Mechanical mechanism and parameters sensitivity analysis of the steel frame-geotextile system for the pre-reinforcement of flow plastic soil

TANG Liansheng; DU Jijie; HUANG Jianing; CHEN Yang; CHENG Zihua; DING Weiya

doi:10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.202404058

2025 Vol. 52, No. 2

Article Contents

Article navigation > Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology > 2025 > 52(2): 85-93

Next Article Previous Article

TANG Liansheng, DU Jijie, HUANG Jianing, CHEN Yang, CHENG Zihua, DING Weiya. Mechanical mechanism and parameters sensitivity analysis of the steel frame-geotextile system for the pre-reinforcement of flow plastic soil[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 2025, 52(2): 85-93. doi: 10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.202404058

Citation:

TANG Liansheng, DU Jijie, HUANG Jianing, CHEN Yang, CHENG Zihua, DING Weiya. Mechanical mechanism and parameters sensitivity analysis of the steel frame-geotextile system for the pre-reinforcement of flow plastic soil[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 2025, 52(2): 85-93. doi: 10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.202404058

Mechanical mechanism and parameters sensitivity analysis of the steel frame-geotextile system for the pre-reinforcement of flow plastic soil

1.
School of Architectural Engineering, Guangzhou Institute of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong　510540, China
2.
School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong　519082, China
3.
Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory （Zhuhai）, Zhuhai, Guangdong　519082, China
4.
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes, Guangzhou, Guangdong　510275, China

Received Date: 26 April 2024

Revised Date: 08 September 2024

Publish Date: 15 March 2025

Abstract

Abstract

In reclamation projects for port construction, the pre-reinforcement of flow plastic fill soils is critical for promoting deep drainage consolidation and enhancing subgrade bearing capacity. To address the limitations of high-cost and low-efficiency in conventional earth fill methods, this study proposes a “steel frame-geotextile system” pre-reinforcement technology, distinguished by its high efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and material recyclability. This paper explored the mechanical mechanism of the proposed technology, introducing key physical-mechanical parameters to refine the bearing capacity formula. It elucidated the sensitivity relationship between the pre-reinforcement ultimate bearing capacity and geosynthetic parameters, and explored the scientific validity of this pre-reinforcement method. The results demonstrate that the dual foundation structure with a high modulus ratio effectively distributes the overburden load, reducing the additional stress in flowable fill soils. Geotextile, under loading, deforms and generates frictional resistance and anchoring effect, enhancing the load-bearing capacity of flow plastic soils. The pre-reinforcement effectiveness is linearly proportional to the geotextile’s equivalent tensile strength and exponentially inversely related to the ultimate strain, with the former exerting a more significant influence. In engineering practice, materials with slightly higher tensile strength should be selected to withstand construction disturbances and prevent pre-reinforcement failure. In the context of the engineering example provided in this study, it is shown that if the conventional earth fill method was used to achieve the same reinforcement efficacy, the required earth fill layer thickness would need to be at least 9.13 m. This highlights the superior efficiency and vast potential for wider application of the proposed method. This study offers both a practical scheme and theoretical guidance for pre-reinforcement in the construction of flow plastic soils for drainage plates.
- flow plastic soil /
- steel frame-geotextile system /
- pre-reinforcement /
- ultimate bearing capacity /
- tensile strength

FullText(HTML)

References

[1]	陈科平,任新开,贺勇,等. 吹填土砂井地基离心模型试验研究[J]. 中南大学学报(自然科学版),2021,52(4):1222 − 1231. [CHEN Keping,REN Xinkai,HE Yong,et al. Experimental study on centrifugal model test of sand well foundation filled with dredger fill[J]. Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology),2021,52(4):1222 − 1231. (in Chinese with English abstract)] doi: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7207.2021.04.018 CrossRef Google Scholar CHEN Keping, REN Xinkai, HE Yong, et al. Experimental study on centrifugal model test of sand well foundation filled with dredger fill[J]. Journal of Central South University （Science and Technology）, 2021, 52（4）: 1222 − 1231. （in Chinese with English abstract） doi: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7207.2021.04.018 CrossRef Google Scholar
[2]	沙玲,刘鸿,王国才. 真空-堆载联合预压法处理吹填土地基的大变形有限元分析[J]. 浙江工业大学学报,2021,49(2):140 − 146. [SHA Ling,LIU Hong,WANG Guocai. Finite element analysis on large deformations of dredger fill improved by combined vacuum and surcharge preloading[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University of Technology,2021,49(2):140 − 146. (in Chinese with English abstract)] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-4303.2021.02.005 CrossRef Google Scholar SHA Ling, LIU Hong, WANG Guocai. Finite element analysis on large deformations of dredger fill improved by combined vacuum and surcharge preloading[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University of Technology, 2021, 49（2）: 140 − 146. （in Chinese with English abstract） doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-4303.2021.02.005 CrossRef Google Scholar
[3]	WU Yajun,XU Jiale,LU Yitian,et al. Geotechnical properties of marine dredger fill with different particle size[J]. Marine Georesources Geotechnology,2023,41(1):24 − 35. doi: 10.1080/1064119X.2021.2009070 CrossRef Google Scholar
[4]	冯双喜,雷华阳,万勇峰,等. 新型辐射排水板真空预压加固效果[J]. 中南大学学报(自然科学版),2021,52(3):790 − 805. [FENG Shuangxi,LEI Huayang,WAN Yongfeng,et al. Ground improvement effect of prefabricated radiant drain vacuum preloading method[J]. Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology),2021,52(3):790 − 805. (in Chinese with English abstract)] doi: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7207.2021.03.013 CrossRef Google Scholar FENG Shuangxi, LEI Huayang, WAN Yongfeng, et al. Ground improvement effect of prefabricated radiant drain vacuum preloading method[J]. Journal of Central South University （Science and Technology）, 2021, 52（3）: 790 − 805. （in Chinese with English abstract） doi: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7207.2021.03.013 CrossRef Google Scholar
[5]	贾林,张金龙,刘璐瑶,等. 天津滨海地区不同年限吹填土植被恢复与土壤理化性质变异特征[J]. 环境工程,2021,39(6):179 − 186. [JIA Lin,ZHANG Jinlong,LIU Luyao,et al. Variation characteristics of vegetation restoration and soil physical and chemical properties of different reclamation years in Tianjin coastal area[J]. Environmental Engineering,2021,39(6):179 − 186. (in Chinese with English abstract)] Google Scholar JIA Lin, ZHANG Jinlong, LIU Luyao, et al. Variation characteristics of vegetation restoration and soil physical and chemical properties of different reclamation years in Tianjin coastal area[J]. Environmental Engineering, 2021, 39（6）: 179 − 186. （in Chinese with English abstract） Google Scholar
[6]	YANG Aiwu,LIANG Zhenzhen,XU Guofang,et al. Study of the strength characteristics of dredger fill under the combined action of impact load and drainage[J]. European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering,2022,26(12):6032 − 6046. doi: 10.1080/19648189.2021.1927196 CrossRef Google Scholar
[7]	李光耀,张振,叶观宝,等. 新型土体固化剂加固海底淤泥力学特性研究[J]. 水文地质工程地质,2022,49(5):106 − 111. [LI Guangyao,ZHANG Zhen,YE Guanbao,et al. Mechanical characteristics of submarine silt stabilized by a novel agent[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology,2022,49(5):106 − 111. (in Chinese with English abstract)] Google Scholar LI Guangyao, ZHANG Zhen, YE Guanbao, et al. Mechanical characteristics of submarine silt stabilized by a novel agent[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 2022, 49（5）: 106 − 111. （in Chinese with English abstract） Google Scholar
[8]	郑若璇,孙秀丽,王渝,等. 大尺寸三维电动-水力渗透协同固结淤泥能耗特性[J]. 水文地质工程地质,2023,50(1):69 − 77. [ZHENG Ruoxuan,SUN Xiuli,WANG Yu,et al. Energy consumption in a large- scale 3D electro-osmosis-hydraulic synergism system for sludge consolidation[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology,2023,50(1):69 − 77. (in Chinese with English abstract)] Google Scholar ZHENG Ruoxuan, SUN Xiuli, WANG Yu, et al. Energy consumption in a large- scale 3D electro-osmosis-hydraulic synergism system for sludge consolidation[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 2023, 50（1）: 69 − 77. （in Chinese with English abstract） Google Scholar
[9]	王双,严学新,揭江,等. 珠江三角洲平原区地面沉降影响因素分析[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报,2019,30(5):98 − 104. [WANG Shuang,YAN Xuexin,JIE Jiang,et al. Analysis on factors affecting ground settlement in plain area of Pearl River Delta[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2019,30(5):98 − 104. (in Chinese with English abstract)] Google Scholar WANG Shuang, YAN Xuexin, JIE Jiang, et al. Analysis on factors affecting ground settlement in plain area of Pearl River Delta[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control, 2019, 30（5）: 98 − 104. （in Chinese with English abstract） Google Scholar
[10]	雷华阳,王磊,刘景锦,等. 化学改性联合真空预压法加固吹填土试验分析[J]. 岩土力学,2022,43(4):891 − 900. [LEI Huayang,WANG Lei,LIU Jingjin,et al. Experimental analysis of chemical modification combined with vacuum preloading method for reinforcing dredger fill[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2022,43(4):891 − 900. (in Chinese with English abstract)] Google Scholar LEI Huayang, WANG Lei, LIU Jingjin, et al. Experimental analysis of chemical modification combined with vacuum preloading method for reinforcing dredger fill[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2022, 43（4）: 891 − 900. （in Chinese with English abstract） Google Scholar
[11]	郝传毅,陈国靖. 硬壳层软土地基的工程特性[J]. 中国公路学报,1993,6(2):68 − 74. [HAO Chuanyi,CHEN Guojing. Engineering features of soft subgrade with relatively hard clay shell[J]. China Journal of Highway and Transport,1993,6(2):68 − 74. (in Chinese with English abstract)] Google Scholar HAO Chuanyi, CHEN Guojing. Engineering features of soft subgrade with relatively hard clay shell[J]. China Journal of Highway and Transport, 1993, 6（2）: 68 − 74. （in Chinese with English abstract） Google Scholar
[12]	闫澍旺,郭炳川,孙立强,等. 硬壳层在吹填土真空预压中的应用[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(7):1497 − 1503. [YAN Shuwang,GUO Bingchuan,SUN Liqiang,et al. Application of crust layer to vacuum preloading dredge fill[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(7):1497 − 1503. (in Chinese with English abstract)] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6915.2013.07.027 CrossRef Google Scholar YAN Shuwang, GUO Bingchuan, SUN Liqiang, et al. Application of crust layer to vacuum preloading dredge fill[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2013, 32（7）: 1497 − 1503. （in Chinese with English abstract） doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6915.2013.07.027 CrossRef Google Scholar
[13]	胡继业,余敏,张鹏飞,等. 港区超软吹填土层快速加固方案设计与优化[J]. 水运工程,2019(1):163 − 166. [HU Jiye,YU Min,ZHANG Pengfei,et al. Rapid reinforcement scheme design and optimization of super-soft fill soil in port area[J]. Port & Waterway Engineering,2019(1):163 − 166. (in Chinese with English abstract)] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-4972.2019.01.029 CrossRef Google Scholar HU Jiye, YU Min, ZHANG Pengfei, et al. Rapid reinforcement scheme design and optimization of super-soft fill soil in port area[J]. Port & Waterway Engineering, 2019（1）: 163 − 166. （in Chinese with English abstract） doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-4972.2019.01.029 CrossRef Google Scholar
[14]	张军舰,李鹏,殷坤宇,等. 基于接力排水的强夯法在滨海回填区地基处理中的试验研究[J]. 水文地质工程地质,2022,49(1):117 − 125. [ZHANG Junjian,LI Peng,YIN Kunyu,et al. An experimental study of the dynamic compaction method based on relay drainage in foundation treatment of the coastal backfill area[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology,2022,49(1):117 − 125. (in Chinese with English abstract)] Google Scholar ZHANG Junjian, LI Peng, YIN Kunyu, et al. An experimental study of the dynamic compaction method based on relay drainage in foundation treatment of the coastal backfill area[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 2022, 49（1）: 117 − 125. （in Chinese with English abstract） Google Scholar
[15]	ALKHORSHID N R,ARAUJO G L S,PALMEIRA E M. Consolidation of soft clay foundation improved by geosynthetic-reinforced granular columns:Numerical evaluation[J]. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,2021,13(5):1173 − 1181. doi: 10.1016/j.jrmge.2021.03.004 CrossRef Google Scholar
[16]	BORGES J L,GONÇALVES M S. Jet-grout column-reinforced soft soils incorporating multilayer geosynthetic-reinforced platforms[J]. Soils and Foundations,2016,56(1):57 − 72. doi: 10.1016/j.sandf.2016.01.005 CrossRef Google Scholar
[17]	PARK J B,PARK H S,KIM D. Geosynthetic reinforcement of sand-mat layer above soft ground[J]. Materials,2013,6(11):5314 − 5334. doi: 10.3390/ma6115314 CrossRef Google Scholar
[18]	YANG Shuaidong,LIAO Wei,WANG Xiaoliang,et al. Behavior of the geotextile reinforced dykes on sand-overlying-clay deposit[J]. Frontiers in Marine Science,2023,10:1070900. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2023.1070900 CrossRef Google Scholar
[19]	马缤辉. 土工格室+碎石桩双向增强复合地基承载特性及沉降计算研究[D]. 长沙:湖南大学,2011. [MA Binhui. The research on bearing characteristic and settlement of composite foundation bidirectionally reinforced by stone columns and geocell[D]. Changsha:Hunan University,2011. (in Chinese with English abstract)] Google Scholar MA Binhui. The research on bearing characteristic and settlement of composite foundation bidirectionally reinforced by stone columns and geocell[D]. Changsha: Hunan University, 2011. （in Chinese with English abstract） Google Scholar
[20]	高江平,刘雯支,杨继强. 基于三剪应力统一强度理论的硬壳层软土地基承载力公式[J]. 岩土工程学报,2019,41(12):2331 − 2337. [GAO Jiangping,LIU Wenzhi,YANG Jiqiang. Formulas for bearing capacity of soft soil foundations with hard crust based on three-shear stress unified strength theory[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2019,41(12):2331 − 2337. (in Chinese with English abstract)] doi: 10.11779/CJGE201912019 CrossRef Google Scholar GAO Jiangping, LIU Wenzhi, YANG Jiqiang. Formulas for bearing capacity of soft soil foundations with hard crust based on three-shear stress unified strength theory[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2019, 41（12）: 2331 − 2337. （in Chinese with English abstract） doi: 10.11779/CJGE201912019 CrossRef Google Scholar
[21]	汤连生. 在大面积超软土场地上施工作业的方法及所用的钢架系统:CN101684649B[P]. 2012-04-18. [TANG Liansheng. The construction method and steel frame system used in large area super soft soil site:CN101684649B[P]. 2012-04-18.(in Chinese)] Google Scholar TANG Liansheng. The construction method and steel frame system used in large area super soft soil site: CN101684649B[P]. 2012-04-18.（in Chinese） Google Scholar
[22]	王桂香,严盛康,乐绍林,等. 软土地基加固中竹网的受力与变形分析[J]. 河北大学学报(自然科学版),2022,42(4):358 − 363. [WANG Guixiang,YAN Shengkang,LE Shaolin,et al. Stress and deformation analysis of bamboo net in soft soil foundation reinforcement[J]. Journal of Hebei University (Natural Science Edition),2022,42(4):358 − 363. (in Chinese with English abstract)] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2022.04.004 CrossRef Google Scholar WANG Guixiang, YAN Shengkang, LE Shaolin, et al. Stress and deformation analysis of bamboo net in soft soil foundation reinforcement[J]. Journal of Hebei University （Natural Science Edition）, 2022, 42（4）: 358 − 363. （in Chinese with English abstract） doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2022.04.004 CrossRef Google Scholar
[23]	胡振华,王颖,李大勇,等. 固化人工硬壳层双层地基承载试验及理论研究[J]. 人民长江,2020,51(2):147 − 152. [HU Zhenhua,WANG Ying,LI Dayong,et al. Experimental and theoretical study on bearing capacity of double artificial crust layers foundation formed by consolidation[J]. Yangtze River,2020,51(2):147 − 152. (in Chinese with English abstract)] Google Scholar HU Zhenhua, WANG Ying, LI Dayong, et al. Experimental and theoretical study on bearing capacity of double artificial crust layers foundation formed by consolidation[J]. Yangtze River, 2020, 51（2）: 147 − 152. （in Chinese with English abstract） Google Scholar
[24]	商拥辉,商丽,方前程,等. 高强玻纤格栅软基加固传荷机理现场试验研究[J]. 水文地质工程地质,2016,43(2):93 − 98. [SHANG Yonghui,SHANG Li,FANG Qiancheng,et al. Field test study of the mechanism of reinforcing the soft foundation of high strength glass fiber grids[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology,2016,43(2):93 − 98. (in Chinese with English abstract)] Google Scholar SHANG Yonghui, SHANG Li, FANG Qiancheng, et al. Field test study of the mechanism of reinforcing the soft foundation of high strength glass fiber grids[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 2016, 43（2）: 93 − 98. （in Chinese with English abstract） Google Scholar
[25]	王颖,王朝杰,胡振华,等. 就地固化表层地基承载特性现场试验研究[J]. 土木与环境工程学报(中英文),2024,46(3):9 − 15. [WANG Ying,WANG Chaojie,HU Zhenhua,et al. Field test on bearing characteristics of surface foundation by in-situ stabilization[J]. Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering,2024,46(3):9 − 15. (in Chinese with English abstract)] doi: 10.11835/j.issn.2096-6717.2022.008 CrossRef Google Scholar WANG Ying, WANG Chaojie, HU Zhenhua, et al. Field test on bearing characteristics of surface foundation by in-situ stabilization[J]. Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2024, 46（3）: 9 − 15. （in Chinese with English abstract） doi: 10.11835/j.issn.2096-6717.2022.008 CrossRef Google Scholar
[26]	郑耀林,章荣军,郑俊杰,等. 絮凝-固化联合处理超高含水率吹填淤泥浆的试验研究[J]. 岩土力学,2019,40(8):3107 − 3114. [ZHENG Yaolin,ZHANG Rongjun,ZHENG Junjie,et al. Experimental study of flocculation-solidification combined treatment of hydraulically dredged mud at extra high-water content[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2019,40(8):3107 − 3114. (in Chinese with English abstract)] Google Scholar ZHENG Yaolin, ZHANG Rongjun, ZHENG Junjie, et al. Experimental study of flocculation-solidification combined treatment of hydraulically dredged mud at extra high-water content[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2019, 40（8）: 3107 − 3114. （in Chinese with English abstract） Google Scholar
[27]	骆嘉成,邵吉成. 固结-固化复合技术分层加固淤泥的试验研究[J]. 铁道工程学报,2022,39(11):19 − 24. [LUO Jiacheng,SHAO Jicheng. Experimental research on the layered reinforcement of sludge by consolidation and solidification composite technology[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2022,39(11):19 − 24. (in Chinese with English abstract)] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-2106.2022.11.004 CrossRef Google Scholar LUO Jiacheng, SHAO Jicheng. Experimental research on the layered reinforcement of sludge by consolidation and solidification composite technology[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society, 2022, 39（11）: 19 − 24. （in Chinese with English abstract） doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-2106.2022.11.004 CrossRef Google Scholar
[28]	袁波,邵吉成,骆嘉成,等. 基于固结-固化复合技术对温州淤泥加固的试验研究[J]. 水文地质工程地质,2022,49(1):66 − 74. [YUAN Bo,SHAO Jicheng,LUO Jiacheng,et al. An experimental study of reinforcement of the Wenzhou sludge based on the consolidation and solidification composite technology[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology,2022,49(1):66 − 74. (in Chinese with English abstract)] Google Scholar YUAN Bo, SHAO Jicheng, LUO Jiacheng, et al. An experimental study of reinforcement of the Wenzhou sludge based on the consolidation and solidification composite technology[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 2022, 49（1）: 66 − 74. （in Chinese with English abstract） Google Scholar
[29]	刘毓氚,左广洲,陈福全. 加筋垫层应力扩散特性试验研究[J]. 岩土力学,2007,28(5):903 − 908. [LIU Yuchuan,ZUO Guangzhou,CHEN Fuquan. Numerical research on stress distribution of geosynthetic reinforcement layer[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(5):903 − 908. (in Chinese with English abstract)] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7598.2007.05.010 CrossRef Google Scholar LIU Yuchuan, ZUO Guangzhou, CHEN Fuquan. Numerical research on stress distribution of geosynthetic reinforcement layer[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2007, 28（5）: 903 − 908. （in Chinese with English abstract） doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7598.2007.05.010 CrossRef Google Scholar
[30]	卢硕. 土工格室加固路基机理及应用研究[D]. 武汉:武汉科技大学,2020. [LU Shuo. Study on the mechanism and application of geocell to reinforce subgrade[D]. Wuhan:Wuhan University of Science and Technology,2020. (in Chinese with English abstract)] Google Scholar LU Shuo. Study on the mechanism and application of geocell to reinforce subgrade[D]. Wuhan: Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 2020. （in Chinese with English abstract） Google Scholar
[31]	张玲. 双向增强复合地基承载机理及其设计计算理论研究[D]. 长沙:湖南大学,2012. [ZHANG Ling. Working mechanism of bidirectional reinforced composite foundation and its design method[D]. Changsha:Hunan University,2012. (in Chinese with English abstract)] Google Scholar ZHANG Ling. Working mechanism of bidirectional reinforced composite foundation and its design method[D]. Changsha: Hunan University, 2012. （in Chinese with English abstract） Google Scholar
[32]	丁仁伟,董金玉,李日运,等. 土工合成材料加筋垫层处理软基承载力探讨[J]. 华北水利水电学院学报,2007,28(2):83 − 85. [DING Renwei,DONG Jinyu,LI Riyun,et al. Discussion about bearing capacity of soft ground reinforced with geosynthetics reinforcement cushion[J]. Journal of North China Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power,2007,28(2):83 − 85. (in Chinese with English abstract)] Google Scholar DING Renwei, DONG Jinyu, LI Riyun, et al. Discussion about bearing capacity of soft ground reinforced with geosynthetics reinforcement cushion[J]. Journal of North China Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power, 2007, 28（2）: 83 − 85. （in Chinese with English abstract） Google Scholar
[33]	杨光华,廖汉阳. 筏板基础下薄层土地基承载力研究[J]. 岩土力学,2023,44(12):3405 − 3414. [YANG Guanghua,LIAO Hanyang. Ground bearing capacity of thin layer soil under raft foundation[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2023,44(12):3405 − 3414. (in Chinese with English abstract)] Google Scholar YANG Guanghua, LIAO Hanyang. Ground bearing capacity of thin layer soil under raft foundation[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2023, 44（12）: 3405 − 3414. （in Chinese with English abstract） Google Scholar