Hydrochemical characteristics and formation mechanism of groundwater in east Zoucheng City, Shandong Province

CHEN Hao; WANG Jiading; WANG Linlin; YANG Chuanwei; JIANG Fuhong

doi:10.11932/karst20230110

2023 No. 1

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Article navigation > Carsologica Sinica > 2023 > 42(1): 139-148

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CHEN Hao, WANG Jiading, WANG Linlin, YANG Chuanwei, JIANG Fuhong. Hydrochemical characteristics and formation mechanism of groundwater in east Zoucheng City, Shandong Province[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2023, 42(1): 139-148. doi: 10.11932/karst20230110

Citation:

CHEN Hao, WANG Jiading, WANG Linlin, YANG Chuanwei, JIANG Fuhong. Hydrochemical characteristics and formation mechanism of groundwater in east Zoucheng City, Shandong Province[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2023, 42(1): 139-148. doi: 10.11932/karst20230110

Hydrochemical characteristics and formation mechanism of groundwater in east Zoucheng City, Shandong Province

1.
Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
2.
Shandong Provincial Lunan Geology and Exploration Institute (Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources No.2 Geological Brigade), Jining, Shandong 272100, China

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Corresponding author: WANG Jiading, wangjd@nwu.edu.cn

Received Date: 01 January 2022

Publish Date: 25 February 2023

Abstract

Abstract

The study area is located in the southwest of Shandong Province, which is a typical water shortage area in Shandong Province, and groundwater is an important water supply source in this area. There are distributed pore groundwater, karst groundwater, and fissure groundwater. The distribution of pore groundwater is small and discontinuous, with poor water-richness. Although the karst aquifer is relatively in good water-richness, its distribution is more limited. The fissure water presents a wide distribution, but its water-richness is extremely poor. In recent years, with the rapid development of economy and the continuous growth of urban population, the demand for groundwater resources is increasing, thus exacerbating the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources, which is bound to seriously restrict the improvement of local people's living standard and economic and social development. Therefore, the study on the hydrochemical characteristics and formation mechanism of groundwater in the water-scarce mountainous area of eastern Zoucheng City can provide a strong theoretical basis for promoting the construction of new rural areas and the implementation of drinking water safety projects. Based on this, 32 samples of different types of groundwater (24 fracture water samples, 6 pore water samples and 2 karst water samples) were collected in this study, and the water chemistry indexes such as K⁺, Na⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Cl⁻, ${\rm{SO}}_4^{2-}$ < img text_id='' class='formula-img' style='display:none;' src='chenhao_M008.png'/ > < img text_id='' class='formula-img' style='display:none;' src='chenhao_M004.png'/ > , ${\rm{HCO}}_3^{-}$ < img text_id='' class='formula-img' style='display:none;' src='chenhao_M007.png'/ > < img text_id='' class='formula-img' style='display:none;' src='chenhao_M005.png'/ > , ${\rm{NO}}_3^{-}$ < img text_id='' class='formula-img' style='display:none;' src='chenhao_M009.png'/ > < img text_id='' class='formula-img' style='display:none;' src='chenhao_M006.png'/ > , F⁻, TH and TDS were measured in the water-scarce mountainous area in eastern Zoucheng city as a typical research area. The water chemistry characteristics and formation mechanism of groundwater in the region were explored in depth by graphical method, correlation analysis and principal component analysis.
Results show that the cations of both fracture water and pore water are Ca²⁺ > Na⁺ > Mg²⁺ > K⁺, while the cations of karst water are Ca²⁺ > Mg²⁺ > Na⁺ > K⁺, and the anions of all three types of groundwater are ${\rm{HCO}}_3^{-}$ < img text_id='' class='formula-img' style='display:none;' src='chenhao_M007.png'/ > < img text_id='' class='formula-img' style='display:none;' src='chenhao_M005.png'/ > > ${\rm{SO}}_4^{2-}$ < img text_id='' class='formula-img' style='display:none;' src='chenhao_M008.png'/ > < img text_id='' class='formula-img' style='display:none;' src='chenhao_M004.png'/ > > Cl⁻ > ${\rm{NO}}_3^{-}$ < img text_id='' class='formula-img' style='display:none;' src='chenhao_M009.png'/ > < img text_id='' class='formula-img' style='display:none;' src='chenhao_M006.png'/ > > F⁻. The water chemistry types of fracture water and pore water are mainly HCO₃-Ca type, while the type of karst water is HCO₃-Ca-Mg. The water chemistry formation mechanism of pore water, fracture water and karst water is mainly related to water-rock interaction, followed by the human activities. The results of principal component analysis show that water-rock interaction and human activities affect 77.7% and 10.5% of pore water, and 63.9% and 11.3% of fracture water, respectively.
- fissure water /
- hydrochemical characteristics /
- formation mechanism /
- principal component analysis /
- Zoucheng City

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References

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