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ZHAO Yuru, GAO Da, HU Mingyi, ZHENG Chao, LI Jia, XIE Wuren. 2024. Controls of paleoclimate and sea−level changes on the high−frequency sequence of shallow−water carbonates: A case study of the Longwangmiao Formation in the central Sichuan Basin[J]. Geology in China, 51(2): 577-591. doi: 10.12029/gc20210809001
Citation: ZHAO Yuru, GAO Da, HU Mingyi, ZHENG Chao, LI Jia, XIE Wuren. 2024. Controls of paleoclimate and sea−level changes on the high−frequency sequence of shallow−water carbonates: A case study of the Longwangmiao Formation in the central Sichuan Basin[J]. Geology in China, 51(2): 577-591. doi: 10.12029/gc20210809001
shu

Controls of paleoclimate and sea−level changes on the high−frequency sequence of shallow−water carbonates: A case study of the Longwangmiao Formation in the central Sichuan Basin

  • 1.

    School of Geosciences, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, Hubei, China

  • 2.

    South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, Guangdong, China

  • 3.

    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

  • 4.

    Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China

  • 5.

    Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Langfang 065007, Hebei, China

    • Fund Project: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41502104), Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (No.2017CFB533), the Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources (Yangtze University), Ministry of Education (No.K2018−06).
More Information
  • Author Bio: ZHAO Yuru, female, born in 1997, Ph.D. candidate, engaged in the research of sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy; E-mail: zhaoyuru97@qq.com
  • Corresponding author: GAO Da, male, born in 1988, associate professor, engaged in the research and teaching of carbonate sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy; E-mail: gaoda18@vip.163.com. 
Received Date:  09 August 2021
Revised Date:  20 February 2022
Publish Date:  25 March 2024
    Abstract

  • This paper is the result of oil and gas exploration engineering.

    Objective

    Clarifying the control mechanisms of ancient climate and sea level changes on high−frequency sequences and favorable reservoirs of shallow water carbonate rocks is of great significance for clarifying the genesis and distribution patterns of reservoirs.

    Methods

    Microfacies and sequence stratigraphy analysis and geochemical analysis including carbon and oxygen isotopes, major and trace elements with core samples were used.

    Results

    The Four types of microfacies including dolomitic lagoon, inter−shoal, grain shoal and tidal flat were identified in the Longwangmiao Formation. The Formation was subdivided into two fourth-order sequences which was regionally correlated. The δ13C of the Longwangmiao Formation vertically shows two periodical changes, which indicates two episodes of sea-level changes. This trend of sea-level change is consistent with the change of water depth reflected by the variations of Al2O3, TiO2, B and V values. Using carbon and oxygen isotopes coupled with the well−correlated Mg and Ca values, the estimated Z values and seawater temperaturesduring the deposition of the Formation collectively reflect arid and hot climates and a subtropical marine environment. Systematic variations in MgO/CaO, MnO2, Fe2O3/MnO2, and Al2O3/MgO values indicate a brief transition to warm and humid conditions during the early stages of the two successions, and the Sr/Ba values reflect the marked increase in late−stage seawater salinity during deposition.

    Conclusions

    A warm and humid climatecoupled with a rapid rise in sea level, led to the formation of transgressive systems tracts. During the hot and arid climates, rapid deposition of grain shoals and dolomitic tidal flat constitutes the highstand systems tracts. The grain shoal and dolomitic tidal−flat deposits serves as the material basis for high−quality reservoirs. Early dissolution and dolomitization processes occurring during sea−level fall and a hot and arid climate are crucial for reservoir development.
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