| Qingdao Institute of marine geology, China Geological Survey | Host |
| Citation: |
WANG Lijie, YAO Yongjian, SUN Zhen, ZHUO Haiteng, ZHAO Zhongxian, YIN Zhengxin. Characteristics of interface S3 (the end of Middle Miocene) on the Southeast South China Sea margin and its geological implications[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2019, 39(4): 75-86. doi: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2019022202
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Characteristics of interface S3 (the end of Middle Miocene) on the Southeast South China Sea margin and its geological implications
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Abstract
There are several Cenozoic basins on the southeastern margin of the South China Sea, the tectonic-depositional response of which bears a great deal of geological information on the evolution of the sea and basins. Formed by the end of the Middle Miocene, the interface S3 is an insufficiently studied and controversial interface formed within the thermal subsidence stage. Constrained by well data, and combined with the interpretation of 2D seismic profiles crossing the Liyue and Palawan sub-basins, this paper systematically described the characteristics of the S3 interface, including lithology, seismic-sedimentary facies, tectonic subsidence rate, and migration of depocenters. This interface is marked by a prominent seismic reflector and can be traced over a large area in the study area. It also has different features on various tectonic elements. For example, the seismic expression is an angular truncation unconformity on the shelf of Palawan and part of Dangerous Grounds, whereas the interface is a continuous high amplitude reflection and has conformity contact, partially overlapped by incised channel deposits in the bathyal-abyssal area of Liyue and Palawan sub-basins. What's more, an abrupt change in lithological and sedimentary facies was observed on the northwest/southwest Palawan shelf and slope region, indicating a change from bathyal-abyssal facies to shallow marine facies. The S3 surface also marks an end of the rapid subsiding stage of Middle Miocene, evidenced by a decreasing subsiding rate that might be related with the deep geodynamic regimes after the seafloor spreading of the South China Sea. Based upon the detailed correlation of biostratigraphy of the unconformity, we propose that this interface probably developed at ca. 12 Ma due to the peak continent-arc collisional event between the Philippine Mobile Belt and the Palawan block. The observed gravity flow deposits on the S3 interface are probably linked with the dramatic sea-level fall since 12.5 Ma, which directly triggered the delivery of sand-rich or carbonate-rich sediments into the deep water.
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References
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WANG Lijie, YAO Yongjian, SUN Zhen, ZHUO Haiteng, ZHAO Zhongxian, YIN Zhengxin. Characteristics of interface S3 (the end of Middle Miocene) on the Southeast South China Sea margin and its geological implications[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2019, 39(4): 75-86. doi: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2019022202
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Figure 1.
Morphological features and major tectonic units of the southeastern South China Sea margin
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Figure 2.
Correlation of onshore and offshore stratigraphy and tectonic evolution stages of Reed Bank, Northwest, and Southwest Palawan
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Figure 3.
Structural and stratigraphic interpretation of a regional seismic profile across south half-graben of Liyue basin and Southwest Palawan basin and Northwest Palawan basin, and the seismic expression of sequence boundary S3
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Figure 4.
The characteristic of boundary S3 in boreholes in the Southeast South China Sea margin (Wells location shown in Fig. 1)
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Figure 5.
Seismic expression of S3 sequence boundary and the corresponding sedimentary systems in Southwest Palawan basin
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Figure 6.
Seismic expression of S3 sequence boundary and the corresponding sedimentary systems in Liyue basin (See Fig. 1 for location)
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Figure 7.
Unloaded tectonic subsidence curves (m) of Sampaguita-1 of Reed Bank, Santigo-1 on the slope of Southwest Palawan basin, Sub-1 piont in the south sag of Liyue basin, and Cadlao-1 in the northwest of Palawan basin (See Figs. 1 and 3 for locations)