Citation: | LIU Baishun, LIANG Rongrong, LI Zhongming, LIU Lei, SUN Xuefei, LIU Xuefei. 2024. Geological characteristics and metallogenic regularity of bauxite in Mianchi, Henan Province. East China Geology, 45(4): 414-429. doi: 10.16788/j.hddz.32-1865/P.2024.01.015 |
The Mianchi bauxite field is an important bauxite accumulation area in western Henan, where more than 10 large bauxite deposits have been discovered. However, the low degree of comprehensive research on bauxite deposits has resulted in unclear metallogenic regularity and no deep metallogenic prediction has been carried out. This paper introduced geological background, orebody, ore minerals and geochemical characteristics of Mianchi bauxite field in detail, focusing on the orebody characteristics, mineral composition, ore structure and main chemical composition of Houling and Lizhuangzhai bauxite deposits. Based on the analysis of the chemical composition changing rule, the weathering intensity of provenance, the weathering depositional environment, the metallogenic materials and the metallogenic regularities in aluminum-bearing rock series, combined with the research results of lithofacies paleogeography and tectonic evolution of aluminum-bearing rock series, it is proved that Mianchi bauxite has experienced multi-stage and periodic deposition and is the product of long-term weathering residual accumulation. The ore-forming materials of bauxite in Mianchi is multi-source. Leaching during bauxite formation results in significant improvement in ore grade. The bauxite deposit has the characteristics of multi-sedimentary center mineralization controlled by paleo-karst terrain. During the forming of bauxite, the Mianchi area was a gently inclined peneplain karst terrain, and bauxite extensively enriched in this area. After multi-stage structural transformation after diagenesis, a tectonic pattern dominated by syncline was formed in Mianchi, which deeply buried the ore-bearing strata in the core and south wing of the syncline, and it is predicted that large-scale high-quality bauxite still exists in the middle and deep parts of the syncline.
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Tectonic location (a) , regional geological structure (b) and geology and mineral resources (c) of the Mianchi mine field (Henan Geological Survey Institute, 2015; Wang et al., 2009)
Profile of H120 exploration line of the Leiguo—Houling bauxite deposit (Henan Geological Survey Institute, 2015; Aluminum Corporation of China,2004)
Profile of H31 exploration line of the Lizhuangzhai bauxite deposit(Henan Geological Survey Institute, 2015)
Bauxite ore and its photomicrographs of Mianchi bauxite deposit
Vertical variation curve of the primary chemical compositions of aluminium−bearing rock series in the Zk11616 drill core in the Houling bauxite deposit
Relation of the main components, CIA, CIW, and ICV of the aluminum bearing rock series in the drill core Zk4803 of Houling bauxite deposit
Paleo-karst terrain, borehole distribution and borehole column correlation of Houling bauxite deposit in Mianchi (Henan Geological Survey Institute, 2015)