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ZHANG Yanfei, AN Zhengzhen, LIANG Shuai, ZHAI Furong, ZHANG Sen, JU Nan, JIANG Ping, JIN Xiuying, XIAO Rongge. 2022. Distribution characteristics, genetic types and prospecting progress of graphite deposits[J]. Geology in China, 49(1): 135-150. doi: 10.12029/gc20220109
Citation: ZHANG Yanfei, AN Zhengzhen, LIANG Shuai, ZHAI Furong, ZHANG Sen, JU Nan, JIANG Ping, JIN Xiuying, XIAO Rongge. 2022. Distribution characteristics, genetic types and prospecting progress of graphite deposits[J]. Geology in China, 49(1): 135-150. doi: 10.12029/gc20220109
shu

Distribution characteristics, genetic types and prospecting progress of graphite deposits

  • 1.

    Shenyang Center of China Geological Survey, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning, China

  • 2.

    MiningInstitute, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, Liaoning, China

  • 3.

    Liaoning Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources Co., Ltd, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning, China

  • 4.

    Harbin Comprehensive Survey Center of Natural Resources, China Geological Survey, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang, China

  • 5.

    School of Earth Science and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China

    • Fund Project: Supported by the project of China Geological Survey (No.DD20190438)
More Information
  • Author Bio: ZHANG Yanfei, male, born in 1983, doctor, senior engineer, engaged in the survey and research of foreign geology; E-mail: zhangyanfei1234@163.com
  • Corresponding author: LIANG Shuai, male, born in 1986, doctor, senior engineer, engaged in regional geological survey and potentiality assessment of mineral resources; E-mail: ls476476@163.com 
Received Date:  09 June 2021
Revised Date:  12 October 2021
Publish Date:  25 February 2022
    Abstract

  • This paper is the result of mineral exploration engineering.

     Object

    Graphite has become an important raw material for emerging technology industries, and It is also an important key mineral resource for future high-tech development. China is not only a big country of graphite resources, but also a big country of production and consumption. It is of great significance to find out the distribution status of graphite mineral resources and summarize the geological characteristics and metallogenic regularity of different genetic types of graphite deposits to ensure the effective supply of graphite.

     Methods

    Collect published or published data of graphite minerals, and systematically summarize the geological characteristics, material sources and genesis of graphite deposits.

     Results

    Graphite mining areas are mainly distributed in East Asia-South Asia, East Africa, Eastern Europe-Central Europe, North America, South America and Oceania, and each mining area has its own characteristics in resource endowment, deposit genesis and metallogenic geological characteristics. China, Madagascar, Mozambique, Tanzania and other countries in East Africa, have achieved remarkable prospecting results in recent years, and many graphite deposits with resources of 100 million tons have been discovered. China, Mozambique and Brazil are the main producers of graphite ore, and the graphite output of these three countries will account for about 80% of the total output in 2020.

     Conclusion

    There are four types of graphite deposits: regional metamorphic type, hydrothermal type, magmatic type and contact metamorphic type. Among them, the carbon source of regional metamorphic type, contact metamorphic type, magmatic hydrothermal type and plutonic type graphite deposits is mainly organic matter, while that of metamorphic hydrothermal type and igneous carbonate type graphite deposits is mainly mantle magma carbon.
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