groundwater resources. However, the unsustainable exploitation and utilization of groundwater have led to significant changes in the groundwater environment. Understanding the characteristics and genesis of groundwater salinization is crucial for preventing its deterioration and ensuring sustainable utilization. In this study, a comprehensive approach combining the ion ratio method, mineral saturation index method and multivariate statistical analysis was employed to investigate the hydrochemical characteristics and main controlling factors in the study area. The findings reveal that: (1) Groundwater samples in study area exhibit a neutral to slightly alkaline pH. The predominant chemical types of unconfined water are HCO3-Ca·Na, HCO3·Cl-Na·Ca and HCO3·SO4-Ca·Na, while confined water mainly exhibits Cl·HCO3-Na and Cl-Na types. (2) Salinity coefficients indicate an increase in salinity from unconfined to confined water. TDS, Na+ and Cl– concentrations show an increasing trend from mountainous to coastal areas in unconfined water, while confined water displays variability in TDS, Na+ and Cl– concentrations. (3) Groundwater salinity is mainly influenced by water-rock interactions, including the dissolution of halite and gypsum, cation exchange, and seawater intrusion etc. Additionally, human activities and carbonate dissolution contribute to salinity in unconfined water. Seawater intrusion is identified as the primary factor leading to higher salinity in confined water compared to unconfined water, with increasing cation exchange and seawater interaction observed from unconfined to confined water.
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Keywords:
- Hydrochemical /
- Multivariate statistical analysis /
- Seawater intrusion
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References
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Zhang Mei-hui, Zhou Shi-yang, Liu Dan-dan, Zhang Ying, Zhang Yu-xi, Chen Xi, Wang Hui-wei, Li Bei, Kang Wei, Yi Bing, Shi Wan-peng. 2024. Characteristics and genesis of groundwater salinization in coastal areas of the Lower Reaches of Oujiang Basin. Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 12(2): 190-204. doi: 10.26599/JGSE.2024.9280015
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Figure 1.
Schematic map of hydrogeology and locations of sampling points in the study area
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Figure 2.
The hydrogeological cross section along the A-A′ in the study area
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Figure 3.
Piper diagram of groundwater in the study area
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Figure 4.
Anion hydrochemical type of unconfined and confined water in study area
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Figure 5.
Spatial distribution of main ions in unconfined and confined water
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Figure 6.
The relationship between Cl– and depth in groundwater
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Figure 7.
Gibbs diagrams of unconfined and confined water
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Figure 8.
The ratio plots of major ion in groundwater and chlor-alkali index diagram
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Figure 9.
The concentration relationship between SI and TDS of main minerals
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Figure 10.
The ratio plots of γ(SO42–/ Na+) and γ(NO3–/ Na+), Cl– and NO3– in unconfined and confined water
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Figure 11.
The ratio plots of Br–/Cl–and Cl– in unconfined and confined water
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Figure 12.
Spatial distribution map of seawater intrusion for unconfined (left) and confined water (right)