Research review on the application of microbial information technology to karst groundwater environment

LIU Dan; CHEN Xuequn; TIAN Chanjuan; ZHANG Wenjing; GUAN Qinghua

doi:10.11932/karst20230201

2023 No. 2

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Article navigation > Carsologica Sinica > 2023 > 42(2): 185-192

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LIU Dan, CHEN Xuequn, TIAN Chanjuan, ZHANG Wenjing, GUAN Qinghua. Research review on the application of microbial information technology to karst groundwater environment[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2023, 42(2): 185-192. doi: 10.11932/karst20230201

Citation:

LIU Dan, CHEN Xuequn, TIAN Chanjuan, ZHANG Wenjing, GUAN Qinghua. Research review on the application of microbial information technology to karst groundwater environment[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2023, 42(2): 185-192. doi: 10.11932/karst20230201

Research review on the application of microbial information technology to karst groundwater environment

1.
Water Resources Research Institute of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
2.
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
3.
Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, China

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Corresponding author: CHEN Xuequn, cxq1115@126.com

Received Date: 03 November 2022

Publish Date: 25 April 2023

Abstract

Abstract

With the development of society and economy, the environmental problems of karst groundwater are increasingly prominent due to the influence of human activities. The unique heterogeneity of karst aquifer leads to the diversity of microbial community. With the continuous development of microbial information technology, its application to karst groundwater environment will be increasingly extensive. Therefore, the study of microbial information technology is of great significance to the development, utilization and protection of karst groundwater resources.
In this study, the research on application of microbial information technology to karst groundwater environment is reviewed from the aspects of microbial sources, microbial tracing and monitoring technology in karst groundwater, and the application prospect in this regard is also offered. The heterogeneity of karst aquifer and the dual characteristics of microbial source recharge, including endogenous water and exogenous water, lead to the sensitivity and complexity of karst groundwater environment. The sources of microorganisms in karst groundwater are diverse, mainly including native and exotic microorganisms. The input of external microbial communities such as surface water and soil environment is the main source of microorganisms in karst groundwater. In addition, groundwater recharge and other human activities have a significant impact on microbial community characteristics. Because microbial tracer technology, in which the microorganism is used as a tracer indicator, has more advantages than the traditional indicator in the study on pollution and characteristics of pollutant environment in karst groundwater, this technology has become an important method of karst groundwater resource management. So far, many microorganisms, such as Escherichia coli and Bacteriophage, have been used as tracers in tracing tests. Escherichia coli can be used as a tracer to reflect the pollution degree of karst groundwater. Bacteroidetes are used to determine the pollution source and its contribution rate because of their host specificity. Having strong migration ability and being sensitive to changes in hydraulic conditions, Bacteriophages are non-toxic and non-pathogenic to other organisms. They are used as tracers in karst and fractured aquifers for the quantitative migration analysis of groundwater, the delineation of water flow path, etc. In addition, combined with microbial tracers and traditional tracers, the multi-tracking technology has the advantages of accuracy and operability. Because microorganisms are sensitive to the change of karst environment, their community structure and diversity are different, which can effectively indicate the change of karst groundwater environment. Different from hydrochemical index monitoring, microbial monitoring technology can indicate unknown components and provide more comprehensive information of groundwater environment. Its potential application to karst groundwater monitoring has been widely recognized.
With the development of microbial information technology, the sources and distribution characteristics of microorganisms need to be further identified due to the complexity of karst aquifer and the variability of microorganisms. The pollution risk caused by the application of microbial information technology to karst groundwater environment needs to be further discussed. The microbial tracer technique in karst groundwater is still immature and more suitable microbial indicators need to be screened out. Biomonitoring techniques with molecular methods have not yet achieved the resolution and flux required for monitoring purposes, and the correlation between different environmental parameters and the characteristics of microbial community change needs to be further identified. However, the technology is being developed to provide reference for the development of microbial information technology and the development and protection of karst groundwater resources.
- karst groundwater /
- microbial tracer technique /
- microbial monitoring technology /
- microbial information technology /
- indicative function

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