A Review and Perspective on Analytical Methods of Critical Metal Elements

Chao LI; Deng-hong WANG; Wen-jun QU; Hui-ming MENG; Li-min ZHOU; Xing-tao FAN; Xin-wei LI; Hong ZHAO; Hong-li WEN; Peng-cheng SUN

doi:10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.201907310115

2020 Vol. 39, No. 5

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Chao LI, Deng-hong WANG, Wen-jun QU, Hui-ming MENG, Li-min ZHOU, Xing-tao FAN, Xin-wei LI, Hong ZHAO, Hong-li WEN, Peng-cheng SUN. A Review and Perspective on Analytical Methods of Critical Metal Elements[J]. Rock and Mineral Analysis, 2020, 39(5): 658-669. doi: 10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.201907310115

Citation:

Chao LI, Deng-hong WANG, Wen-jun QU, Hui-ming MENG, Li-min ZHOU, Xing-tao FAN, Xin-wei LI, Hong ZHAO, Hong-li WEN, Peng-cheng SUN. A Review and Perspective on Analytical Methods of Critical Metal Elements[J]. Rock and Mineral Analysis, 2020, 39(5): 658-669. doi: 10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.201907310115

A Review and Perspective on Analytical Methods of Critical Metal Elements

1.
National Research Center for Analysis, Beijing 100037, China
2.
Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
3.
Faculty of Land Resource Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China

Received Date: 31 July 2019

Revised Date: 11 January 2020

Accepted Date: 16 April 2020

Abstract

Abstract

BACKGROUND Strategic critical metal mineral resources including rare, dispersed, rare earth and platinum group elements play an increasingly critical role in emerging industries such as new materials, new energy and information technology. With the deepening of the geological survey of key mineral resources in China, the critical metal elements present new challenges to analytical techniques due to their complex matrix, large differences in different mineral contents, and unstable chemical properties. OBJECTIVES To introduce recent analytical techniques and applications for critical metal elements in different types of geological samples. METHODS Based on different chemical composition, the main matrices of critical metal elements were classified, mainly divided into silicate, carbonate, sulfate, tungstate, phosphate, oxide, sulfide and halide. For different types of rocks and minerals, chemical digestion was largely carried out by traditional dissolution methods such as the acid dissolution method (nitric acid-hydrofluoric acid combination, aqua regia) or alkali fusion methods. RESULTS The characteristics and application of commonly used instruments including electronic probe microanalyzer, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy, and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy were reviewed. The problems during critical metal analysis including incomplete dissolution, low recovery, oxides and isobaric interference, inconsistency between samples and standard matrices were reviewed and corresponding solutions were proposed. CONCLUSIONS In situ microanalysis with the advantages of high efficiency, low cost, and high spatial resolution, and field on-site geoanalysis with its simple, fast and close to field work features are the main trends in the development of critical metal elements analytical techniques.
- critical metal elements /
- occurrence matrix /
- sample pretreatment methods /
- analytical technique /
- in situ microanalysis /
- field on-site geoanalysis

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References

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