Geological Characteristics and Susceptibilty Evaluation of Ground Collapse in Xi’an

WANG Tao; LI Lin; DONG Ying; WANG Huaqi; ZHANG Ge

doi:10.12401/j.nwg.2024047

2025 Vol. 58, No. 3

Article Contents

Article navigation > Northwestern Geology > 2025 > 58(3): 277-286

Next Article Previous Article

WANG Tao, LI Lin, DONG Ying, WANG Huaqi, ZHANG Ge. 2025. Geological Characteristics and Susceptibilty Evaluation of Ground Collapse in Xi’an. Northwestern Geology, 58(3): 277-286. doi: 10.12401/j.nwg.2024047

Citation:

WANG Tao, LI Lin, DONG Ying, WANG Huaqi, ZHANG Ge. 2025. Geological Characteristics and Susceptibilty Evaluation of Ground Collapse in Xi’an. Northwestern Geology, 58(3): 277-286. doi: 10.12401/j.nwg.2024047

Geological Characteristics and Susceptibilty Evaluation of Ground Collapse in Xi’an

1.
Xi’an Center of China Geological Survey, Xi’an 710119, Shaanxi, China
2.
Key Laboratory for Geo-hazards in Loess Area Ministry of Natural Resources, Xi’an 710119, Shaanxi, China

More Information

Corresponding author: LI Lin, llin@mail.cgs.gov.cn

Received Date: 25 June 2023

Revised Date: 27 September 2023

Accepted Date: 27 September 2023

Publish Date: 20 June 2025

Abstract

Abstract

With the speed and scale of urban construction in Xi'an city, ground collapse has appeared more and more in people's life. Because of its hidden, sudden and high hazard, it has become one of the main problems threatening urban security. Combined with the drilling and engineering prospection data in the main urban area of Xi'an, According to the stratum distribution in the study area, the formation process and mechanism of ground collapse are comprehensively studied by using the theory of soil arch effect, and the numerical formula between the critical span of ground collapse, the thickness of overlying soil layer and the upper load is established. The susceptibility of ground collapse under different working conditions is obtained through numerical calculation. The results show that the ground collapse accidents in Xi'an are mostly caused by rainwater leakage, pipeline rupture and engineering construction. Under the same geological conditions, the greater the thickness of the overlying soil layer, the greater the limit span of the cavity. Xi'an city is divided into high-medium-and low-prone areas of ground collapse. It is found that when the soil layer is in low-or high-water content, the smaller the critical span of the underground cavity, the higher the ground collapse susceptibility. The evaluation results can provide suggestions for the prevention and treatment of ground collapse in Xi'an.
- ground collapse /
- critical span /
- susceptibility evaluation /
- Xi’an

FullText(HTML)

References

[1]	陈国庆, 李天斌, 贺宇航等. 地下水扰动作用下地基土体渗透破坏试验研究[J]. 土木建筑与环境工程, 2013, 35（1）: 52−55. Google Scholar CHEN Guoqing, LI Tianbin, HE Yuhang, et al. Seepage Failure Test of Foundation Soil Under Ground Water Perturbation[J]. Journal of Civil, Architectural & Environmental Engineering, 2013, 35（1）: 52−55. Google Scholar
[2]	董英, 曾磊, 李林, 等. 西安多要素城市地质调查报告[R]. 西安: 中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心, 2021. Google Scholar
[3]	董英, 张茂省, 刘洁, 等. 西安市地下水与地面沉降地裂缝耦合关系及风险防控技术[J]. 西北地质, 2019, 52（2）: 95−102. Google Scholar DONG Ying, ZHANG Maosheng, LIU Jie, et al. Coupling Relationship between Groundwater and Ground Fissures of Land Subsidence in Xi'an City and Risk Prevention and Control Technology[J]. Northwestern Geology, 2019, 52（2）: 95−102. Google Scholar
[4]	付栋, 蔡剑韬, 张海. 上海地区由管线渗漏引发地面塌陷数值模拟研究[J]. 岩土工程技术, 2018, 32（4）: 189−193. Google Scholar FU Dong, CAI Jiantao, ZHANG Hai. Numerical Simulation of Ground Collapse Caused by Piperline Leakage in Shanghai[J]. Geotechnical Engineering Technique, 2018, 32（4）: 189−193. Google Scholar
[5]	冯旻譞, 齐琦, 董英, 等. 利用Sentinel-1A数据监测大西安2019～2022年大西安地表形变[J]. 西北地质, 2023, 56（3）: 178−185. Google Scholar FENG Minxuan, QI Qi, DONG Ying, et al. Monitoring Surface Deformation in Xi’an City from 2019 to 2022 Based on Sentinel-1A Data[J]. Northwestern Geology, 2023, 56（3）: 178−185. Google Scholar
[6]	高程鹏. 管道破损引发渗流侵蚀过程的模型试验[J]. 地下空间与工程学报, 2020, 16（6）: 1646−1650. Google Scholar GAO Chengpeng. Model Tests on Seepage Erosion Progress Caused by Damage of Municipal Pipeline[J]. Chinese Journal of Space and Engineering, 2020, 16（6）: 1646−1650. Google Scholar
[7]	何勇兴. 地下管道漏损对周围土体侵蚀影响研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2017. Google Scholar HE Yongxing. Study on the soil erosion around underground pipe leakage[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2017. Google Scholar
[8]	李涛, 张子真, 宗露丹. 地下空洞引起土质地层的形成机制与预测研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2015, 36（7）: 1995−2000. Google Scholar LI Tao, ZHANG Zizhen, ZONG Ludan. Study of Formation Mechanism and Prediction of Sinkholes in Soil Stratum Induced by Subterranean Cavity[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2015, 36（7）: 1995−2000. Google Scholar
[9]	李忠明, 孙有胜, 申玉高, 等. 西安市工程地质勘察报告[R]. 西安: 陕西省地矿局第二水文地质工程地质队, 1990. Google Scholar
[10]	梅源, 胡长明, 王雪艳, 等. 西安地区湿陷性黄土地铁车站深基坑开挖引起的地表及基坑支护桩变形特征[J]. 中国铁道科学, 2016, 37（1）: 9−10. Google Scholar MEI Yuan, HU Changming, WANG Xueyan, et al. Deformation Characteristics of Ground Surface and Retaining Pile Induced by Deep Foundation Pit Excavation of Subway Station in Collapsible Loess of Xi’an Area[J]. China Railway Science, 2016, 37（1）: 9−10. Google Scholar
[11]	史元博, 朱兴国, 卢全中, 等. 西安凹陷f12地裂缝发育区第四系及裂缝沉降特征[J]. 西北地质, 2023, 56（5）: 185−196. Google Scholar SHI Yuanbo, ZHU Xingguo, LU Quanzhong, et al. Drilling Sedimentation and Subsidence of Ground Fissure (f12) in Xi’an, Shaanxi[J]. Northwestern Geology, 2023, 56（5）: 185−196. Google Scholar
[12]	吴子树, 张利民, 胡定. 土拱的形成机理及存在条件的探讨[J]. 成都科技大学学报, 1995, 83（2）: 15−19. Google Scholar WU Zishu, ZHANG Limin, HU Ding. Studies on the Mechanism of Arching Action in Loess[J]. Journal of Chengdu University of Science and Technology, 1995, 83（2）: 15−19. Google Scholar
[13]	万志清, 秦四清, 李志刚, 等. 土洞形成的机理及起始条件[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2003, 22（8）: 1377−1379. Google Scholar WAN Zhiqing, QIN Siqing, LI Zhigang, et al. Formation mechanism and initial condition of soil cavity[J]. Chinese Jounal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2003, 22（8）: 1377−1379. Google Scholar
[14]	杨驰, 陶福平, 袁旭东. 陕西省主要盆地地下水动态特征分析[J]. 西北地质, 2022, 55（3）: 345−354. Google Scholar YANG Chi, TAO Fuping, YUAN Xudong. Analysis of Groundwater Dynamic Characteristics in Major Basin Areas of Shaanxi Province[J]. Northwestern Geology, 2022, 55（3）: 345−354. Google Scholar
[15]	张子真. 土质地层地陷机理分析及数值模拟[D]. 北京: 北京交通大学, 2012. Google Scholar ZHANG Zizhen. Analysis and Numericl Simulation of Sinkhole Mechanism in Soil Stratum[D]. Beijing: Beijing Jiaotong University, 2012. Google Scholar
[16]	朱立峰, 李益朝, 刘方, 等. 西安地裂缝活动特征及勘查思路探讨[J]. 西北地质, 2005, 38（4）: 102−107. Google Scholar ZHU Lifeng, LI Yizhao, LIU Fang, et al. Features on Ground Fractures and Exploration Train of Thought in Xi’an[J]. Northwestern Geology, 2005, 38（4）: 102−107. Google Scholar
[17]	张亚龙, 张玉峰, 宋奇昱, 等. 西安饱和软黄土高水位核心区基坑降水技术[J]. 施工技术, 2021, 50（4）: 91−92. Google Scholar ZHANG Yalong, ZHANG Yufeng, SONG Qiyu, et al. Dewatering Technology of Foundation Excavation in High Water Level Core Area of Saturated Soft Loess in Xi’an[J]. Constrction Technology, 2021, 50（4）: 91−92. Google Scholar