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2023 Vol. 50, No. 3
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CHEN Yuhong, GAN Tian, GUAN Shenjin, ZHAO Jianxing, KONG Zhigang, DENG Mingguo. 2023. Shuitoushan magmatic hydrothermal lead-zinc deposit in western Yunnan: Evidence from REE and C-O isotopes[J]. Geology in China, 50(3): 818-836. doi: 10.12029/gc20200326002
Citation: CHEN Yuhong, GAN Tian, GUAN Shenjin, ZHAO Jianxing, KONG Zhigang, DENG Mingguo. 2023. Shuitoushan magmatic hydrothermal lead-zinc deposit in western Yunnan: Evidence from REE and C-O isotopes[J]. Geology in China, 50(3): 818-836. doi: 10.12029/gc20200326002
shu

Shuitoushan magmatic hydrothermal lead-zinc deposit in western Yunnan: Evidence from REE and C-O isotopes

  • 1.

    Faculty of Land Resource Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China

  • 2.

    No. 209 Geological Brigade, Geological Bureau of Yunnan Nuclear Industry, Kunming 650106, Yunnan, China

  • 3.

    Stake Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy Sciences, Guiyang 550081, Guizhou, China

  • 4.

    Department of Geosciences, College of Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg 24061, Virgini, USA

  • 5.

    The 271 Geological Team of the Guangxi Geology and Mineral Bureau, Guilin 541100, Guangxi, China

  • 6.

    Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China

    • Fund Project: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41363001, No.41762009)
More Information
  • Author Bio: CHEN Yuhong, male, born in 1995, master, assistant engineer, engaged in mineral exploration and geological research of mineral deposits; E-mail: 630476104@qq.com
  • Corresponding author: ZHAO Jianxing, male, born in 1988, engineer, engaged in mineral exploration and geological research of mineral deposits; E-mail: 1770733128@qq.com 
Received Date:  26 March 2020
Revised Date:  01 June 2020
Publish Date:  25 June 2023
    Abstract

  • This paper is the result of mineral exploration engineering.

     Objective

    The Shuitoushan deposit is located in the south part of Baoshan block in the "Sanjiang" metallogenic belt, SW China. It is another important newly discovered epithermal Pb-Zn deposit in Zhenkang ore concentration area. Since no igneous rock exposed in the mining area, the origin of the ore deposit is still controversial. This paper aims to determine the genetic type of the deposit by studying on the sources of ore-forming materials and fluids.

     Methods

    Based on the detailed division of ore-forming stages of Shuitoushan deposit, the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) was used to systematically analyze rare eath elements of the rocks (ores) and sulfides in different stages. C and O isotopic compositions of the ore-hosted carbonate rocks, marbles and calcites of different stages were analyzed as well. Compared with the adjacent Luziyuan super-large Pb-Zn-Fe polymetallic deposit, we discuss the sources of ore-forming materials and the characteristics of ore-forming fluids in the Shuitoushan deposit, and reveal the ore-forming mechanism of the deposit.

     Results

    The Shuitoushan deposit can be divided into mineralization stage and epigenetic stage. Among them, the mineralization stage can be further divided into stage Ⅰ (pyrite-chalcopyrite-calcite stage), stage Ⅱ (sphalerite-galena-calcite stage) and stage Ⅲ (chalcopyrite-calcite stage). The studies of rare earth elements and C-O isotopic compositions show that the Y/Ho values of minerals and ores from each stage of Shuitoushan deposit indicate the source of the ore-forming materials is related to deep magmatic activity. Comparing the REE distribution model of minerals and ores from Shuitoushan deposit with the Yanshanian Kejie and Zhibenshan granites in the Baoshan block shows that the REEs in the ore-forming fluid of this deposit was mainly originated from deep magmatic hydrothermal fluid. As shown in the δ13CV-PDB-δ18OV-SMOW diagram, the ore-forming fluids are also mainly from magmatic hydrothermal fluids. During the migration processes, the ore-forming hydrothermal fluids was contaminated by sedimentary rocks in early stage, and may be affected by low-temperature alteration and atmospheric precipitation in later stages.

     Conclusions

    Both the sources of ore-forming materials and fluids of Shuitoushan deposit are closely related to the magmatic hydrothermal fluid in the deep part of the mining area. It has the same origin with the adjacent Luziyuan super-large Pb-Zn-Fe polymetallic deposit, and is an epithermal deposit related to acidic magmatic hydrothermal fluids.
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