Age and petrogeochemistry of ore-forming granites, and the metallogenic prospects of U-Nb-Ta-REE in the southern section of the Daxing'anling Mountains for skarn-type iron-tin deposits

ZHANG Bohui; CAO Hui; LIU Yifei; WANG Fengxiang

doi:10.12097/gbc.2023.02.042

2025 Vol. 44, No. 6

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ZHANG Bohui, CAO Hui, LIU Yifei, WANG Fengxiang. 2025. Age and petrogeochemistry of ore-forming granites, and the metallogenic prospects of U-Nb-Ta-REE in the southern section of the Daxing'anling Mountains for skarn-type iron-tin deposits. Geological Bulletin of China, 44(6): 1106-1131. doi: 10.12097/gbc.2023.02.042

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ZHANG Bohui, CAO Hui, LIU Yifei, WANG Fengxiang. 2025. Age and petrogeochemistry of ore-forming granites, and the metallogenic prospects of U-Nb-Ta-REE in the southern section of the Daxing'anling Mountains for skarn-type iron-tin deposits. Geological Bulletin of China, 44(6): 1106-1131. doi: 10.12097/gbc.2023.02.042

Age and petrogeochemistry of ore-forming granites, and the metallogenic prospects of U-Nb-Ta-REE in the southern section of the Daxing'anling Mountains for skarn-type iron-tin deposits

1.
Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
2.
China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
3.
Inner Mongolia Xijin Mining Co., Ltd., Alxa Zuoqi, Alxa League, Autonomous Region 750306, Inner Mongolia, China
4.
Key Laboratory of Regional Geology and Metallogenesis, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei, China

Fund Project: Supported by National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2021YFC2901801), China Geological Survey Projects (Nos. DD20221795, DD20221684-6), and National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41873051)

More Information

Author Bio: ZHANG Bohui, male, born in 1998, master student, majoring in mineralogy, petrology and mineral deposits; E−mail:zbhbohui1030@163.com
Corresponding author: LIU Yifei, male, born in 1981, Ph.D., professor, engaged in the research of ore deposit geology and ore deposit geochemistry; E−mail：lyfsky@126.com

Received Date: 20 February 2023

Revised Date: 03 June 2023

Publish Date: 15 June 2025

Abstract

Abstract

Objective
The southern segment of the Daxing'anling Range constitutes a significant tin-polymetallic metallogenic belt in northern China. Representative deposits include the Huanggang and Mogutu skarn-type Fe-Sn systems, which exhibit direct spatio-temporal and genetic relationships with highly fractionated alkali-feldspar granites or syenogranites. Further investigation is warranted regarding petrogeochemical characteristics of these granites and their implications for mineral exploration.
Methods
This study explores the characteristics of the ore−forming granites and their implications for ore prospecting through zircon U−Pb dating, whole−rock major, trace and rare earth element testing, and mineralogical studies.
Results
The weighted average U−Pb ages obtained from zircon dating are 131.8±2.0 Ma(MSWD=1.3) and 137.1±1.3 Ma(MSWD=0.8), indicating that the emplacement of alkali feldspar granite in the Huanggang and Damogotu deposits occurred during the Early Cretaceous. The main elements of the whole rock show that the granite has the characteristics of high silicon (73.97%~79.05%), high alkali (7.83%~8.88%), low calcium, iron, magnesium, titanium and phosphorus, and is a metaluminous to weak peraluminous (A/CNK=0.93~1.09) highly differentiated granite. The trace and rare earth elements in the whole rock show that the granite is characterized by high Rb, Th and Pb, and low Ba, Sr, P and Ti. The rare earth element distribution map is relatively flat (La_N/Yb_N=0.96~12.04), with strong negative Eu anomaly (Eu/Eu^*=0.01~0.03) and weak negative Ce to positive Ce anomaly transition feature (Ce/Ce^*=0.96~1.56), and the trace element distribution map has weak tetrad effect (TE_1,3=0.99~1.14). In the ore−forming granites, elements such as Th, U, Nb, Ta and Yb are enriched with the increase of the degree of differentiation.
Conclusions
The metallogenic granites of the Huanggang and Mogutu skarn−type Fe−Sn deposits in the Southern Section of the Daxing'anling Mountains are Early Cretaceous high−silica highly fractionated granites, whose formation process has a significant enrichment effect on ore−forming elements such as U, Sn, Nb and REE. Combined with the research progress of regional geology, geophysical exploration, geochemical exploration and remote sensing, this study of chronology, mineralogy and geochemistry shows that the areas with Late Yanshanian differentiated granites in the Southern Section of the Daxing'anling Mountains not only have metallogenic potential for Sn−Pb−Zn−Ag polymetals, but also have prospecting potential for U−Nb−Ta−REE.
- highly differentiated granite /
- southern section of the Daxing'anling Mountains /
- skarn iron-tin deposit /
- Early Cretaceous /
- prospecting potential of U−Nb−Ta−REE /
- mineral exploration engineering

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References

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