Citation: | WANG Xiaojie, YAN Zhonghui, LIU Jun, LIU Xinxin, YANG Jiajia. Generalized free surface multiple suppression technique based on model optimization and its application to the deep water of the Indian Ocean[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2021, 41(5): 221-230. doi: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2020101202 |
The bottom of the deep water area of the Indian Ocean is rather flat, and the main multiples are usually related to the multiples created by strong energy and wide frequency wave band, which are difficult to be removed by the conventional generalized free surface multiples prediction technique. In order to solve the problem, the multi-wave model is improved with the generalized free surface multi-wave prediction technique, and thus the original data are separated into two parts, i.e. low frequency data and high frequency data. The low-frequency data may be converted into curvelet domain to optimize the multi-wave model. Reducing the multi-wave model directly from the original data, multiples are suppressed. The technique has been successfully applied in the deep waters of the Indian Ocean, as the correlation multiples of the seabed are suppressed, the effective signals highlighted, and the signal-to-noise ratio and quality of the profile obviously improved.
[1] | Oz Yilmaz. Seismic Data Processing[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 1994: 379-389. |
[2] | 叶月明, 郭庆新, 庄锡进, 等. 不同阶次自由表面相关多次波预测与成像方法[J]. 地球物理学报, 2019, 62(6):2237-2248 doi: 10.6038/cjg2019M0036 YE Yueming, GUO Qingxin, ZHUANG Xijin, et al. Prediction and migration of different order surface-related multiples [J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2019, 62(6): 2237-2248. doi: 10.6038/cjg2019M0036 |
[3] | 刘伊克, 常旭, 王辉, 等. 波路径偏移压制层间多次波的理论与应用[J]. 地球物理学报, 2008, 51(2):589-595 doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0001-5733.2008.02.032 LIU Yike, CHANG Xu, WANG Hui, et al. Internal multiple removal and its application by wavepath migration [J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2008, 51(2): 589-595. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0001-5733.2008.02.032 |
[4] | 刘伊克, 朱伟林, 米立军, 等. 南海深水多次波成像[J]. 中国科学: 地球科学, 2015, 45(2):152-160 LIU Yike, ZHU Weilin, MI Lijun, et al. Migration of multiples from the South China Sea [J]. Science China: Earth Science, 2015, 45(2): 152-160. |
[5] | Guo S J, Li Z C, Tong Z Q, et al. Joint imaging of primaries and surface-related multiples based on generalized shot-profile migration [J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2011, 54(4): 1098-1105. |
[6] | Verschuur D J, Berkhout A J, Wapenaar C P A. Adaptive surface-related multiple elimination [J]. Geophysics, 1992, 57(1): S1-S9. |
[7] | Varela C L, Rosa A L, Ulrych T J. Modeling of attenuation and dispersion [J]. Geophysics, 1993, 58(8): 1167-1173. doi: 10.1190/1.1443500 |
[8] | 刘站, 刘洪, 孙军, 等. 地表数据驱动的与层相关的层间多次波消除方法及应用[J]. 地球物理学报, 2019, 62(6):2227-2236 doi: 10.6038/cjg2019N0009 LIU Zhan, LIU Hong, SUN Jun, et al. Surface-based layer-related inter-layer multiple elimination method and its application [J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2019, 62(6): 2227-2236. doi: 10.6038/cjg2019N0009 |
[9] | 周小鹏, 刘伊克, 李鹏. 改进的多道预测算子压制浅水多次波方法[J]. 地球物理学报, 2019, 62(2):667-679 doi: 10.6038/cjg2018M0260 ZHOU Xiaopeng, LIU Yike, LI Peng. Improved shallow water demultiple method with multichannel prediction operators [J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2019, 62(2): 667-679. doi: 10.6038/cjg2018M0260 |
[10] | 余昌辉. 基于曲波变换的地震随机噪声压制新方法[J]. 海洋石油, 2017, 37(1):11-15 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-2336.2017.01.011 YU Changhui. A new method to suppress random seismic noise based on curvelet transform [J]. Offshore Oil, 2017, 37(1): 11-15. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-2336.2017.01.011 |
[11] | 张之涵, 孙成禹, 姚永强, 等. 三维曲波变换在地震资料去噪处理中的应用研究[J]. 石油物探, 2014, 53(4):421-430 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1441.2014.04.007 ZHANG Zhihan, SUN Chengyu, YAO Yongqiang, et al. Research on the application of 3D curvelet transform to seismic data denoising [J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum, 2014, 53(4): 421-430. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1441.2014.04.007 |
[12] | 曹静杰, 杨志权, 杨勇, 等. 一种基于曲波变换的自适应地震随机噪声消除方法[J]. 石油物探, 2018, 57(1):70-78 CAO Jingjie, YANG Zhiquan, YANG Yong, et al. An adaptive seismic random noise elimination method based on Curvelet transform [J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum, 2018, 57(1): 70-78. |
[13] | 方云峰, 聂红梅, 张丽梅, 等. 基于数据规则化和稀疏反演的三维表面多次波压制方法[J]. 地球物理学报, 2016, 59(2):673-681 doi: 10.6038/cjg20160224 FANG Yunfeng, NIE Hongmei, ZHANG Limei, et al. 3D SRME based on joint regularization and sparse inversion [J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2016, 59(2): 673-681. doi: 10.6038/cjg20160224 |
[14] | 张华, 刁塑, 温建亮, 等. 应用二维非均匀曲波变换压制地震随机噪声[J]. 石油地球物理勘探, 2019, 54(1):16-23 ZHANG Hua, DIAO Su, WEN Jianliang, et al. A random noise suppression with 2D non-uniform curvelet transform [J]. Oil Geophysical Prospecting, 2019, 54(1): 16-23. |
[15] | van Dedem E J, Verschuur D J. 3D surface-related multiple prediction, a sparse inversion approach [J]. Geophysics, 2005, 70(3): 95-134. |
[16] | Weglein A B. Multiple attenuation: An overview of recent advances and the road ahead [J]. The Leading Edge, 1999, 18(1): 40-44. doi: 10.1190/1.1438150 |
[17] | Weisser T, Pica A L, Herrmann P, et al. Wave equation multiple modelling: acquisition independent 3D SRME [J]. First Break, 2006, 24(9): 75-79. |
[18] | 张振波. 南海北部深水地震勘探所遇到的挑战与对策[J]. 海洋石油, 2015, 35(1):9-15 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-2336.2015.01.009 ZHANG Zhenbo. Challenges and measures in seismic exploration in Northern deepwater area of south china sea [J]. Offshore Oil, 2015, 35(1): 9-15. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-2336.2015.01.009 |
[19] | 杨佳佳, 潘军, 栾锡武, 等. 浅水多次波衰减技术在多道地震数据处理中的应用[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2020, 40(1):167-174 YANG Jiajia, PAN Jun, LUAN Xiwu, et al. Application of attenuation technology to shallow water multiples in multi-channel seismic data processing [J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2020, 40(1): 167-174. |
[20] | Dragoset B. A practical approach to surface multiple attenuation [J]. The Leading Edge, 1999, 18(1): 104-108. doi: 10.1190/1.1438132 |
[21] | 白兰淑, 刘伊克, 卢回忆. 稀疏反演多次波去除策略与效果分析[J]. 地球物理学报, 2017, 60(12):4801-4813 doi: 10.6038/cjg20171221 BAI Lanshu, LIU Yike, LU Huiyi. Strategy of multiple elimination by sparsity inversion and its effectiveness analysis [J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2017, 60(12): 4801-4813. doi: 10.6038/cjg20171221 |
[22] | 肖二莲, 陈瑜, 万欢, 等. SRME多次波衰减方法在海洋地震资料中的应用[J]. 地球物理学进展, 2010, 25(3):1057-1064 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2010.03.046 XIAO Erlian, CHEN Yu, WAN Huan, et al. Surface-related multiple elimination on marine seismic data [J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2010, 25(3): 1057-1064. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2010.03.046 |
[23] | 马继涛, Mrinal S K, 陈小宏, 等. 海底电缆多次波压制方法研究[J]. 地球物理学报, 2011, 54(11):2960-2966 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.11.026 MA Jitao, Mrinal S K, CHEN Xiaohong, et al. OBC multiple attenuation technique using SRME theory [J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2011, 54(11): 2960-2966. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.11.026 |
[24] | 王通, 王德利, 冯飞, 等. 三维自由表面多次波去除方法[J]. 吉林大学学报: 地球科学版, 2014, 44(6):2034-2041 WANG Tong, WANG Deli, FENG Fei, et al. 3D Surface-Related Multiple Elimination [J]. Journal of Jilin University: Earth Science Edition, 2014, 44(6): 2034-2041. |
[25] | 张振波, 谢涛. 深水地震资料联合去多次波技术-以南海北部荔湾深水气田为例[J]. 天然气工业, 2014, 34(5):37-42 ZHANG Zhenbo, XIE Tao. A portfolio of demultiple technologies in deepwater seismic data processing: A case study of the Liwan gas reservoirs in northern South China Sea [J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2014, 34(5): 37-42. |
Model optimization and multiple suppression process
Angle difference between multiple and effective waves
Optimization of multiple-wave model in curvelet domain
Schematic diagram of curvelet transform
Original gun set
The spectrum of the effective wave compared with that of the multiple wave
Multi-wave model obtained by conventional method
A shot set after suppression by conventional method
Optimized multiple wave model in curved wave domain
Multiples model comparison chart
Suppression of multiple waves using the optimized model
The original profile of line A
The superimposed profile after conventional method of line A
The stacked profile after optimization model in curved wave domain of line A
The original profile of line B
The stacked profile after optimization model in curved wave domain of line B
The superimposed profile after conventional method of line B