Citation: | SUN Lixin, ZHANG Yun, LI Ying, ZHANG Yong, REN Bangfang, ZHANG Tianfu. 2017. Geochemical characteristics and intraplate extension of Late Devonian bimodal volcanic rocks in Chifeng area of Inner Mongolia[J]. Geology in China, 44(2): 371-388. doi: 10.12029/gc20170212 |
The volcanic rocks of the Chaotugou Formation in Chifeng area of Inner Mongolia consist of meta-basalts and metarhyolites and exhibit typical "double peaks", with the SiO2 content being 46.24%-56.6% and 77.59%-85.75% respectively. Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating of rhyolite yielded U-Pb ages of(359±1) Ma-(360±1) Ma, which represent the time of crystallization of the volcanic rocks. The volcanic rocks were formed in late Devonian Famennian age. Geochemically, meta-basalts (or basaltic andesites) are characterized by enriched LREE, depleted HREE, slightly negative Eu, Nb, Ta, Sr and Ti anomalies and high abundances of LILE and HFSE, with the (La/Yb)N ratios from 2.4 to 8.76, and the 87Sr/86Sr initial values from 0.705076 to 0.707770; in addition, they have relatively high positive εNd(t)values (+0.51 to +4.90) and relatively young TDM (964-1090 Ma) ages. The mafic rocks might have resulted from the mixture of depleted mantle with crustal source. Meta-rhyolites are generally characterized by rich silicon, alkali and poor magnesium. They are characterized by enriched LREE, depleted HREE, noticeable negative Eu (δEu 0.12-0.43), Nb, Ta, Sr, P and Ti anomalies, relatively high U, Th and rather low Ba, Sr, Ti and P; the (La/Yb)N ratios are from 7.07 to 11.07, 87Sr/86Sr initial values are high (0.713757-0.739647), negative εNd(t) values are low (-1.75 to +2.54), and TDM ages are relatively young (846-1156 Ma); besides, most zircons have the positive εHf(t) values (-2.3 to +6.9) and relatively young TDM ages (707-1074 Ma). The felsic rocks show an A-type affinity and might have come from a juvenile crustal source. According to their geochemistry and previous regional geological studies, the late Devonian volcanic rocks are basalts and rhyolites, suggesting a typical bimodal volcanic rock association and implying an extensional setting.
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Geological map and tectonic location for Chaotugou of Aohan Banner area, Inner Mongolia
Geological section of Chaotugou Formation volcanic rocks and sampling locations
U-Pb concordia diagram (a) and CL images of zircons (b) from rhyolite of Chaotugou Formation (P1TW3)
Concordia U-Pb diagrams (a) and CL images of zircons (b) from rhyolite of Chaotugou Formation (P2TW1)
Diagram of Nb/Y-Zr/TiO2 of volcanic rocks from Chaotugou Formation of Late Devonia(after Winchester et al., 1977)n
Primitive mantle-normalized trace elements patterns and chondrite-normalized rare earth elements patterns for bimodal volcanic rocks (after Sun and McDonough, 1989)
εHf(t)-age diagram of zircon for Late Devonian rhtyolites in Aohan Banner area
Tectonic discrimination diagram of Zr-Zr/Y (a) for basalts (after Pearce et al., 1984, 1995) and Nb-Y(b) for rhyolites (after Frster et al., 1997)