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2025 Vol. 36, No. 5
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ZHAI Zhanghui, SHI Wei, JIANG Ruijun, HUANG Qiangbing, WANG Chunmiao, WANG Yan, WANG Youlin, JIA Zhijie. Study on the regularity of rainfall infiltration and deformation in ground fissure zones of loess in Xi’an City under the background of rising groundwater level[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control, 2025, 36(5): 124-135. doi: 10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202412012
Citation: ZHAI Zhanghui, SHI Wei, JIANG Ruijun, HUANG Qiangbing, WANG Chunmiao, WANG Yan, WANG Youlin, JIA Zhijie. Study on the regularity of rainfall infiltration and deformation in ground fissure zones of loess in Xi’an City under the background of rising groundwater level[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control, 2025, 36(5): 124-135. doi: 10.16031/j.cnki.issn.1003-8035.202412012
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Study on the regularity of rainfall infiltration and deformation in ground fissure zones of loess in Xi’an City under the background of rising groundwater level

  • 1.

    Shaanxi Engineering Technology Research Center for Urban Geology and Underground Space, Xi’an, Shaanxi　710068, China

  • 2.

    Shaanxi Hydrogeology Engineering Geology and Environment Geology Survey Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi　710068, China

  • 3.

    Xi’an Geological Survey Center of China Geological Survey, Xi’an, Shaanxi　710054, China

  • 4.

    School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang’an University, Xi’an, Shaanxi　710061, China

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Received Date:  04 December 2024
Revised Date:  21 March 2025
Accepted Date:  18 July 2025
Publish Date:  25 October 2025
    Abstract

  • This study aims to investigate the deformation patterns of loess ground fissure sites in Xi’an under the combined effects of rising groundwater levels and rainwater infiltration. Based on the characterization of ground fissure disasters, groundwater levels, and rainfall, and supported by laboratory geotechnical tests, the physical-mechanical properties and collapsibility characteristics of the loess in fissured zones were studied. Moreover, finite difference numerical simulations were employed to analyze the deformation behavior induced by rainwater infiltration under the influence of groundwater level rise at the loess fissure sites of Xi’an. The results indicate that the loess in these fissured sites exhibits strong collapsibility and low tensile strength. Under rainfall infiltration alone, the loess fissure zones exhibit “cantilever beam” type deformation, with with displacements on the order of millimeters. Under the combined effects of rising groundwater levels and rainfall infiltration, deformation magnitues can reach several centimeters, predominantly resulting in tensile failure, with the upper layer demonstrating higher tensile strength than the lower layer. These findings suggest that the synergistic interaction of groundwater level rise and rainwater infiltration produces a amplification effect, and increases the risk of tensile failure in loess ground fissure areas.

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